Pratique du Shadowing: What's next for mainframes and AI? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

A trillion web transactions daily.

More than 300 billion inference requests in a single day.

A million plus transactions in a second.

The modern mainframe can handle all that and more with ease.

Welcome to AI Academy.

I'm Lou Folia, a writer and journalist.

And I'm here with Christian Jacoby, IBM Fellow and CTL of Systems Development at IBM.

On average, Visa processes around 8 ,500 global transactions every second.

A mainframe which can handle one million transactions per second would be able to process more than 100 times Visa's volume.

So, Christian, to you, what makes the mainframe remarkable?

And what makes them key to AI's next big breakthrough?

Is it the hardware?

Is it the software?

Is it somewhere in between?

It's really the hardware and the software together.

When we design the next generation of the mainframe, we're enhancing the performance, the scalability, availability features.

But we're doing this in conjunction as a hardware team.

We're working closely with the firmware team and software team to make sure

that we end up with a stack optimized end -to -end solution that clients can use to run their workloads.

IBM has been thinking about AI on mainframes for a long time now, right?

This isn't something we've recently come to.

Ten years at least.

And the IBM Telum processor includes an on -chip AI accelerator.

Why is that important, having the accelerator on chip?

And how does it enhance AI performance?

Yeah, as you're running workloads on the processor, of course, a lot of the data resides within the chip.

And within the chip, we can communicate between different components of the chip, literally in nanoseconds, right?

Nanoseconds is a tiny sliver of time, of course.

Versus if you go off -chip and go to a separate card, you're talking microseconds.

And if you go to a different system, you might be talking milliseconds, right?

And so by putting AI acceleration directly onto the processor chip, we could achieve the lowest possible latency for some of those traditional models.

And then now with the Spire acceleration card that goes into the IO subsystem,

we can run generative AI also with very low latency without needing to cross system boundaries and go into a separate system.

It matters how big that slice of the second is.

It matters big time.

Absolutely.

When you're running millions of transactions every second

and the latency requirements from a business perspective is that transactions need to finish within a handful of milliseconds,

then you really don't want to waste milliseconds and traveling the data between here and some other system for AI inferencing.

Let's drill in on that a little bit.

So what makes mainframes so pivotal for AI?

Their hardware capabilities, their software capabilities, What is it that sort of makes it perfectly suited for AI?

Yeah, so clients are running mission -critical central workloads for their corporations.

They run the central ledger of a bank or they run insurance claims processing on mainframes.

That's where a lot of the data resides.

That's where the transactions get processed.

And of course, you can use AI to increase the sort of business value

of each transaction by checking for fraud on an insurance claim

or on a banking transaction and being able to integrate that directly into the workload, detect fraud, for example,

in the instant of time where the transaction is getting processed is of huge value to clients compared to,

for example, doing it in a cloud a few minutes or an hour after the transaction has already completed.

By doing it directly in the mainframe box itself, you cut out all that latency and that's how you get to the milliseconds of latency for, for example, fraud detection.

You already have all the data, all the transaction processing happening in the mainframe system by doing the AI directly in the processor for traditional models

or in the I .O subsystem on a Spire accelerator for generative models.

You can maintain low latency, get the good throughput and performance that the mainframe is known for,

but also preserve the security capabilities by not needing to send the data to a separate system.

When you're sending the data out into the world, it's slowing things down and it's creating security risk.

Correct.

Exactly.

You're sending it somewhere else that inherently takes time and you're moving the data out of the highly secure mainframe environment.

So now it gets exposed to different attack surfaces that hackers could exploit.

What should organizations consider when choosing AI -ready infrastructure?

And how do mainframes address those needs better than other platforms?

When clients embark on AI journeys in the context of the mission -critical workloads, We often talk to them about the readiness of the data,

the readiness of the models.

Do they have the capabilities in the data science departments to kind of train their own data into the models

that they will be using?

And then also look at, you know, what latency requirements do you have?

What throughput requirements?

How many inferences per second do you need to run in that workload?

And by working with clients through those considerations early on,

we can make sure that clients are actually successful in deploying AI solutions, not just developing them, and then kind of getting surprised about how hard it is to scale them to actual deployment.

So we're in a room that has seen a lot of mainframe history.

You spent the bulk of your career working on mainframes.

What excites you about the future of mainframes?

We've been already developing the next generation and the generation after that.

We're always working on three mainframe generations at the same time.

So it's your job to think about what the future's going to look like and build a machine that serves it.

And that's exciting and a lot of fun.

Could you talk a little bit about some of the use cases that may have surprised you?

Yeah, I'll give you an example.

There's one client who's actually using mainframes to analyze imagery of seagrass, satellite images.

Like seagrass, like on the beach seagrass?

Yes, yeah.

And they see beach grass dying in certain areas, and they use that information

that they obtained from the AI models to then do ecological measures to protect more of the seagrass.

So when you start designing something, and then you see where it goes, like protecting seagrass, like how cool is that for you to see the expanse?

That is super exciting.

Like we have, when we design the hardware and the software, we have use cases in mind that we're optimizing for.

And then once it's in the hands of our customers, their innovation starts and how they can use all these capabilities for use cases we would have never imagined.

And that is one of the most fascinating parts to see how this sometimes evolves.

Yeah, totally.

So that's the future.

But even today, just think about it.

Every time you pay using a credit card, withdraw cash from an ATM, make reservations with any airline,

file your taxes or access your medical records or basically do a thousand other things, it's likely you are being served by a mainframe.

Now, imagine a day without mainframes.

Mainframes are without a doubt integral to enterprise IT.

And today, with new integrations and enhancements, they are redefining their role in modern IT.

100

So, to answer the question we started with, what makes the mainframe unique?

101

It's the hardware and the software and everything in between.

102

It's how the end -to -end stack is optimized from the Silicon App for mission -critical workloads.

103

And I think that we could both agree that that's what makes the mainframe so remarkable.

104

And that's what makes it great for AI.

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114 phrases

Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « What's next for mainframes and AI? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : mainframe, transaction, latency, workload, chip. Cette vidéo contient 104 phrases et 1305 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 7:15. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 180 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. Seuls 79 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant. 23 de ses 104 phrases sont des questions : un bon entraînement pour l’intonation interrogative et les réponses courtes.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

Mot	Prononciation	Sens
latency nom	/ˈleɪ.tən.si/	latence
workload nom		charge de travail
seagrass nom	/ˈsiˌɡɹæs/	herbier marin, posidonie
capability nom	/ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/	capacité
millisecond nom	/ˈmɪlɪˌsɛkənd/	milliseconde
processor nom	/ˈpɹɑˌsɛsɚ/	processeur
accelerator nom	/əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/	accélérateur
excite verbe	/ɪkˈsaɪt/	exciter
optimize verbe	/ˈɑptɪmaɪz/	agir en optimiste
generative adjectif	/ˈd͡ʒɛnəɹətɪv/	génératif
inference nom	/ˈɪn.fə.ɹəns/	inférence, déduction
nanosecond nom		nanoseconde
throughput nom	/ˈθɹuː.pʊt/	débit
readiness nom	/ˈɹɛdinəs/	préparation
reside verbe	/ɹɪˈzaɪd/	habiter, résider

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

Mot	Sens
cut out verbe	arrêter de
go off verbe	exploser

Des phrases à répéter

Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :

This isn't something we've recently come to.
Let's drill in on that a little bit.
What excites you about the future of mainframes?

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

Structure	Dans la vidéo
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant	has already completed · has seen · We've been
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait	is known · being served · is optimized

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 19 contractions et formes réduites, comme we're, you're, I'm. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

Les sons « th »: throughput /ˈθɹuː.pʊt/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, withdraw /wɪðˈdɹɔ/
Les sons « sh » et « zh »: acceleration /əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, conjunction /kənˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃn̩/, reservation /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, detection /dɪˈtɛk.ʃən/
Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, millisecond /ˈmɪlɪˌsɛkənd/, accelerator /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, generative /ˈd͡ʒɛnəɹətɪv/, acceleration /əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

/h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: enhance /ɪnˈhæns/, inherently /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/, enhancement /ɪnˈhæns.mənt/, hacker /hækəɹ/
/tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: generative /ˈd͡ʒɛnəɹətɪv/, ledger /ˈlɛd͡ʒɚ/, ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/, imagery /ˈɪmɪd͡ʒɹi/, conjunction /kənˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃn̩/
/r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: mainframe /ˈmeɪnˌfɹeɪm/, seagrass /ˈsiˌɡɹæs/, processor /ˈpɹɑˌsɛsɚ/, accelerator /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, generative /ˈd͡ʒɛnəɹətɪv/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme latency, workload, seagrass.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →

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