Shadowing-Übung: What They're Not Telling You About Data Centers - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
Übungsmodus wählen
Jeder Modus öffnet einen Übungsraum im Vollbild.
577 Sätze
Wenn Sätze zu kurz oder zu lang sind, klicke auf Edit, um sie anzupassen.
1
An acre of land is 66 feet across, 660 feet long.
2
It is the unit by which all things that happen on it are measured.
3
A farmer might make $1 ,200 per acre of farming corn.
4
Raise cattle instead and one acre may produce $3 ,000 in a good year.
5
Rent it out to someone who wants to build a windmill on it, $5 ,000.
6
But choose to use that acre instead for an AI data center.
7
That number goes way up, about $10 million per year a number
8
that until very recently could only be claimed by the land in prestigious areas of the most prestigious cities, New York, Paris, Tokyo, London.
9
It wasn't until AI was placed in front of the words data center that a shift occurred, a shift that has taken just three short,
10
fast moving years, moving data centers from something nobody gave a passing thought about to something else entirely.
11
Something more profound than electricity or fire.
12
Compute is going to be the currency of the future.
13
Meta will invest hundreds of billions of dollars into compute build -out.
14
Infrastructure we call factories, AI factories.
15
It's the largest AI infrastructure project by far in history.
16
Colossal data centers, very, very massive structures.
17
Bridges, power plants, skyscrapers, stadiums, docks, railroads.
18
In the long history of the U .S building major things,
19
just two come anywhere close to the backlash being felt by AI data centers right now.
20
There was the U .S interstate system in the 1950s, a major fight over what land exactly all
21
this new pavement would be poured over how close
22
they would be to people's everyday life people really didn't want a highway running through their neighborhood
23
then there was the nuclear decade of the 1970s grinding to a halt as major protests erupted at every site
24
that wanted to break ground on a new plant people were
25
scared nuclear plants might kill them looking at the alternatives for energy nuclear fission must be stopped go out
26
and ask a thousand people today
27
and the amount of people who say
28
they don't want a data center next to them is far more than the number who said
29
they didn't want a nuclear plant next to them back in the 70s.
30
This was duck and cover drills in school, countries testing ever bigger nuclear weapons.
31
How were nuclear plants more popular at that moment in time than data centers are now?
32
What exactly is this fight over data centers actually about?
33
This video is sponsored by ZogDoc.
34
More on them later.
35
The internet had a rule, and the rule was a problem.
36
The backbone of the internet, the long wires between cities, were owned and paid for by the government.
37
Meant for universities and labs, you weren't allowed to use them for business.
38
You could send a professor's email across it, you could not send a customer's.
39
Zero commercial activity allowed, which was fine, until people showed up on the internet who wanted to be customers.
40
And a few businesses, eight to be exact, showed up who wanted to serve them.
41
If a customer of one wanted to email a customer of the other, the only wire between them was the one they weren't allowed to use.
42
So the two companies had to physically touch their wires together somewhere.
43
A line coming out of one building, a line coming out of the other, and physically meeting somewhere.
44
That was the only way two customers could talk.
45
It's kind of crazy to think about how they solved it.
46
Just a couple of guys, one from each of these first companies, ran a wire from the street,
47
one for each company, and into the first meeting place, which was just a plain office suite in a building in Tyson's Corner, Virginia.
48
Two companies at first, then another, and another.
49
Within two months, eight offices were connected together, each company running a line from their building and into this room.
50
Once more companies joined in that room filled with cables, they moved across the street to a parking garage.
51
Actually, a tiny room off the garage of an office building on Boone Boulevard.
52
One server, one plug.
53
That was it.
54
Nobody worked there.
55
Nothing was computed there.
56
It was a place for a handful of companies to touch their wires together.
57
Yes, I said it again, and I'll probably say it a fourth time.
58
This was the first public internet and the world's first data center,
59
a room whose whole point was simply a meeting place for other buildings around it to touch.
60
By the time the government shut off the wire, companies weren't allowed to use,
61
around half the world's internet traffic was already passing through that little room in that garage in Tyson's Corner, Virginia.
62
Visit Tyson's Corner today and it will appear as any town USA.
63
There is nothing that would alert you to the fact that this place, this little room in a garage was the spark
64
that created what is 30 minutes down the road the largest
65
collection of data centers the world has ever seen data center
66
alley data center after data center after data center picture super walmart all the aisles how much time
67
it takes to walk from one end to the other in this 20 mile area
68
there are 250 super walmart's worth of data centers 52 million
69
square feet of floor space where servers let millions of companies
70
touch their wires together the center of gravity had formed
71
there was a sense a lot of it in being near
72
the hub where every company around the world was exchanging information
73
with each other the average person will not wait more than half a second google said
74
so if you want us to show people your ads you must be located in this area
75
when a person lands on a website with ads on it we'll send out a broadcast
76
and a profile of who we think this person on the site is you have 100 milliseconds to analyze
77
that profile and tell us how much you're willing to spend to have us put your ad in front of them.
78
Received the broadcast in San Francisco in 35 milliseconds or eaten up waiting for it to arrive.
79
Then another 35 milliseconds to send it back.
80
70 % of your time was gone before you had even looked at who the person might be.
81
Analyze the profile better than everyone else.
82
That was how you made money.
83
Your bids would be better.
84
Every millisecond of time spent sending things back and forth mattered.
85
A lot.
86
So not only did dozens of companies put servers in the same area as Google,
87
they paid extra money to put their servers in the exact same building as Google.
88
This is how all the free stuff we use on the internet works, and it is the most intense, highest -volume compute event on the planet.
89
Type in a website, hit enter, and Google fires off an auction billions of times per day.
90
Google Search was a great product, better than the rest, but this auction machine is what made Google into the company it is today.
91
For this, and many other interactions like it, once the internet really started to take off,
92
it was not an option to be somewhere everyone else wasn't.
93
If you've heard of Loudoun County, Virginia, that it is the richest county in the United States, this is the place they're talking about.
94
Now, it is important to point out three things here.
95
One, the population here is not rich because the data centers are here.
96
It's a suburb of Washington, D .C.
97
Number two, the data centers are not here because the population is rich.
98
They're here because they needed to be here.
99
Number three, the local government here is rich because of taxes they put on the data centers.
100
Three different things, just so there's no confusion.
101
The who's who of the internet all had or have space here.
102
AOL was a few miles down the road.
103
AWS started here in 2006.
104
The first region you could rent spare compute from was U .S.
105
East 1, something every software engineer knows very well.
106
It is the default setting for every cloud provider, and it routes right to Northern Virginia because that's where everyone already was.
107
Windowless, long, low, nobody protested.
108
Few knew they were there.
109
A data center in 2015 had every photo you had ever taken already.
110
Netflix keeps copies of every single movie in its library in dozens of data centers around the country.
111
WhatsApp messages all flow through these.
112
Data centers are the internet.
113
And until very recently, they drew about as much attention as the warehouse next door holding lawn chairs.
114
Then someone decided to put a lot of a very different type of computer inside. Is that blinking?
115
No. I thought I charged that last night.
116
How long is this going to take?
117
16 watts?
118
What is a watt?
119
You know what a watt is?
120
about one hour all right we are good though battery is back no blinking nice okay
121
so plug in your phone
122
it's about 10 watts click the tv on 100 watts turn
123
on the microwave 1000 watts the labels on all the electronics
124
that we have around where it says stuff about electricity usually
125
in watts those labels are not really made for you
126
and me it's the maximum amount of electricity this thing might ask for in one second.
127
Needed by electricians so they have a general idea of what size wire to run to what part of the house.
128
Each run to a different part of the house branching off the main wire coming from the street.
129
Each of these runs, the wire chosen for them can only handle so much electricity flowing through it.
130
Try to run your washing machine and dishwasher on a small size wire and you'll trip the breaker,
131
which is why the electricity always goes out in that one section of the house.
132
Hey!
133
Even though you've told them a dozen times, we don't put the big space heater in that room for a reason.
134
It's not even cold.
135
Put a blanket on.
136
It is also the reason your washer, dryer, oven, and dishwasher are plugged into those big outlets,
137
connected to wires large enough to handle the extra electricity they need.
138
This system of different wires, different plugs, different circuit breakers, but ultimately run back to the power plant that makes the electricity?
139
It's the same for all the factories, office buildings, stadiums, everything that uses electricity.
140
It's just scaled way up.
141
Wires are bigger.
142
Breakers are much bigger.
143
The transformer that takes it off the main line and channels it into your building, far bigger.
144
An average American home around the clock averages about 1 ,200 watts, which is a little more than a microwave.
145
If every home in New Orleans sat down and hit play on Netflix at the same time,
146
10 ,000 watts of servers would be running to deliver all of that video.
147
It's about eight homes worth of electricity.
148
But then we started plugging in these new computers, the computers that would force all of us to reckon with what exactly would happen
149
when instead of servers sending us Netflix videos,
150
we installed the special servers that allowed us to ask for almost anything to be created on the spot and sent back.
151
The movie coming from Netflix was made years ago.
152
Netflix compressed it, copied it a few thousand times, and put the copies on servers
153
that sit inside a data center probably within a few miles
154
of your house press play on saving private ryan the signal you sent goes to a box
155
that finds the file and pushes it back down the wire to you
156
that is it every second of video you have ever watched was finished before
157
you asked for it ask an ai for a video
158
or anything else for that matter
159
and nothing exists yet there is no file there is no template there is an empty void
160
that must be filled if it can't figure out how to fill the void there is no reason for to exist.
161
So think about what a video is.
162
It's just a lot of still images strung together.
163
Frames playing in sequence one after another.
164
For AI to make a two -second video, it has to make 48 different images.
165
Start to fill the void by creating the first frame, but being video, the next one must be different than the first.
166
But it can't be too different.
167
It needs to make sense.
168
So it checks the second one against the first, then thinks about how that might make sense against the third,
169
makes the third, does the same check, the fourth, on and on.
170
Each one guest saying i think
171
i'm doing a good job filling the void with something
172
this random human who gave me
173
this task will like each frame 2 million pixels built from everything the model has ever seen
174
this is the whole difference between the old data center world
175
and the new one the chip
176
that delivers it's called the cpu
177
it's the one in your laptop eight cores maybe 16 very
178
fast very good at doing one thing after another a kitchen with eight outstanding chefs all working on their own dish.
179
The chip that creates, the void filling chip, that's called a GPU.
180
Something like 17 ,000 cores.
181
Each one is slow and dumb, not even close to a chef.
182
But all 17 ,000 of them are working on the same frame at the same time.
183
17 ,000 cooks working on the same dish at the same time.
184
And it is here
185
that we arrive at what might be the true sticky center of what the data center debate is actually about.
186
The Netflix servers were 10 ,000 watts.
187
Okay, everybody is watching those movies.
188
These machines that fill an empty void require 120 ,000 watts.
189
That's 100 homes worth of electricity.
190
Leading to a very tricky question that has resulted in what has to be something many of us have now experienced.
191
Yeah, you just type in the box and it'll do it for you.
192
What do you mean it'll do it for you?
193
Anything you want.
194
I don't know what that means.
195
Just ask it something.
196
All of this electricity, and what an interesting piece of the puzzle electricity is, which we will soon see.
197
But all of this electricity, all of this land, all of this money, and when the average person has the audacity to ask something like,
198
well, what do I get from this?
199
The best response is, I don't know exactly, something cool.
200
It can write emails, either that or it might kill you.
201
But if you don't mind, I'd like to build another city -sized box across the street so we can create more cool stuff.
202
This is perhaps the ultimate example of a Lulu.
203
We'll come back to that in just a second and turn to me, finally booking the appointment I kept pushing back.
204
Thanks to the sponsor of this video, ZocDoc.
205
I needed to see a dentist.
206
Not an emergency, just overdue.
207
And every time the thought showed up, I came up with a good reason to wait.
208
Got to take a look through this edit, a lot of reading to catch up on, and one more research pass until finally it is late
209
and booking feels like a whole new thing I don't have the brain for.
210
Later becomes next week, which becomes next month.
211
The real problem was much less the actual visit and more the making of the appointment.
212
Open a browser, hunt for a dentist, check insurance, read reviews on three different sites, call during business hours, sit on hold,
213
wait for a callback that lands while I can't answer.
214
That version of the task is why people like me stall.
215
So I stopped stalling and opened ZocDoc on my phone.
216
Local doctors who take my plan, real patient reviews next to the names, and actual appointment openings.
217
I could see and tap.
218
Compare a couple, pick a time that fits, book it.
219
The thing I'd been protecting my whole day from took a couple minutes between tasks.
220
If you've got an I'll do it later appointment sitting in the back of your head,
221
try it from your phone at ZocDoc .com forward slash Maxonomics.
222
Local, in -network, real openings, booked without turning your afternoon into hold music.
223
So thank you to ZocDoc for sponsoring this video.
224
Let's get back to it.
225
Do you know why modern prison cells don't look like this anymore and instead look like this?
226
Inmates can throw stuff out.
227
One variant of that is a fluid assault.
228
A guard walks by, one of the inmates inside has acquired fluid of some type.
229
They throw that fluid on the guard, an assault by fluid.
230
These are the kinds of doors the Dakota Territory Prison have.
231
Going all the way back to 1881, this place has stood, barely changed for nearly 150 years.
232
Its cells are 30 % smaller than the industry standard.
233
There are no windows or line of sight to the outside world.
234
Many of the cells, showers, are in one long basement room where 40 men shower at the same time with two guards present
235
and there is exactly one stairwell that allows you to exit the room.
236
It's a 19th century prison, probably a great one for the time.
237
But as time has gone by, there are many things that are wrong with this prison, not just from the prisoner perspective,
238
but from the people who have to staff it.
239
It is impossible to get it up to life and fire safety codes.
240
So bad that a federal judge ruled that it did indeed violate every prisoner's 8th and 14th Amendment rights.
241
That was all the way back in 1984.
242
And that is about as far as the whole thing has gotten because prisons are Lulu blue, a locally unwanted land use.
243
Finally, in 2021, the state said no more.
244
This has to be fixed.
245
And a judge agreed.
246
A prison, like a jail, is a necessary government function and it must be located somewhere.
247
The state starts offering money to people who own land, $70 ,000 an acre and a place where land goes for $10 ,000 an acre.
248
One said yes, who thought he was selling for a fairground? as soon as he found
249
it was for a prison he flipped no we'll build it on the outskirts of
250
that place what about
251
that place no no no no protest after protest hopping from one place to the next pressuring the mayor
252
and politicians to say no 40 years to get from judge to breaking ground
253
which finally happened april 2026 on a section of land next
254
to a concrete plant landfills airports power lines highways many of the things
255
that we all use or benefit from indirectly are exactly the things that absolutely no way do not build that near me.
256
They don't pass the kitchen table test where you sit down with your family
257
and you talk about the new landfill that they want to put in right over there.
258
And you all acknowledge that, yes, our garbage will go there and everyone's garbage needs to go somewhere.
259
The value of our land will probably go down there.
260
It's probably going to be traffic, maybe even a smell, despite knowing it's something thousands of other people will use.
261
It's so easy to hit no on that.
262
Data centers do not pass the kitchen table test either, yet anyway.
263
But for a reason most people haven't really considered or don't want to put into words.
264
All the benefits of a state prison, it all stays in the state.
265
Bad people from your immediate area are taken away and put inside explicitly so they cannot harm you.
266
That is a public service the person who lives next to the prison can clearly see.
267
Even if they don't love the laws or how the legal system works, or even that the prison is there,
268
the prison, it is built to serve them.
269
Just ask it something.
270
Like you're speaking to a person, just like you're speaking to me.
271
Like what?
272
Okay.
273
Okay.
274
What does a data center do?
275
Every two seconds, roughly, depends on exactly what you're asking and what you're doing.
276
One million people are able to send something to one of the mega AI data centers being built,
277
and it will fill the void and send it back.
278
Back is wherever.
279
There's a small chance it's the house a mile away from the data center, but probably not.
280
There are a thousand people in some of those towns.
281
Most of them don't even use AI.
282
This is a much harder kitchen table test.
283
A local fight over where the prison should go, brutal, but it's honest and easy to understand.
284
A data center breaks the old moral geometry of this is our mess, so this is our dump.
285
A data center is not matched to its users.
286
It is matched to four inputs, power, water, fiber, and a deal.
287
That deal part, the details of it, the kitchen table is where that deal is made.
288
And the people around it are focused on exactly two things.
289
This is the current drinking water in Morgan County, Georgia.
290
Researchers say the amount of water used by data centers can
291
be up to millions of gallons during hot days the house was built in 2005
292
and the water level in our wells dropped 15 feet the thing falling just behind first on
293
that list number two water data centers get hot historically the cheap way to cool
294
it is the same way we as humans do you sweat
295
it out put water into the building put the heat
296
that comes out of the chips into
297
that water let the water evaporate the heat leaves with it running that loop all day,
298
a big data center running a particular type of cooling system can go through a million gallons.
299
If you put that data center in a dry county with a small utility, that is a number the neighbors are going to question.
300
And if they can't get a clean answer, that might be the bigger issue.
301
Like at this site in Oregon, Google was using more than a quarter of the town's water in the city.
302
It wasn't even Google went to court to keep that a secret.
303
That's the part people are actually mad about.
304
It appears to be much less about the gallons, much more about not being told.
305
If you back out and look at water usage by activities that are in a house, taking showers, doing dishes, drinking it,
306
this is how it breaks down.
307
Farms are the biggest consumers of water in the U .S.
308
Almonds, pistachios, golf courses rank up there, and this little box down in the corner is data centers.
309
It doesn't mean you can put a data center anywhere.
310
It doesn't mean you can be reckless, but actual documented harm to residents, meaning someone lost water or had it degraded because of a data center,
311
is a very short list.
312
Of the 5 ,400 data centers, the cases that get named over and over are the same handful.
313
The one that goes around is Newton County, Georgia, about muddy colored water.
314
It's not the city water everyone uses.
315
It's four private wells.
316
And by all counts, just to get all sides of the situation, including the county commissioner, the cloudy water appeared many years ago,
317
years before Metis started building its data center.
318
But either way, the industry reads the same polls everyone else does.
319
New buildings are being designed to run closed loop, which means they use the same water for 10 years.
320
Water goes in one time and then it just recirculates.
321
Or a new type of air design system or no water at all.
322
Because a million gallon headline in a dry county is going to cost more than cooling savings.
323
But the number one thing, what 77 % of people are focused on, it is the number that shows up at the top of every poll,
324
poll after poll, all political parties.
325
The number one thing being chatted about around the kitchen table, is this going to make my electricity bill go up?
326
Announcing the formation of Stargate, the construction of colossal data centers.
327
NVIDIA announcing that it will invest $100 billion into OpenAI.
328
That project will use about 10 gigawatts of power.
329
That's a lot of gigawatts.
330
1 ,000 watts, how much a microwave pulls, is one kilowatt.
331
1 ,000 kilowatts, which is 1 ,000 microwaves, is one megawatt.
332
So naturally, we just keep the pattern going.
333
1 ,000 megawatts, or what is 1 million microwaves, is one gigawatt.
334
Or to make it a little more concrete, imagine if every home, apartment,
335
house, condo, whatever, all turn their microwave on at the same time in a city like Chicago.
336
It's about one gigawatt.
337
Add up all the data center proposals and it's very easy to start wondering,
338
all right, that's a lot of microwaves being turned on at the same time.
339
Where is that going to come from?
340
Across the entire U .S., this is how much electricity can be generated this year.
341
Of that, there's a decent amount that won't be used.
342
Surplus.
343
By 2030, the U .S barely generates more.
344
Still a surplus, though.
345
By 2035, there's less electricity available than 2030, and the surplus disappears.
346
So where is this electricity going to come from?
347
People refer to the grid as though it's an interstate highway system, a connected web where each part connects to the whole.
348
It is not.
349
The United States of America, all 50 states right as they should be, but this is not how the electric system works,
350
tidy inside of each state.
351
This is.
352
This is the electric states of America.
353
When you turn your microwave on, there's nothing that says the electricity that flows into it comes from the power plant closest to you.
354
It might, or it might come from any of the other power plants inside the bounds of the electric state in
355
which a person lives.
356
A plant that is fired up at that moment and making electricity when you hit start.
357
Flowing out of any of the hundreds of plants in each zone, through transmission lines, into local lines,
358
into your house, just as movie night is about to start.
359
As electricity took off in the 1800s, power plants were small and local.
360
They connected their own lines to their own customers.
361
Power plants, though, started to be made bigger, and they were made more powerful.
362
It started making a lot of sense to have a few hundred big ones instead of thousands of smaller ones.
363
So they naturally started connecting one set of wires to another, small utilities and power plants combining to make a bigger one.
364
It was more reliable.
365
The electricity could be made cheaper, just like it wouldn't make sense to have one company that made gasoline in each town.
366
Instead, a few giant refineries make gasoline for the whole region.
367
Gasoline and diesel are exactly like this, actually.
368
If you look at the map, it's the same kind of weird map for oil storage and refining.
369
This weird map is why it doesn't make any sense to look at how much total electricity the U .S can make.
370
What matters is how much each region can make and whether each region has more than enough or not enough.
371
And this is where things get interesting because just like the 50 individual states of the U .S., each one its own little experiment,
372
the electric states of America are also experiments.
373
They do not all do things the same way.
374
How decisions to build more power plants are made, what kinds of plants to have,
375
all the way to what to put on our bills that we discuss around the kitchen table.
376
Most of the U .S population is in a region just like the one that hosts the world's most data centers.
377
No one company owns every part of the system.
378
One company owns the power plant, another the big transmission lines, another one owns the lines in your neighborhood and sends you your bill.
379
And yet another organization is responsible for getting all of those companies to cooperate
380
and to run hundreds of auctions that decide the price you pay for your electricity.
381
Those auctions work like this.
382
Auction number one.
383
Every hour, every plant joins an auction, saying the minimum amount of money they'll sell their power for.
384
Bids roll in.
385
The organization running the auction looks at all the electricity being asked for
386
and what their historical models say to expect over the next hour.
387
They sort the bids by amount.
388
The last bid that covers all the power they expect to need, that is the clearing price.
389
And that price becomes the price for every power plant that submitted a lower bid.
390
In other words, if I say $5 and you say $10, and we need your electricity to cover the amount we need to deliver to customers,
391
your bid is accepted.
392
You get paid $10, I also get paid $10.
393
Auction two, same type of auction, but this is a single major auction that happens once every year, asking a simple question.
394
What do we have to pay you to make sure you are available on the worst, hottest summer afternoon when electricity demand is at its highest?
395
Two years from now, the people holding the auction look at how much electricity they think they'll need, a forecast looking two years into the future,
396
how much do we need?
397
How much do we think that will grow?
398
How many plants are going to retire?
399
How many are going to be built?
400
Add up the numbers and the price that comes in from the plant that gets the total amount over the forecast,
401
that's what every plant gets paid.
402
And that amount is split across everyone's bill.
403
It is an insurance payment, a just -in -case to make sure the lights stay on on the worst day.
404
If we mosey on down to the south, things get much easier.
405
Only two areas of the country live in this type of system, the southeast and a big swath of the west.
406
These areas are much simpler.
407
One company, like the Southern Company in Georgia, owns the plants, the wires, and sends you the bill, what is called vertically integrated.
408
Once per year, they publish a big forecast to determine how much electricity they'll need to keep their customers happy the following year.
409
Southern goes to the Georgia government and says, here's what it's going to cost to keep the lights on next year.
410
Please let us charge that.
411
A commission looks at it, says yes, no, or not that much, and whatever number they negotiate is what customers pay.
412
There's no hourly dogfight, no two -year reservation fee, one company, one hearing, one rate.
413
A little farther west in Texas, though, this region is unique.
414
In the entire country, it is the only region that works like this, as simple as can be.
415
And interestingly, note that the borders of this region are entirely within the state borders.
416
A very intentional decision because...
417
That is the only reason they're allowed to do it the way that they do.
418
If you've ever heard the term interstate commerce, that is what Texas does not want to trip.
419
Connect to a system that serves customers outside of Texas,
420
and the federal government is then allowed to put rules on Texas about how it runs its system.
421
And Texas does not want those rules.
422
The system would become much more complicated than how it currently works, which is just a round -the -clock auction.
423
We need this much electricity.
424
How much will you sell it for it?
425
And a plant only gets paid when it actually makes the power.
426
That is it.
427
Most hours that's cheap, on a brutal afternoon
428
when every air conditioner in Dallas is running full blast or a freak winter storm like a couple years ago,
429
the price of that hour is allowed to go as high as $5 ,000.
430
All that to say, it's not the same everywhere.
431
Three different systems will lead to three at least somewhat different outcomes.
432
That's not to say any of them solves the demand for electricity entirely, but this is where things stand now.
433
This is how much surplus each region will have this year.
434
Everyone is in the green by a decent amount.
435
Fast forward to 2030 and the picture starts to shift significantly.
436
The markets where stories of rising electric bills have swirled are already in deficit.
437
Out to 2035, and those same areas with bill increases today get dramatically worse.
438
Your rising power bill and how all these data centers are playing a role.
439
Should Dominion customers continue sharing those costs?
440
Who should pay for it?
441
It has to be the data center industry.
442
What's at risk is every person, every household runs the risk of a doubling or even a tripling of the amount they pay.
443
Not all of it is data centers.
444
Some of it is regular upkeep, some is maintenance, and some is an error where those two -year -out projections didn't actually happen.
445
The organization that holds the auction said 30 gigawatts were coming, but only five did.
446
The charge from that calculation already appeared on customers' bills.
447
So that's the case against it.
448
If someone shows up in your town asking for enough electricity to power a city,
449
and the power company needs billions of dollars of new wires and substations and power plants to serve them, there's an extremely reasonable question to ask,
450
who pays for all of that?
451
Because if the answer is you, if this company's decision to build here makes the number on your kitchen table go up,
452
then suddenly the world's AI ambitions have become your electric bill.
453
But there is another side of this fight,
454
because there are two ways to look at a company showing up and asking for a billion watts of electricity.
455
One is, where are we possibly going to find another billion watts?
456
The other is, someone just showed up offering to buy a billion watts.
457
Those are very different ways of looking at the exact same thing.
458
For most of modern American history, electricity demand grew slowly enough, so slowly, that the system could mostly grow slowly with it.
459
AI has definitively changed that.
460
For the first time in generations, enormous customers are showing up saying, if you can make vastly more electricity, we will buy it.
461
We will buy a lot of it.
462
Not for an hour, not when it's cheap, all day, every single day.
463
And suddenly, all of these weird electric states we just looked at, systems built differently, regulated differently, priced differently, have been dropped into the same experiment.
464
Can you build?
465
Can you build quickly?
466
Can you build without making everyone already living there pay for it?
467
If you can, what happens to that place that does?
468
You become a place capable of producing enormous quantities of reliable, inexpensive electricity in an economy that increasingly wants enormous quantities of reliable, inexpensive electricity.
469
AI needs that.
470
Factories need that.
471
Advanced manufacturing needs that, and whatever comes after AI may need it too.
472
So maybe these data centers aren't just consuming the electric system.
473
Maybe they are placing an enormous bet on which electric systems can grow.
474
And now every one of the electric states has to decide whether it wants to take that bet.
475
So the four biggest companies in America are spending, they're betting, something like $700 billion this year on these buildings.
476
Last year was about $400 billion.
477
The entire interstate highway system, every mile, if you adjust for inflation, costs about $500 billion.
478
That was spent over 40 years.
479
These companies are spending more than that in 12 months.
480
Remember U .S.
481
East One, the default setting for the whole internet, the reason so much of what happens online passes through Virginia?
482
Right now, when someone in London or Sao Paulo or Jakarta asks an AI to fill the void,
483
there's a very good chance that void gets filled here in the United States.
484
And that is the other side of the argument.
485
The people spending all this money believe compute is going to become one of the most important inputs in the global economy,
486
that compute is going to become an export and one that is at least as important as oil.
487
And if they're right, the question isn't just who uses the AI, it's where the AI gets made.
488
Because when a country becomes the early center of an important new technology, it doesn't capture only the thing itself.
489
The money comes, the companies come, the suppliers come, the engineers come,
490
and then people figure out what else they can build because all of those things are already there.
491
We've actually watched this happen once already in the story.
492
Why did everybody put their servers in Northern Virginia because everybody else had already put their servers in Northern Virginia.
493
The center of gravity formed, and then the center of gravity became a reason to keep building there.
494
The argument from people building these boxes is that AI could work the same way, except now the competition isn't between Virginia and California.
495
It's between countries.
496
And this chart is what America's lead looks like today.
497
A formidable lead, but not insurmountable.
498
Loudoun County, U .S.
499
East 1, it's not wealthy because the data centers are there.
500
We established that already, but it's government has collected enormous amounts of money from them,
501
money that has helped pay for very nice schools and public services
502
and allowed the county to lower property taxes by almost 40%.
503
So here is the pitch.
504
Do that again, except bigger, except for the entire United States.
505
If the world is going to spend trillions of dollars building the infrastructure behind artificial intelligence, build a disproportionate amount of it here,
506
generate the electricity here, build the infrastructure here, collect the taxes here, develop the expertise here,
507
and hope that whatever gets built on top of all that compute gets built here too.
508
That is the bet.
509
And it's not a ridiculous one, but there is a problem with it because the person sitting at the kitchen table,
510
it's not the United States of America.
511
They're the person sitting at the kitchen table.
512
So let's bring this full circle.
513
A nuclear plant is a building that makes electricity for the people who live around it.
514
A data center is a building that uses electricity on behalf of people who mostly live somewhere else, probably far away.
515
Same category of unwanted thing, opposite direction of flow.
516
If you're sitting around the kitchen table, the test, it ends right there before anyone says a word about what AI is or is not.
517
But the connection to nuclear plants, it's not complete because protests are not what killed American nuclear power.
518
Breakdown in an atomic power plant is probably the worst nuclear reactor accident to date.
519
An unexpected release of more radiation today from the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant has led to a series of consequences.
520
After Three Mile Island, every plant under construction had to be redesigned mid -bill.
521
Costs doubled, then they tripled.
522
As just one example, in Washington State, a group of public utilities had started five plants at once.
523
And when the money ran out, they defaulted on what today would be almost $10 billion in debt.
524
It's the largest utility default in American history.
525
And around the country, another 100 plants were canceled.
526
And when the projects went bad, regular people, regular electricity customers were often left holding the bill.
527
So for 30 years, nobody broke ground on a new one.
528
Nobody had pockets deep enough to backstop the cost increases.
529
Something people didn't want near them anyway, that had a high chance of becoming a bill they would pay for?
530
Non -starter.
531
But the interstates?
532
The interstates went the other way for a reason that had nothing to do with them being popular.
533
Quite simply, the federal government paid 90 cents of every dollar to construct them.
534
The fights were real, some highways got stopped, whole neighborhoods got saved, but the fights were only really ever about where the road went,
535
never about who paid for the bill.
536
It's a messy fight, but a fight that was survivable.
537
Today, now, just three years into this whole thing, everybody is intently watching the bill.
538
A 12 -month moratorium was signed in mid -July by Governor Kathy Hochul, halting the development of data AI centers.
539
Governor Greg Abbott is pausing all data center permits across Texas.
540
These announcements, you would be stretching to call these bans.
541
By any definition, ban isn't really the right word here.
542
These are pieces of paper saying, if you want to build a data center, you have to prove you can pay for it, especially the electricity.
543
Ohio, Reserve enormous amounts of electricity and don't show up.
544
You still owe 85 % of the cost.
545
Virginia.
546
Data centers are being separated into their own customer class with their own rates.
547
Louisiana.
548
Three new gas plants for one
549
Meta data center, which
550
Meta has to pay for. And Pennsylvania.
551
A company agreed to buy power from a nuclear plant for 20 years so its owner would restart it.
552
That plant is Three Mile Island.
553
Constellation Energy said that it will reopen the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant, selling all of the power to Microsoft.
554
The building that put the final nail in the coffin of American nuclear power is being restarted for a data center,
555
a thing that is less popular than nuclear plants.
556
This time, the customer can afford the bill.
557
In the last great build -out, when costs exploded, it would land on regular people, ordinary electric customers.
558
Today, nobody really knows exactly how AI plays out.
559
Anybody who says they do is selling something, but the data center fight could be,
560
might be, maybe even likely is a fight over a much older and a much simpler question.
561
When the cost lands, who is sitting underneath it?
562
The town of a thousand people or whoever built the box?
563
There are actually other things I'd like to go on about, like car factories versus data centers.
564
People accept factories.
565
They come with jobs.
566
Data centers, not so much.
567
And about half a dozen other things.
568
But I am way over time.
569
I have to end this.
570
So who knows?
571
Maybe there's another angle to this whole thing.
572
We'll explore another time.
573
But until that time, thank you for watching.
574
Oh, and hit that subscribe button.
575
It is down there somewhere.
576
And I will see you in the next video.
577
See ya.
App herunterladen
Alles, was du zum fließenden Sprechen brauchst
KI-AussprachebewertungJeder Satz bewertet
IPA-TrainingJeden Laut meistern
WortschatzBaue deinen Wortschatz auf
VokabelspielSpielend lernen
Gleicher Kanal
FOR YOU
Empfohlenes Video
C13
130 Sätze
The Truth About How Data Centers Use Water And Power To Keep Cool
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
195 Sätze
AI Destroyed My Profession
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
63 Sätze
Power House Episode 2: The Future of Global Commerce: Trusted Data & Digital Supply Chains
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
76 Sätze
The Limitless AI Lie. The Bubble Is Slowly BURSTING.
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C1278 Sätze
China's $100BN Himalayan Mega Dam
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
114 Sätze
Harnessing generative AI in architecture, engineering & construction
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
143 Sätze
"Where are we not telling the truth?" | Jon Lovett | Google Zeitgeist
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
168 Sätze
The Truth About Nuclear Energy
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
65 Sätze
Naomi Klein: The AI Bubble Is Going To Burst. This Is How We Prepare.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
389 Sätze
They JUST Accidentally Revealed the Truth: The AI Bubble
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
31 Sätze
Exposing the Secrets behind Data Centers 👀🤯
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
427 Sätze
The Absurd Engineering Behind the Internet
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Diese Sprechübung basiert auf dem Video „What They're Not Telling You About Data Centers“. Diese Wörter kommen am häufigsten vor: center, electricity, plant. Dieses Video enthält 577 Sätze und 7149 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 34:26. Der Sprecher spricht schnell, etwa 208 Wörter pro Minute – rechne mit verbundenen und verkürzten Lauten. 85 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 lernenswerte Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| wire Substantiv | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | Draht |
| watt Substantiv | /wɑt/ | Watt |
| auction Substantiv | /ˈɔkʃən/ | Versteigerung, Auktion |
| server Substantiv | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | Server |
| void Adjektiv | /vɔɪd/ | leer |
| microwave Substantiv | /ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌweɪv/ | Mikrowelle |
| enormous Adjektiv | /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ | enorm, riesig |
| interstate Adverb | /ˈɪntɚˌsteɪt/ | zwischenstaatlich |
| acre Substantiv | /ˈeɪ.kɚ/ | Morgen, Acker |
| infrastructure Substantiv | /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/ | Infrastruktur |
| protest Substantiv | /ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/ | Protest, Einspruch |
| chip Substantiv | /t͡ʃɪp/ | Splitter, Span |
| utility Substantiv | /juːˈtɪlɪti/ | Nützlichkeit |
| garage Substantiv | /ɡəˈɹɑʒ/ | Garage |
| fluid Substantiv | /ˈflu.ɪd/ | Fluid, Flüssigkeit |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Bedeutung |
|---|---|
| show up Verb | auftauchen, erscheinen |
| figure out Verb | herausfinden |
| go up Verb | hinaufgehen, steigen |
| back down Verb | nachgeben, eine Rückzieher machen |
| back out Verb | sich zurückziehen, aussteigen |
| branch off Verb | abbiegen |
| break down Verb | versagen, den Geist aufgeben |
| come up with Verb | ausdenken |
Sätze zum Wiederholen
Kurze, vollständige Sätze aus dem Video, die du im Alltag wiederverwenden kannst:
- You know what a watt is?
- What do you mean it'll do it for you?
- I don't know what that means.
- How much do we think that will grow?
- How much will you sell it for it?
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Bedingungssätze if + Satz, will/would + Verb – eine Bedingung und ihre Folge | if you don't mind, I'd like · If you've got an I'll do |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | has taken · has ever seen · you've heard |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | are measured · be claimed · was placed |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | someone who wants · people who say · allowed, which was |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 70 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel don't, they're, you're. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: auction /ˈɔkʃən/, garage /ɡəˈɹɑʒ/, transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/, dish /dɪʃ/, commissioner /kəˈmɪ.ʃə.nəɹ/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, utility /juːˈtɪlɪti/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/
Laute, die Deutschsprachigen schwerfallen:
- /w/ — mit runden Lippen, nicht wie das deutsche „w“ (/v/): wire /ˈwaɪɚ/, watt /wɑt/, microwave /ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌweɪv/, quantity /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/, unwanted /ʌnˈwɒntɪd/
- Stimmhafter Auslaut — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ am Wortende nicht verhärten: void /vɔɪd/, microwave /ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌweɪv/, garage /ɡəˈɹɑʒ/, fluid /ˈflu.ɪd/, bid /bɪd/
- /æ/ — offener als „ä“: gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/, gasoline /ˈɡæs.ə.liːn/, gallon /ˈɡælən/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie wire, watt, auction.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.