シャドーイング練習: Animal Farm – Chapter 1 Audiobook (George Orwell) - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Chapter 1.

Mr. Jones, of the manor farm, had locked the henhouses for the night.

but was too drunk to remember to shut the pop hose.

With the ring of light from his lantern dancing from side to side, he lurched across the yard, kicked off his boots at the back door,

drew himself a last glass of beer from the barrel in the scullery, and made his way up to bed.

where Miss Jones was already snoring.

As soon as the lights in the bedroom went out, there was a stirring and a fluttering all throughout the farm buildings.

Word had gone round during the day that old Major, The prized middle white boar had a strange dream on the previous night and wished to communicate it to the other animals.

It had been agreed

that they should all meet in the big barn as soon as Mr. Jones was safely out of the way.

Old Major, so he was always called, though the name under which he had been exhibited, was Woldington Beauty.

was so highly regarded on the farm

that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour's sleep in order to hear what he had to say.

At one end of the big barn, on a sort of raised platform, Maidru was already ensconced on his bed of straw.

under a lantern which hung from a beam.

He was 12 years old and had lately grown rather stout, but he was still a majestic looking pig,

with a wise and benevolent appearance in spite of the fact that his tushes had never been cut.

Before long, daughter animals began to arrive and make themselves comfortable after their different fashions.

First came the three dogs.

Bluebell, Jesse, and Pinscher.

And then the pigs, who settle down in a straw immediately in front of the platform.

The hens perched themselves on the window sills, the pigeons fluttered up to the rafters, the sheep and cows laid down behind the pigs and began to chew the cud.

The two card horses, Boxer and Clover, came in together walking very slowly

and setting down their vast hairy hoofs with great care, lest there should be some small animal concealed in the straw.

Clover was a stout, mutterly mare approaching middle life, who had never quite got her figure back after her forefall.

Boxer was an enormous beast, nearly 18 hands high, and as strong as any two ordinary horses put together.

A white stripe down his nose gave him a somewhat stupid appearance, and in fact he was not of the first rate intelligence.

but he was universally respected for his steadiness of character and tremendous powers of work.

After the horses came Muriel, the white goat, and Benjamin, the donkey.

Benjamin was the oldest animal on the farm and the worst tempered.

He seldom talked, and when he did, it was usually to make some cynical remark.

For instance, he would say that God had given him a tail to keep the flies off.

But he would sooner have had no tail and no flies.

Alone among the animals on the farm, he never laughed.

If asked why, he would say that he saw nothing to laugh at.

Nevertheless, without openly admitting it, he was devoted to Boxer.

The two of them usually spent their Sundays together in a small paddock beyond the orchard, grazing side by side and never speaking.

The two horses had just lain down when a brood of ducklings which had lost their mother filed into the barn.

Cheeping feebly and wandering from side to side to find some place where they would not be trotted on.

Clover made a sort of wall around them with a great foreleg, and the ducklings nestled down inside it and promptly fell asleep.

At the last moment, Molly, the foolish, pretty white mare who drew Mr. Jones' tarp, came mincing daintily in, chewing at a lump of sugar.

She took a place near the front and began flirting her white mane, hoping to draw attention to the red ribbons it was plated with.

Last of all came the cat, who looked round, as usual, for the warmest place, and finally squeezed herself in between Boxer and Clover.

There she purred contently, throughout major speech, without listening to a word of what he was saying.

All the animals were now present except Moses, the tame raven, who slept on a perch behind the back door.

When Major saw that they had all made themselves comfortable and were waiting attentively, he cleared his throat. and began.

You have heard already about the strange dream that I had last night.

But I will come to the dream later.

I have something else to say first.

I do not think, comrades, that I shall be with you for many months longer.

And before I die, I feel it is my duty to pass on to you such wisdom as I have acquired.

I've had a long life.

I've had much time for thoughts as I lay alone in my stall.

And I think I may say

that I understand the nature of life on this earth as well as any animal now living.

It is about this that I wish to speak to you.

Now comrades, what is the nature of this life of ours?

Let us face it.

Our lives are miserable.

laborious.

In short, We are born.

We are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies, and those of us who are capable of it are forced to work to the last atom of our strength.

And the very instant that our usefulness has come to an end, You're slaughtered with hideous cruelty.

No animal in England knows the meaning of happiness or leisure after he is a year old.

No animal in England is free.

"'The life of an animal?' It's misery. and slavery.

That is the plain truth.

But is it simply part of the order of nature?

Is it because this land of ours is so poor

that it cannot afford a decent life to those who dwell upon it?

Thank you.

No, comrades.

A thousand times no. The soil of England is fertile.

Its climate is good.

It is capable of affording food in abundance to an enormously greater number of animals that now inhabit it.

This single farm of ours would support a dozen horses, twenty cows, hundreds of sheep.

An optim living in a comfort and a dignity that are now almost beyond our imagining.

Why then do we continue in this miserable condition?

because nearly the whole of the produce of our labor is stolen from us by human beings.

There, comrades.

is the answer to all of our problems.

It is summed up.

in a single word.

Man.

Man is the only real enemy we have.

Remove man from the scene.

and the root cause of hunger and overwork is abolished forever.

Man is the only creature that consumes without producing.

He does not give milk.

He does not lay eggs.

He is too weak to pull the plow.

He cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits.

Yet he is lord of all the animals.

He sets them to work.

He gives back to them the bare minimum that will prevent them from starving, and the rest he keeps for himself.

Our labor tells the soil.

Our dung fertilizes it.

And yet there is not one of us that owns more than his bare skin.

"You cows," Tracey before me, "how many thousands gallons of milk have you given during this last year?"

100

What happened to that milk which should have been breeding up sturdy calves?

101

Every drop of it has gone down the throats of our enemies.

102

And you, hens!

103

How many eggs have you laid in the last year?

104

And how many of those eggs ever hatched into chickens.

105

The rest have all gone to market, to bring in money for Jones and his men.

106

And you, Clover.

107

Where are those four foals you bore, who should have been supports and pleasure of your old age?

108

Each was sold a year old.

109

You will never see one of them again.

110

In return for your four confinements and all your labor in the fields, what have you ever had except your bare rations in a stall?

111

And even the miserable lives we lead are not allowed to reach their natural span.

112

For myself, I do not grumble.

113

for I am one of the lucky ones.

114

I'm 12 years old and I've had over 400 children.

115

Such is the natural life of a pig.

116

But no animal escapes the cruel knife in the end.

117

You young porkers who are sitting in front of me.

118

Every one of you will scream your lives out at the block within a year.

119

It's not horror.

120

We all must come.

121

Chaos.

122

"Pigs, hens, sheep, everyone." Even the horses and the dogs have no better fate.

123

You, Boxer.

124

The very day that those great muscles of yours lose their power, Jones will send you to the knacker.

125

who'll cut your throats and boil you down for the foxhounds.

126

That's for the dogs.

127

When he growled and toothless, Jones ties a brick round their necks and drowns them in the nearest pond.

128

Is it not clear then, comrades, that all the evils of this life of ours spring from the tyranny of human beings?

129

Only get rid of man.

130

and the produce of our labor would be our own.

131

Almost overnight, we could become rich and free.

132

What then must we do?

133

Why work night and day?

134

Body and soul, for the overthrow of the human race.

135

This is my message to you, comrades.

136

Rebellion.

137

I do not know when the rebellion will come.

138

It might be in a week.

139

We're in 100 years. But I know.

140

As surely as I see the straw beneath my feet, that sooner... or later.

141

Justice will be done.

142

"Fix your eyes on that, comrades." throughout the short remainder of your lives.

143

And above all, Pass on this message of mine to those who come after you, so that future generations shall carry on the struggle until it is victorious.

144

And remember, comrades, Your resolution must never falter.

145

No argument must lead you astray.

146

Never listen when they tell you that man and animals have a common interest.

147

The prosperity of the one is the prosperity of the others.

148

It is all lies.

149

Man serves the interests of no creature except himself.

150

And among us animals, let there be perfect unity, perfect comradeship in a struggle.

151

All men.

152

our enemies.

153

All animals. or comrades.

154

At this moment, there was a tremendous uproar.

155

While Major was speaking, four large rats had crept out of their holes and were sitting on their hindquarters, listening to him.

156

The dogs had suddenly caught sight of them, and it was only by a swift dash for their holes that the rats saved their lives.

157

Major raised his trotter for silence.

158

Comrades.

159

He said, Here is a point that must be settled.

160

The wild creatures, such as rats and rabbits, Are you our friends?

161

or our enemies.

162

Let us put it to the vote.

163

I propose this question to the meeting.

164

R. Rats.

165

Comrades.

166

The vote was taken at once and it was agreed by an overwhelming majority that the rats were comrades.

167

There were only four dissenters: the three dogs and the cats.

168

who was afterwards discovered to have voted on both sides.

169

Major continued.

170

I have little more to say.

171

I merely repeat...

172

Remember always your duty of venemnity towards man and all his ways.

173

Whatever goes upon two legs.

174

is an enemy.

175

Whatever goes upon four legs or as wings.

176

is a friend.

177

And remember, Also, that in fighting against man, we must not come to resemble him.

178

Even when you have conquered him, do not adopt his vices.

179

No animal must ever live in a house.

180

We're sleep in a bed.

181

or wear clothes or drink alcohol.

182

or smoke tobacco.

183

or touch money, or engage in trade.

184

All the habits of man are evil.

185

And above all, No animal must ever tyrannize over his own kind.

186

Weak.

187

We're strong.

188

Clever. or simple.

189

We.. are all Brothers.

190

No animal must ever kill any other animal.

191

All animals are equal.

192

And now comrades, I'll tell you about my dream of last night.

193

I cannot describe that dream to you.

194

was a dream of the earth as it will be when man has vanished.

195

It reminded me of something that I had long forgotten.

196

many years ago.

197

When I was a little pig, My mother and the other sows used to sing an old song.

198

of which they knew only the tune and the first three words.

199

I'd known that soon in my infancy.

200

but I've long since passed out of my mind.

201

Last night, however, It came back to me in my dream.

202

What is more, The words of the song also came back.

203

Words!

204

I'm certain.

205

which were sung by the animals of long ago.

206

and have been lost to memory for generations.

207

I will sing you that song now, comrades.

208

I'm old and my voice is hoarse.

209

But when I have taught you the tune, You can sing it better for yourselves.

210

It is called...

211

Beasts. of England.

212

Old Major cleared his throat and began to sing.

213

As he had said, His voice was hoarse, but he sang well enough.

214

And it was a stirring tune, somewhere between Clementine and La Cucaracha.

215

The words ran: The beasts of England, beasts of Ireland, beasts of England,

216

beasts of Ireland, beasts of every land and clime, hearken to my joyful tidings of the golden future time.

217

Soon or late the day is coming, Tyrant man shall be overthrown.

218

And the fruitful fields of England shall be trought by beasts alone.

219

Rings shall vanish from our noses and the harnesses from our back.

220

Bits and spur shall rust forever, Cruel whips no more shall crack.

221

Riches more than mine can picture, Weed and barley, oats and hay.

222

clover beans and mangrove worsels shall be ours upon that day Thank you.

223

Bright will shine the fields of England.

224

"Purer shall its waters be." Sweet yet shall blow its breezes On the day that sets us free.

225

For that day, we all must labor.

226

Though we die before it break, Cows and horses, geese and turkeys, All must toil for freedom's sake.

227

Beasts of England, beasts of Ireland, beasts of every land and clime, Hearken well and spread my tithing.

228

Off the golden future tie.

229

The scene of the song threw the animals into the wildest excitement.

230

Almost before Major had reached the end, they had begun singing it for themselves.

231

Even the stupidest of them had already picked up the tune and a few of the words.

232

And as for the clever ones, such as the pigs and dogs, they had the entire song by heart within a few minutes.

233

And then, After a few preliminary tries, the whole farm burst out into beasts of England in a tremendous unison.

234

The cow's loaded.

235

The dogs whined it.

236

The sheep bleated it.

237

The horses whinnied it.

238

The ducks quacked to it.

239

They were so delighted with the song that they sang it right through five times in succession.

240

I might have continued singing it all night, but they had not been interrupted.

241

Unfortunately, the uproar awoke Mr. Jones, who sprang out of bed, making sure that there was a fox in the yard.

242

He seized the gun which always stood in the corner of his bedroom

243

and let fly a charge of number six shots into the darkness.

244

The Pudds buried themselves in the wall of the barn, and the meeting broke up hurriedly.

245

Everyone fled to his own sleeping place.

246

The birds jumped onto the purchase.

247

The animals settled down in the straw.

248

the whole farm was asleep.

249

in a moment.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Animal Farm – Chapter 1 Audiobook」を教材にしています。繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：animal, comrades, beast。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が249文、単語が2673語あります。音声の長さは17:18です。話す速さは1分あたり約154語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は80%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
comrade 名詞	/ˈkɑmɹæd/	仲間, 同志
clover 名詞	/ˈkloʊ.vɚ/	クローバー, 白詰草
straw 名詞	/stɹɔ/	藁, ワラ
rat 名詞	/ɹæt/	鼠, ネズミ
barn 名詞	[ˈbɑɹn]	納屋, 家畜小屋
pig 名詞	/ˈpɪɡ/	豚, ブタ
cow 名詞	/kaʊ/	雌牛, 牛
sheep 名詞	/ˈʃiːp/	羊, ヒツジ
hen 名詞	/hɛn/	雌鶏
tremendous 形容詞	/tɹɪˈmɛndəs/	莫大
miserable 形容詞	/ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/	惨めな, 悲惨な
uproar 名詞	/ˈʌpɹɔːɹ/	騒動
lantern 名詞	/ˈlæ̝ntɚn/	灯篭, ランタン
chew 動詞	/tʃuː/	咀嚼する, 噛む
stall 名詞	/stɔːl/	馬小屋, 厩舎

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	意味
come back 動詞	戻る, 帰る
go down 動詞	降りる, 降下する
go out 動詞	出る
lie down 動詞	横になる, 臥す
pick up 動詞	拾う, 拾い上げる

繰り返し練習したい文

動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。

I've had a long life.
Why then do we continue in this miserable condition?
How many eggs have you laid in the last year?
What then must we do?
We're sleep in a bed.

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	have had · have heard · have acquired
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	had been agreed · was always called · was already ensconced
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える	those who dwell · those who come

注意したい発音

話し手はI've, I'm, we'reなど、短縮形や弱形を14回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「sh」と「zh」の音: sheep /ˈʃiːp/, abolish /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/, vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/, foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/, leisure /ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/, prosperity /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/, rebellion /ɹɪˈbɛl.i.ən/, universally /ˌjunɪˈvɝsəli/, preliminary /pɹɪˈlɪmɪnɛɹi/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/, rebellion /ɹɪˈbɛl.i.ən/, cruel /ˈkɹuːəl/, resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/, cruelty /ˈkɹu(.ə)lti/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: clover /ˈkloʊ.vɚ/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/, starve /stɑɹv/, devote /dɪˈvəʊt/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: flirt /flɚt/, fertile /ˈfɝːtəl/, flee /ˈfliː/, foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/, swift /swɪft/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。comrade, clover, strawなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Animal Farm – Chapter 1 Audiobook (George Orwell) - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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