Shadowing Practice: [REC] Key Meeting - Engineering (Public Stream) - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hi, this is Eric Johnson.
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It's February 18th, 2021, and this is the engineering key review at GitLab.
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So I've got number four in the agenda, which is a proposal to break up this meeting into four department key reviews.
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So currently this is engineering,
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development, quality, security, and UX infrastructure and support do their own key reviews already.
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I have the reasons why increased visibility, able to go deeper, increase the objectivity with which my reports can manage their groups,
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allow me more time to focus on new markets, and allow me to shift into more of a question asker mode than generating content and answering questions in these meetings.
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But to avoid adding three net new meetings to stakeholders' calendars, I propose we do a sort of two-month rotation.
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So month one, development quality go.
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Month two, security and UX would go.
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How do people feel about that proposal?
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I think in the group conversations, it's working really well um so i'm i'm supportive
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and uh this is the smallest thing maybe we need four
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meetings a month like it's the biggest department it's super essential but you propose this i don't uh
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i could see either way so let's stick with the proposal
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cool we'll try it
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and we'll uh we can be flexible i mean the development is larger maybe they go more frequently
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or something like that but we'll see how it see how it goes all right
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and then i've got number five um
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which is uh we've got um r d overall mr rate
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and we also have r d wider mr rate both as top level kpis for engineering
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so the difference between them in the simplest sense is that R&D wider MR rate includes both community contributions and community MRs.
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The problems I see with this are that one, the wider MR rate, the one that includes internal and external MRs, it duplicates the overall MR rate,
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which is- Wait, wait, wait, wait, sorry, sorry.
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The wider MR rate should just be external, right?
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Right.
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And then overall should be narrow plus wider.
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Oh, yeah.
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Like we say the wider community.
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Right, right, right.
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Okay. So there's...
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I have to check the taxonomy.
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Lily, can you confirm SID's reasoning is my understanding as well?
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Yeah, I believe water MR rate just captures community contributions.
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Only and no internal.
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Yeah, and the reason we measure that is
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that like one of the most likely failure modes is that we lose the community.
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Yeah.
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So Eric, where it gets goofy is that when you look at a specific team within the company,
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there could be contributions outside of that that aren't community contributions.
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They would be viewed community contributions by that group, but effectively they're not from outside the company.
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So that's why we use wider to kind of reflect that.
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And narrow is very specific to the team.
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Are you saying that if someone in plan contributes to verify, it's viewed as wider?
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Not quite that.
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Plan and verify are just fine.
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It's when you look at like the development versus infrastructure infrastructure will oftentimes contribute to developments work
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but it won't be counted as MRs. Okay that's a that's a potential bit of funkiness that we should talk about separately.
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I didn't have that in my sort of critique of this but that that doesn't necessarily make intuitive sense to me.
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So then I think part of my critique of this can be thrown out
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because it's not as duplicative as I thought
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but I still think there's a problem with R&D wider MR rate
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which is this thing doesn't really move in part
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because it's a it's a rate
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so it feels like the way to drive this up is
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to specifically drive community authors to contribute more than one MR per month that's how this moves up
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because it's a it's a productivity rate like we use internally
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and that doesn't necessarily feel like the right thing
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because there's scenarios in which this goes up we've actually got less contributions overall and less contributors overall.
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Wait a second.
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So you're saying that R&D wider MR rate is number MRs per external contributor?
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Oh my goodness.
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That should not be the thing.
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It should be contributions per GitLab team member.
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So the thing above the division is the external ones.
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The thing below is the number of team members at GitLab.
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Is that the case, Lily?
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I'm checking right now.
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I think so in our numerator.
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It says for the marks merge per team member.
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So unless we start calling people outside the company team member, then it shouldn't be done.
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Yeah, just clarifying here.
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So So our numerator is community contributions, and then our denominator is GitLab team members.
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So it's not per external member.
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So we- So what we're doing there,
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Eric, is we're not trying to say how many MRs does someone send if they send something,
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we're saying how many MRs from external do we get for the size of our organization
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sorry i have a childhood emergency outside the door So maybe explain the context behind this.
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The context is as we grow as a company, we should make sure we keep the community up.
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Like the logical thing is for the community to flatline and the size of the org to grow.
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And before you know it, you've kind of outgrown the wider community.
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Yeah.
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And what I'm seeing is we created this pre-sophisticated taxonomy with prefixes
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and post fixes to talk about these things
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but in reality we've only got two of them
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and it's we keep forgetting and we have a hard time discussing this thing so i'd rather just name them simply
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some two names for what they are rather than than using
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that taxonomy but also like in f i have this proposal of like what
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if we just tracked as a kpi the percentage of total mrs
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that come from the community over time and we would see
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that drop i love that i love that let's do that instead Okay.
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But the thing why we have this complex thing is because you can game that.
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You want to game that, you just produce fewer MRs with the engineers at GitLab.
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So if you drive that really hard and say, this is your number one goal, it's very easy to achieve.
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You just tell all your engineers to produce half.
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Yeah.
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So we have different metrics to prevent that from happening the same way
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that like support SLA as an asset kind of buttress one another.
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I think we're robust to that.
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But simplifying this would make these conversations go much easier.
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If you, as our CTO, don't even understand them, we went overboard.
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So I'm supportive.
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You don't understand them.
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And I forgot.
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And I was agreeing to stuff this morning.
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I'm like, there's a problem with this.
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And then you just remind me of the context.
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So yeah, if I can't hold it in my head.
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Percentage that come from the community.
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I love that.
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It's what all our investors ask about.
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Let's do that.
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Okay, cool.
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So Lily, if you can work with Max to make that transition, that would be great.
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And I'll bold the one that we're talking about.
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That's Roman Rimmel 3.
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Thanks.
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I'm on the call.
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Sorry, it was a bit late.
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Timeline, we do have PIs on the raw number of community MRs, and we can make the shift.
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And wider confirming from the definition, I think wider only counts for community, and that's what the definition is.
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Cool.
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All right, so number six then, Christopher.
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Sorry, I was looking up to see if I had the percentage graph, because I think we played around with this at one point and had a draft of that probably about five months back,
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if I can remember, Lily.
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Just an FYI, the month of February, if you were looking at any particular metrics, particularly in development and MR rate,
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we haven't had updates in four days there's apparently a lag
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issue that's been problematic for the data team to basically get updated metrics and they're working on that.
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I'm sorry, Mech, you got the next one.
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So yeah, there's some color there on mitigation, the lag later on.
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On to 7, and we continue as an FYI in addition to the KPI status.
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I'm sorry, I want to just touch on the Postgres replication issue there real quick.
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I'm trying to get my arms wrapped around it.
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Do we have the right attention to this?
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This is kind of, Eric, I don't know
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if you were commenting on hinting towards this in the last meeting around some of the infrastructure improvements on the product side.
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I'm just not quite sure whose responsibility it is to focus
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on getting a handle on some of the constraints we have in replication.
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Yeah, what I was mentioning in the product key review about an hour ago is I think is sort of like unrelated.
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And so I think the DRI needs to be your kind of data engineering team.
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But of course, there's a dependency on infrastructure because that's where the data is being piped from.
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They do own that data source.
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Yeah, I'll say for the replication lag on that slave host where, I'm sorry, not the, on the,
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the secondary host where the data is being pulled from, like the infrastructure would be the DRI for that.
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And so any escalations, but I'll, I'll own those.
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And I know we have an action plan for
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that as far as creating another dedicated host just for the data team to pull from.
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Okay.
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I did actually, I saw that issue
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and I did talk to Craig Gomes a little bit as well on the database side, just to see if there's some database improvements.
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And I'm still trying to figure out, you know, if it's truly just a dedicated computational sort of resource,
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a server, or if there's actually some database tuning that needs to occur.
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Do you have a sense of that?
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There's, so I'd say it's three different things.
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It's having a dedicated host that doesn't have conflicting query traffic coming from other workloads.
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There are some tuning performance or tuning improvements to be made.
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And then there's also improvements in, and this is where it does maybe relate a little bit
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to what the topic was in the last review basically the overall demand on the database layer from .com activities and improving those.
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So it's definitely not just one of those things, but one of the most specific actions we're going to take,
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though, is separating out and having a dedicated host so
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that we're just dealing with the profile of the data engineering traffic on there
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and not having conflicting queries affect the ability to update the replication.
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Steve, I definitely want to partner with you on this one
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because I think the demand on those databases is only going to increase.
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It's not going down.
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And I think we need to get, I'm still unclear on where to focus in to get the biggest bang for the buck.
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I think if the computational resource dedication, that's going to be a good thing, but we're probably going to squeeze the balloon and then the next area will unearth itself.
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Okay.
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And I'll tell you what, I'll put into the infr-key review for next week.
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Okay.
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It's going to be an update on this issue.
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Thank you, Steve.
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So then back to Mechon 7 or yes.
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Thank you.
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And Rob was in the assassin's incident this morning as well.
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So Brian, we have the attention there.
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Number seven, just to provide an update on previous conversations, we're continuing to improve defect tracking and against SLOs.
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There is a first iteration PI that we are experimenting to show a percentage of defects meeting the SLOs.
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Key findings, S1s are hovering at 80%, S2 at 60%.
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We've been focused mostly on S1 and S2 at this point, hence why S3 and S4 are lower.
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This will likely be the case.
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We are also in point B are working on the measurement for average open bugs age.
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This would give us a whole picture of what's left.
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If the age goes up or down, if we are cleaning the backlog, the average age should go down as well.
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There's no PI yet, but I just want to update and show that beyond this.
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It's not off track.
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number C, Craig, on S2?
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Yeah, I just was looking through the charts and I noted that there was a spike in the meantime to close.
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And just wanted to see if you had any insight into that.
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This is the S2, the S1 looked fine.
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Yeah, this is where the point B on H, supplemental charts in the backend helps.
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So I haven't seen a dip in H nor the count overall.
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I think it's the latter.
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We need to dig in a bit deeper in that.
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And also the data lag, I would like to reevaluate once we have the whole picture, once everything is synced in as well.
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Christy, you have some insights.
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Yeah, I'm just wondering if part of this could be the fact
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that we changed the severity across the board for MRs to S2.
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And so we may have some older bugs in there that hadn't been addressed because they were at a lower severity.
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Now we've moved them to S2 and maybe that caused a little spike.
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That could be the case if we did it in a limited fashion, it won't be a huge volume.
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We also iterated after that to pin on priority since product owns prioritization.
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So I wouldn't account it entirely to that.
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I mean, this isn't the infra key review, but I know that they've gotten backed up on those issues.
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So if some good portion of those are in for created or related, then that may be lifting it as well.
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I can take the deeper dig in and then provide an update next time.
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I think we need extra debug slicing the data here.
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So do you like to go to 0.8?
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Yeah, we are now measuring S1, S2, SLO achievement with closed bugs.
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But if you then look at the number of bugs, it's exponential growth.
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And then it would be trivial to achieve 100% SLO achievement.
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If you just look at closed bugs, even though there would be a major problem in the company, 99% of all bugs are overdue.
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As long as I only close ones that are still within the SLO, I'll have great achievement.
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So I think we shouldn't be looking at the closed bugs.
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I think we should be looking at open bugs, the entire population, or percentage of those is within the SLO time.
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I think we're doing it the wrong way.
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Thanks for the feedback, Sid.
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Hence why we wanted to have the average age, average age to measure what's outside in the open.
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We can make this iteration to also measure, focus on the age of all opened, including open bugs.
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This is all something we have discussed with Christopher in the next iteration as well, and we're happy to adjust.
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So the key...
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Yes, go ahead.
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So average age would get closer to it.
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It's not what I'm proposing.
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I'm proposing is of the open bugs what percentage is outside of SLO
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so display it as a percentage you do now just do
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it about the open bugs not the closed one got it okay the exceeding SLO for open bugs yeah
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or open bugs that are within SLO so you have a chart
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that should go up
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and to the right like everything else sounds great we can take it to the the next data metrics to deliver this.
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Cool.
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Thanks.
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It's a pretty good.
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A little tricky Mac you'll have to figure out how to.
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Cause we like to be able to have charts
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that we can historically reconstruct if we need to so
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when tickets close out you need to go through their history to figure out at this time
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when it was open did it breach the slo
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or not that's a good point this might be much harder computationally
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and so I totally respect if we can do it for
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that reason uh cool nine craig yeah i just wanted to
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ask the team like i went through all the the key meeting metrics everything looked in line with prior periods
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and look good is there anything the team wants to call out especially that we should be watching Yeah, I'll call out Sus.
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So the good news is in Q4, we had our smallest decline over several quarters.
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So we only went down by a tenth of a point.
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The quarter previous was 0.6 or six tenths of a point and the quarter before that was a full point.
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So So we see this as an improvement, even though it was still a decline, but it's still a decline.
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Obviously, we want this actually tracking in an upward direction.
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We also don't have enough data to know whether or not this is an actual real trend up.
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So I'm optimistic.
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I think this is a good thing.
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We have had a much keener focus on SUS over the past several quarters.
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So that's why I think, okay, the work that we've done, I think actually is catching up and getting noticed in SUS, but we got to keep an eye on it.
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We can't assume that that's the case.
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Yeah, and the bug discussion above just kind of points out
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that we have an underlying problem right now in our metrics measurement.
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So if we change the measurements to reflect that, then hopefully we're in good shape.
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If we don't and we flatline and address it so that we flatline open S1s and S2s,
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you will see a temporary jump in above SLOs as we clear out that backlog over that period of time.
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And I have point C, which is similar to infrastructure.
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We need to get more security work prioritized.
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We're hearing that from the team.
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But neither that problem nor that activity is sort of currently reflected in our security metrics.
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So we have some work to do long term to make sure we see things like
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that in the metrics and the measurements that we're making.
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So back to you, Sid, 10.
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Yeah, the narrow MR rate seems significantly below target.
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And maybe I hope that it would bounce back from December.
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I think it bounced back, but not back on target.
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Any context there?
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What's going on?
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Yeah, so with family and friends days,
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we actually had some heavier vacation days in January than we historically have.
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One thing to note is that we were actually at a higher MR rate.
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If you go back the last 18 months, we're actually at a higher and narrow MR rate than we were back in each month this year.
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So if you compare October to October, November to November and January, I'm sorry, October, November, December,
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and January, comparatively to last year, what you'll find is we're between a half point
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and a 1.5 MR rate above where we were in the month of previous year.
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That's great context.
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Thank you, Christopher.
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Good work.
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Yeah, so the expectation is that February is a short month.
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We are at, I think, 16 work days with friends and family day and other things.
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Obviously, us having carriages in Texas doesn't help things either for the folks who are working in Texas.
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But hopefully the rest of the team is being effective.
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I was hoping to see a better result right now, but with four or five days, particularly around release week, that's usually when we do see a little bit higher activity.
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So that's not accounted for yet.
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but you know march is march is
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when i'm expecting kind of see a real rebound much like
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we did last year awesome thanks the other context i'll give is we now do time series targets
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so when we change the target you'll see that reflected in the line
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so if we were to look back historically here the goal here is actually lower
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and christopher was ambitious and we kept raising and we kept meeting
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that so it should stair step here and we could go back and reconstruct that if we really wanted to.
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And then ignoring the sort of the seasonal dip here, we raised it to, I think, 11.
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And then we realized we're kind of hitting that point of diminishing returns and the right thing to do business-wise, and this is in our FY22 direction, is hold the line at productivity,
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but start to raise other things related to quality, security, availability, and whatnot.
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So that's kind of why you're seeing this bump is we raised it and we realized, okay, that's not the, we shouldn't raise it anymore.
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And we brought it back down to 10.
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So 10 will be the target going forward.
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I'm going to try to get better.
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A lot of other things while preventing this from dipping.
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Cool.
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And I just want to call out
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that it's not necessarily like higher MR rates should also help to address security
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and quality and other things because you're more productive.
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So you can fix more things.
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So it's not necessarily opposite,
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but I, I agree with let's hold the line 10 is a great number and focus on other indicators to improve.
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That makes a ton of sense.
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Cool.
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Well said.
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All right.
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That's it for the agenda.
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Anyone want to vocalize anything else?
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Great.
317
Well, thanks, everybody.
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And I'm going to go check on my four-year-old and see if she got whatever she needed.
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So cheers and talk soon.
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Thanks, Eric.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “[REC] Key Meeting - Engineering”. Este vídeo tiene 320 frases y 3676 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 24:08. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 152 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. El 83 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| metric adjetivo | /ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ | métrico |
| propose verbo | /pɹəˈpəʊz/ | proponer |
| measurement sustantivo | /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ | medida, medición |
| iteration sustantivo | /ˌɪt.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | iteración |
| taxonomy sustantivo | /tækˈsɑnəmi/ | taxonomía |
| historically adverbio | /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/ | históricamente |
| backlog sustantivo | /ˈbæk(ˌ)lɔɡ/ | fondo, reserva |
| numerator sustantivo | /ˈnuː.məɹˌeɪ̯.təɹ/ | numerador |
| reconstruct verbo | /ˌɹiːkənˈstɹʌkt/ | reconstruir |
| computational adjetivo | /ˌkɑmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl/ | computacional |
| query sustantivo | /ˈkwɪɹ.i/ | consulta, pregunta |
| defect sustantivo | /ˈdiːfɛkt/ | falla, tacha |
| severity sustantivo | /səˈvɛɹ.ə.ti/ | severidad |
| contributor sustantivo | /kənˈtɹɪb.jə.tɚ/ | donante, contribuidor |
| verify verbo | /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/ | verificar |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| call out verbo | especificar | |
| go up verbo | subir | |
| figure out verbo | averiguar, captar | |
| go through verbo | atravesar | |
| break up verbo | separar, cisionar | |
| catch up verbo | enredar | |
| go ahead verbo | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | venga, adelante |
| look back verbo | recordar, volver la cabeza |
Frases que vale la pena repetir
Frases cortas y completas del vídeo que puedes reutilizar en la conversación diaria:
- I think we're robust to that.
- I'm like, there's a problem with this.
- It's what all our investors ask about.
- Do we have the right attention to this?
- Do you have a sense of that?
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | haven't had · that's been · We've been |
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | would be viewed · won't be counted · can be thrown |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 96 contracciones y formas reducidas, como I'm, we're, I'll. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: replication /ɹɛplɪˈkeɪʃən/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, iteration /ˌɪt.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, computational /ˌkɑmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl/, computationally /ˌkɑmpjʊˈteɪʃənəli/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: replication /ɹɛplɪˈkeɪʃən/, iteration /ˌɪt.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, taxonomy /tækˈsɑnəmi/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, numerator /ˈnuː.məɹˌeɪ̯.təɹ/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: spike /spaɪk/, stakeholder /ˈsteɪkˌhəʊl.də/, squeeze /skwiːz/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: severity /səˈvɛɹ.ə.ti/, verify /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/, supportive /səˈpɔɹtɪv/, duplicative /d(j)uˈplɪkətɪv/, objectivity /ˌɒbd͡ʒɛkˈtɪvɪti/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: propose /pɹəˈpəʊz/, oftentimes /ˈɔf.ənˌtaɪmz/, prioritization /prʌɪˌɒrətʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/, prioritize /pɹaɪˈɒɹ.ə.taɪz/, visibility /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como metric, propose, measurement.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.