Shadowing-Übung: IELTS Listening Podcast Ep 46 Practice Test | Luyện nghe tiếng Anh thụ động | Full Test & ASMR #ib8 - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit YouTube
C1
I'm really having fun.
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I'm really having fun.
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When I'm looking for fun, I was just here.
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So I'm excited for it.
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I'm so excited.
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This experience was fun.
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I'm excited.
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I think you're still looking for fun.
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We're looking for fun.
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We're looking for fun, but you're a bit more exciting.
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Then we're looking for fun.
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I'm looking for fun.
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Part 1 You will hear a conversation between a householder and a service agent arranging a boiler safety check.
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Good morning, Home Safe Services.
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Daniel speaking.
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How can I help?
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Hello, I'd like to arrange a boiler safety check for my house. Of course.
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I'll take a few details and book an engineer.
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What's your full name?
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Rebecca Turner.
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That is spelled T-U-R-N-E-R.
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Thank you, Miss Turner.
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Let me just open up the customer database here.
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It always takes a moment to load.
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Right, what address is the boiler at?
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50 Greenhill Road, apartment 3B.
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Thanks.
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That's Greenhill, G-R-E-E-N-H-I-L-L.
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And could I take a contact number in case the engineer needs to reach you on the day?
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Yes, my mobile number is 07-852-44-1639.
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Let me confirm.
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07-852-44-1639?
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Correct.
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Excellent.
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Now, what seems to be the issue with the boiler?
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Well, the heating isn't working properly.
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More importantly, it's been making a strange noise,
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so I thought it was safer to have it checked immediately.
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Good idea.
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We recommend a safety check every year.
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Is it a gas boiler or an electric one?
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It is connected to the mains,
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so it is definitely a gas boiler.
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Understood.
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Do you happen to know the brand or model?
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We need this for the spare parts.
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Yes, I have the manual right here.
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The model is TX500.
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Great.
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A TX500.
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And finally, before we look at available times,
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do you know when the boiler was actually installed?
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Let me think.
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We moved into the house a few years back,
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but the boiler was put in later.
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It was installed in 2018.
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Perfect.
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When would you like the appointment?
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I'm checking the schedule for next week now.
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I'm at work during the week,
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so a morning slot would be best.
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What about early next Tuesday?
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Let's see.
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The engineer can be with you next Tuesday.
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Would you prefer an early or late morning slot?
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Early is better.
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Could we say 9.30am?
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Yes, 9.30am is available.
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The engineer will check the pressure levels and clean the system.
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How much does the visit cost?
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The standard call-out fee is £75,
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which includes the inspection report.
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That is absolutely fine.
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We'll email confirmation shortly.
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Goodbye.
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Goodbye.
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Part 2.
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You will hear a talk by a park officer giving information about a public orchard.
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Good morning everyone and welcome to Green Valley Public Orchard.
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It is wonderful to see so many enthusiastic faces here on such a beautiful day.
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My name is Sion Mercer and I am the Head Park Ranger.
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I will explain why the orchard exists,
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outline a few simple rules and describe the layout so you can find your way around easily.
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First, regarding our purpose, many people assume we are a commercial enterprise,
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but we do not operate to produce fruit for sale,
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nor are we primarily set up to protect rare tree species,
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though we do have a few old varieties.
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Rather, the orchard was established five years ago by the local council,
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to provide a shared space for the community to connect with nature.
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The site is open throughout the year, from sunrise to sunset.
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When it comes to harvesting during the autumn months,
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you do not need to pay a fee at the entrance
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and you certainly don't have to ask staff for permission every time you want an apple.
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However, to ensure there is enough for everyone,
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you must pick fruit only in marked areas to protect the younger, more vulnerable trees.
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Moving on, you will also see a community garden run by local volunteers.
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You might see people growing vegetables and you are always welcome to take photographs from the main path,
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but please note that walking through the area is strictly prohibited as it can damage fragile soil beds.
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Now let me explain the layout of the orchard.
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If you enter through the main gate,
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just beyond the entrance, you will find an information board directly in front of you.
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It is worth spending a few minutes here as it displays seasonal updates,
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safety notices and a detailed map of the entire site.
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Once you have oriented yourself,
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to the left of the entrance is the main apple tree area,
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with trees planted in neat accessible rows.
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On the right hand side,
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opposite the apples, you will see the pear and plum section.
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Beside that is the Education Centre, a modern, eco-friendly building.
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If you follow the central path further into the orchard,
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past the fruit trees, you will reach a large wooden shelter.
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Close to the shelter, on the left-hand side,
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is the community garden I mentioned earlier.
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As you look across the path from there,
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you will notice a small building for our maintenance team.
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Specifically, to the right of the shelter,
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there is a tool storage area,
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which is restricted to staff and registered volunteers only for safety reasons.
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Just beyond the shelter is a quiet seating area where you can relax.
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Finally, if you keep walking all the way down the central path,
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near the southern boundary at the bottom of the site,
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is the designated picnic area.
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Visitors are strongly encouraged to bring food and enjoy lunch outdoors.
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However, it is absolutely essential that you keep the grounds completely clean.
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Please dispose of all rubbish in the recycling bins provided near the gates before you leave.
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We also organise regular interactive workshops to help locals understand plant maintenance and seasonal pruning.
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If you are interested in expanding your gardening skills,
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these sessions take place in the Education Centre,
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which I mentioned earlier near the entrance.
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Thank you for your attention,
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and I hope you thoroughly enjoy your visit today.
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Part 3.
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You will hear two students discussing how to identify gaps in research and how to present a literature map.
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Hi Tom.
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Have you started the research assignment about mapping literature gaps?
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We only have a few weeks left before the final deadline and Professor Smith is quite strict.
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Yes, I have done quite a bit of reading,
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but I'm really struggling with it.
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I am completely unsure how to spot a genuine gap in the literature.
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Well, many students misunderstand the concept.
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It is definitely not just a topic that has never been researched,
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that is almost impossible to find these days,
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and it doesn't mean there's a shortage of published journal articles either.
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Actually, it is about finding weaknesses or unanswered issues in existing research.
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Oh, I see.
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So a gap can exist even if there are hundreds of studies on a specific topic.
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Exactly.
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Take urban transport studies, for example.
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There's a massive amount of literature available.
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It's not that they suffer from a lack of funding for research,
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nor do they usually show contradictory statistical results.
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The real gap is that they often ignore environmental effects completely,
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focusing only on economic efficiency.
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That makes sense.
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The tutor also mentioned methodological gaps during the last lecture.
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What does that involve exactly?
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Well, it doesn't refer to studies conducted in different countries.
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That would be a geographical gap.
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And it isn't about careless errors in data collection by the researchers.
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Rather, it highlights limitations in the research methods used by the authors,
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such as relying too heavily on outdated questionnaires.
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I want to focus my project on online learning and higher education,
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but there are absolutely loads of papers already published since the pandemic.
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That shouldn't discourage you.
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Having many studies doesn't guarantee reliable conclusions,
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and it certainly doesn't reduce the amount of reading required for the assignment,
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but it is incredibly useful because it helps identify patterns and missing areas across the broader literature.
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I'm also worried about the bibliography.
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How many sources do we actually need?
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Must we use at least 30 sources to get a good grade?
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No, there isn't a strict upper limit or a minimum number like that,
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and you shouldn't just summarize as many studies as possible either,
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which is a common mistake.
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The tutor stressed that quality of analysis is more important than quantity.
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Ten deeply analyzed papers are better than 30 superficial ones.
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Okay, that's a relief.
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Let's try to categorize the types of gaps to make it clearer for my notes.
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What about when studies focus solely on short-term results over a few weeks,
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rather than looking at long-term outcomes over several years?
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Ah, when the time frame or duration is the main issue in the research design,
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that is known as a temporal gap.
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Got it.
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And what if the research relies mainly on one dominant theory while completely ignoring other valid perspectives?
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In that case, because the conceptual framework used by the researchers is too narrow to explain the whole picture,
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we classify it as a theoretical gap.
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I see.
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Another common issue I've noticed in my reading is when most studies use broad online surveys,
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but very few use in-depth personal interviews.
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Yes, because that relates directly to how the primary data was gathered from the participants.
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It represents a methodological gap.
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You could easily base your project on that.
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Good idea.
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We also have to write a justification section at the end of the report, right?
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Exactly.
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It is not enough to just point out what information is missing.
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The university guidelines state clearly that students must explain why the literature gap is significant to the wider academic field.
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You have to prove that filling this gap actually matters.
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How are you organizing all your reading material?
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I have just been taking notes manually in a notebook and it's getting incredibly messy.
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You really should digitise your workflow to save time.
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Personally, I use reference management software to organise my research articles,
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format my citations and track recurring ideas efficiently.
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Thanks, Lina.
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That's really helpful advice.
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Let us compare our literature maps next week over a coffee.
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Sounds like a plan.
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See you then.
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Part 4.
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You will hear part of a university lecture about recent developments in allergy immunotherapy.
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Good morning everyone.
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Welcome to our weekly seminar on advanced clinical immunology.
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Today's lecture looks at recent highly promising developments in the field of allergic immunotherapy.
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As you are all undoubtedly aware,
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allergic disease rates are continuing to rise worldwide at an alarming pace,
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particularly in urban environments.
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Because of this escalating public health crisis,
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we desperately need sustainable long-term strategies rather than just relying on temporary symptom relief.
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The core principle of this biological treatment is remarkably simple yet highly effective.
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Through controlled, repeated exposure, the treatment aims to develop tolerance to specific environmental allergens over a period of time,
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essentially retraining the human body.
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But first, we must clearly understand the fundamental mechanics of the body's physiological response.
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When a typically harmless substance,
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such as pollen or dust,
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enters the body of a susceptible individual,
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the immune system panics and overreacts aggressively.
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Most of the severe, uncomfortable allergic reactions that patients experience are actually caused by the rapid,
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massive release of histamine into the bloodstream.
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This chemical triggers inflammation, swelling and respiratory distress.
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Traditionally, immunotherapy has been administered primarily through subcutaneous injections,
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commonly known as allergy shots.
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This conventional therapy is rigorously divided into two distinct, carefully monitored stages.
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The patient always starts with the build-up phase,
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which involves a gradually increasing dose of the allergen,
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administered once or twice a week to safely reach a target therapeutic level.
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The second stage is the maintenance phase,
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which continues with a regular stable dose,
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usually given once a month for several years.
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Although statistically highly effective, this traditional injection approach has a major unavoidable disadvantage.
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Specifically, there is always a lingering risk of severe,
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life-threatening reactions, and furthermore, it demands very frequent,
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time-consuming clinic visits, which many patients simply cannot sustain.
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To directly address these significant clinical limitations,
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a major modern trend has been the rapid expansion of alternative delivery methods.
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The best known and most widely prescribed of these is sublingual therapy.
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Instead of using intimidating medical needles.
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This innovative method uses a specially formulated liquid allergen
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that is carefully placed under the tongue until it is fully absorbed into the mucosal lining.
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Because it is statistically much safer and carries a dramatically lower risk of anaphylaxis,
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this convenient treatment can be routinely taken at home by the patient themselves.
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Of course, it is important to note that its overall clinical effectiveness depends heavily on the specific allergen type being targeted.
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Moving on to recent cutting-edge research developments,
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we have seen huge transformative leaps in the accuracy of molecular testing.
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Older, traditional skin tests were often vague and occasionally produced false positives,
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But newer, highly advanced diagnostics can identify the exact allergenic proteins at a microscopic level that trigger an individual's unique symptoms.
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This allows for incredibly precise, personalised medical prescriptions.
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Researchers are also actively investigating biochemical ways to safely boost the body's natural defences during treatment.
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Currently, there is widespread successful use of specialised chemical compounds known as adjuvants to improve the overall immune response
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and accelerate the entire therapy process.
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Beyond merely treating existing chronic conditions,
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there is growing passionate interest in the medical community about stopping allergies entirely before they even start.
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Several major clinical trials are currently exploring possible groundbreaking preventive treatment strategies specifically designed for high-risk children,
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intervening proactively before they inevitably develop severe asthma later in life.
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Finally, let's look briefly at the integration of modern technology and future clinical directions.
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Managing a complex multi-year treatment plan can be incredibly difficult and frustrating for patients.
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However, recent hospital studies have conclusively found that continuous digital monitoring via smartphone applications
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significantly improves patient adherence to the strict daily treatment schedules.
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Looking further ahead into the next decade,
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medical researchers ultimately aim to make the entire administration process completely painless and totally non-invasive.
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In fact, some of the most exciting new delivery systems currently undergoing rigorous clinical trials include specialised medicated skin patches
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that absorb the necessary medication directly through the epidermis over a 24-hour period.
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If successful, this could revolutionise allergy care globally.
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Thank you for listening.
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Next week we will examine...
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you
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- „Let me just open up the customer database here.“ – Ein gutes Beispiel dafür, wie man in einem professionellen Kontext um Informationen bittet.
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