シャドーイング練習: English Podcast for Easy English Conversation | How to Use CAN, COULD, and WOULD | Learn English - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hello everyone and welcome back to Speak English with Emmy.
374 文
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Hello everyone and welcome back to Speak English with Emmy.
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I'm Emi.
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And I am Max.
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Hello, everyone.
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Ready for another great episode.
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That's the energy I like to hear, Max.
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You seem to be in a fantastic mood today.
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Well, I am now because I'm here in the safe studio, but outside, the real world is dangerous, Emmy.
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I need to file a complaint.
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Oh no, did you get lost again?
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Is your phone battery dead?
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No, my navigation was perfect.
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It was a people problem.
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I went to that fancy new coffee shop downtown.
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You know, the one with the exposed brick walls and the expensive espresso machines.
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Ah, the Boone Lab.
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I love that place.
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The baristas are usually so friendly.
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Friendly, Emmy.
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The guy looked at me like I was a criminal.
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He literally slammed my coffee cup on the counter, didn't smile, and just walked away.
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I felt like I was in an action movie and I had insulted his family.
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That doesn't sound right at all.
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Max, let's play detective.
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What exactly did you do?
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I was a perfect customer.
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I waited in line quietly, I walked up to the counter, and I gave him my order, clear and confident.
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Okay.
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Tell me exactly, word for word, what you said to him.
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I looked him right in the eye and said, "Give me a black coffee.
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I want milk on the side.
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Sit there." Oh, Max.
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No wonder he slammed the cup down.
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What?
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What did I do?
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It is grammatically correct.
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Give is the verb.
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Coffee is the object.
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I want is my desire.
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I even pointed to the chair to be helpful.
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It is perfect English.
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Max, it is grammatically correct for a bank robber.
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You sounded like you were demanding a ransom, not ordering a drink.
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You are exaggerating.
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I am really not.
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Listen to the tone.
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Give me.
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I want.
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Sit there.
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In English, this is what we call the directness trap.
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You used the imperative form, the command form.
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You gave him direct orders.
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But in my native language that is completely normal.
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We go into a shop, we say what we want, and we get it.
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We are direct.
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It's efficient.
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I know, and that is one of the biggest cultural hurdles for English learners.
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In many cultures, directness shows honesty and efficiency.
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But in English -speaking cultures, especially in the UK, USA, and Canada, directness equals rudeness.
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So I wasn't being efficient?
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I was just being rude?
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You treated the barista like a robot.
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You didn't use any softeners.
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Softeners?
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Like the stuff I put in my laundry?
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Exactly like that.
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In grammar, we use modal verbs, words like can, could, would, and may, as the fabric softener for your sentences.
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They are the airbags in a conversation.
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They soften the impact of your words so you don't crash into the other person.
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I feel terrible.
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Don't worry, Max.
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It is a very common mistake.
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Today, we are going to climb the ladder of politeness.
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We are going to take your caveman sentences and translate them into polite, natural, advanced English.
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Please, because I want to go back there tomorrow and show him I'm actually a nice person.
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We will get you ready.
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Let's start with the most basic request.
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asking for things without demanding them.
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Alright, Max, let's look at your first crime.
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You walked up to a stranger and used the imperative: "Give me a black coffee." I thought I was being clear.
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Give is the action.
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It is an action, but when you start a sentence with a verb in English, it is a command.
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You are acting like a general in the army, talking to a soldier: sit down, stand up, give me.
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We call this level zero on the politeness ladder.
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You only use this if there's an emergency or if you are very angry.
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Okay, level 0 is deleted from my brain.
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I don't want to be an angry general.
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So, what is level 1?
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Level 1 is the word "can".
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Instead of a command, we turn it into a question: "Can I have a black coffee?" Can I have?
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That sounds okay.
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It is easy to remember.
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Informal.
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You use "can" with your best friends, your family, or people you know very well.
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It suggests that you have a close, casual relationship with the person.
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So if I say "can I have a coffee" to the barista, is that bad?
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It's not a disaster, but it can sound a bit too casual, especially in a nice place or with someone you have never met.
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If you want to be a polite adult, you need to step up to level two: could.
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Could I have a black coffee?
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Yes, that is the gold standard for daily life.
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But wait, Emi, I know my grammar.
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Could is the past tense of can.
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Why am I using the past tense to ask for a coffee right now?
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I don't want the coffee yesterday.
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That is a brilliant question.
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This is the secret to English politeness.
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When we use modals for requests, we're not talking about time, we're using the past tense to create distance.
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Distance?
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Like physical distance?
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I should stand further away from the counter?
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No, not physical distance.
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Psychological distance.
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In English, being direct is too close, too personal.
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When we use the past tense modal "could," it creates a soft, polite cushion between you and the stranger.
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It makes the request less direct, which makes it more polite.
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Wow, polite distance.
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That actually makes a lot of sense.
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So can is close and friendly, and could gives them some polite space.
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Exactly.
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Let's do a quick quiz.
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Imagine you're at home and your brother is standing near the salt.
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What do you say?
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He's my brother.
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We have zero polite distance.
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I say, can you pass the salt?
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Perfect.
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Now you're at a fancy business dinner with the CEO of your company.
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You need the salt.
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Ah, lots of distance.
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I say, could you pass the salt, please?
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Nailed it.
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So let's fix your coffee order.
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Replace "give me" with level 2.
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Okay, excuse me, could I have a black coffee?
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Beautiful.
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You sound like a gentleman.
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The barista is smiling.
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But wait, you aren't finished.
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After that, you hit him with another verbal truck.
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Right, I said "I want milk on the side." Yes, and "I want" is the most dangerous phrase a learner can use.
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So we fixed the first part of your order.
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You used "Could I have a black coffee" instead of "Give me?" But then,
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Max, you said "I want milk on the side." Yes, because black coffee is too bitter.
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I needed milk.
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I understand the need for milk, Max, but let's look at the psychology of the phrase "I want." Close your eyes
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and picture a three -year -old child in a supermarket.
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They see a chocolate bar.
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What do they say?
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They scream, "I want chocolate!
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I want it now !" Exactly.
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"I want" is a statement of raw, selfish desire.
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A toddler uses it because they don't care about the other person's feelings, and they don't care if it's actually possible to get the chocolate.
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They just know their desire.
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Oh dear, so I basically stood in a fancy cafe acting like a giant 30 -year -old toddler throwing a tantrum for milk.
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A little bit.
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The barista is a professional doing their job, not your parent.
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We have to show respect.
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To do that, we use the magic polite modal, "would." Wood, like the wood from a tree.
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It sounds exactly the same, yes.
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W -O -U -L -D.
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We change the demanding "I want" to the polite conditional "I would like." I would like milk on the side.
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It sounds very fancy, like I am having tea with the king.
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Do I need to wear a top hat to say this?
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It's not just for the king, Max.
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It's universal English politeness.
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"I would like" softly means: "If it is possible and if it isn't too much trouble,
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my preference is milk." That is a lot of hidden meaning in three little words.
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Yes, but here's the secret to sounding like a native speaker:
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if you walk into a cafe and say "I would like milk," pronouncing every word carefully,
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you will sound a bit like a robot or a textbook.
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I don't want to be a robot or a toddler.
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What do I do?
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You have to use the contraction.
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Native speakers almost never say "I would like" in daily life.
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We squeeze the first two words together.
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"I would" becomes eyed like my "I" and a "D".
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I'd.
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Yes, I'd like.
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Let's practice.
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I am the waiter.
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Tell me you want a blueberry muffin.
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I'd like a blueberry muffin, please.
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Tell me you want the Wi -Fi password.
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I'd like the Wi -Fi password, please.
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Excellent!
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It flows so much better.
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It's fast, natural, and perfectly polite.
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So now you have two amazing tools in your pocket.
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You have the polite question, "Could I have?" and the polite statement, "I'd like." So I can mix them together.
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I can say to the barista, "Excuse me, could I have a black coffee and I'd like milk on the side, please?" That is absolute perfection.
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If you say that, the barista will probably give you a big smile and a free cookie.
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You sound relaxed and fluent.
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Yes, I am redeemed.
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I am a gentleman of the café once again.
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And then, feeling confident, I can proudly point to the table in the corner and say, "Sit there." Oh, Max, we fixed the coffee,
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we fixed the milk, but we still haven't fixed the chair.
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But I was just telling him where I was going.
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You gave him another command.
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We need to talk about asking for permission.
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Okay, Max, now you pointed at a table in the corner and said to the waiter, "Sit there."
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Yes, I was trying to tell him where I was going to be so he could bring the coffee to me.
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Max, when you use a verb like that with no subject, it is a direct command to the person you were talking to.
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You basically looked at a busy waiter and ordered him to take a seat.
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Oh no. He probably thought I was crazy or that I was telling him to take his break.
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again.
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Don't panic, but this is exactly why we need to ask for permission.
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You needed to ask if the table was free for you to sit at.
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Okay, permission.
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I remember this from my school days.
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The teacher always told us the rule.
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I should say, "May I sit there?" Ah, yes.
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The classic "may" vs. "can" debate.
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Because "can" means physical ability, right?
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If I say, "Can I sit there?" the teacher would say, "I don't know, can you?
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Do your legs work?" speaking,
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"may" is for permission and "can" is for ability.
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So I should use "may"?
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May I have a coffee?
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May I sit there?
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You can use "may".
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It is 100 % grammatically correct and very polite.
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But Max, remember the context.
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You are in a modern, slightly hipster coffee shop called The Bean Lab.
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Yes, the barista had tattoos and a very cool apron.
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If you walk up to him and say, "Excuse me, sir, may I sit there?" You are going to sound a little bit like a time traveler from the 1800s,
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or like you are speaking to the queen.
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Really?
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May is too formal?
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Welcome to level three, Max.
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This is the highest level of polite requests.
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You use this when you are asking a stranger for a big favor, or when you want to be extremely respectful.
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I am ready.
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I have my pen.
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What is the magic phrase?
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The phrase is, would you mind?
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Would you mind?
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Okay, that sounds very gentle, like I'm asking about their feelings before I ask them to do something.
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That is exactly what you are doing.
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To mind means to be annoyed or bothered by something.
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So you are literally asking, will it bother you if I ask for this?
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That is a very nice way to talk to people.
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So I can say to the waiter, "Would you mind to give me a coffee?" Oh,
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so close, Max, but no. Level 3 has a special grammar rule.
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You cannot use to plus the verb.
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You must use an -ing verb, a gerund.
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Uh, English grammar.
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It always gives you a beautiful present but wraps it in complicated paper.
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So I need an -ing.
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Yes.
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Let's imagine a different situation in the cafe.
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You want to sit at a table, but someone's jacket is on the chair.
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You don't say, "Move your jacket." You use level three.
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Would you mind moving your jacket? perfect, or imagine you are cold, would you mind closing the window?
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It is the softest, most polite way to ask a stranger to do an action.
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Would you mind moving?
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Would you mind closing?
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I like this.
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It feels very advanced.
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But wait, Emi, What if I want to do the action?
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What if I want to sit in the chair?
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Do I say, Would you mind my sitting?
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Great question.
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If you are doing the action, you add the word "if." Would you mind if I… and then you use the past tense.
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Would you mind if I sat here?
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Would you mind if I sat here?
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Wow, that is definitely level 3.
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That's CEO -level English.
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It is.
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But Max, here's the most dangerous part of Level 3: you have to understand how native speakers answer this question.
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It's a famous paradox.
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A paradox?
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You're scaring me.
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Let's roleplay.
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Max, ask me if you can sit in the empty chair next to me.
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Use level 3.
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Excuse me, would you mind if I sat here?
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No, not at all.
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Go ahead.
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Wait, you said no, so I can't sit there?
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Ha!
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Yes, you can sit.
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But you just said no. No, not at all.
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Why are you telling me no if you want me to sit?
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Think about the verb, Max.
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What did you ask me?
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You asked, "Would it bother you if I sat here?" Oh, and your answer is, "No, it does not bother me." Exactly!
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This confuses learners all the time.
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With "Would you mind?" a "no" means yes, you can do it.
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"No, I don't mind." "No, not at all." "No, go right ahead." That is completely crazy.
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What happens if you say "yes"?
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If I say "yes, I mind," it means I am annoyed.
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"Yes, I actually do mind, my friend is sitting there." So a "yes" means "no, you can't." My brain is upside down.
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Yes is no, no is yes.
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It takes a little practice, but once you understand the logic, that you are answering the word mind, it makes perfect sense.
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Okay, so let's recap my coffee shop disaster.
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Level zero, rude.
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"Give me coffee.
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I want milk.
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Sit there." Level 1: Casual.
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"Can I have a coffee?" Level 2: Polite distance.
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"Could I have a coffee?
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I'd like some milk." Level 3: Ultimate softener.
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"Would you mind if I sat there?" Max, look at that progress.
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You went from a caveman to a diplomat in 15 minutes.
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I feel like a new man.
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I am ready.
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Alright Max, you have the tools.
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You understand the polite distance of could, the soft desire of I'd like,
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and the ultimate paradox of would you mind.
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It is time for your redemption.
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I am ready.
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I am no longer a caveman.
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I am a gentleman of the English language.
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Let's prove it.
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We are going to do a role play right now.
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I am the tattooed grista at the Bean Lab.
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You are the customer.
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I want you to order your black coffee, ask for your milk, and check if you can sit at the corner table.
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Let's do this.
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Okay.
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Next in line, please.
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Hey, man, what can I get for you today?
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Hello, could I have a large black coffee, please?
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Sure thing.
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Just the black coffee?
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Actually, I'd like some milk on the side if possible.
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No problem.
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I'll put a little jug of milk on the tray for you.
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Is this for here or to go?
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For here, please.
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Oh, and would you mind if I sat at that table in the corner?
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No, not at all.
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Go right ahead.
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I'll bring your coffee over in a minute.
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Thank you very much.
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Max, that was absolutely flawless!
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10 out of 10!
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Emi, I did it.
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And my brain didn't panic when you said, "No, not at all." I knew that meant, "Yes, take the table." You navigated the paradox perfectly.
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How did it feel compared to your first attempt this morning?
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It felt so much better.
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I didn't feel like I was fighting with you.
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It felt like a smooth, friendly conversation.
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The softeners really do work like magic.
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They do.
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They change the entire energy of the interaction.
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You give people respect, and they give it right back to you.
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I guarantee if you go back to the Bean Lab tomorrow and use this exact script, you will get a smile.
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I am definitely going back.
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I might even leave a tip this time.
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That's the spirit.
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So to all our listeners out there, let's do a quick recap of the ladder of politeness so you never accidentally sound like a bank robber.
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Step 1.
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Delete the imperative.
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Never start with the verd.
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Give me.
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Step 2: Use "could" instead of "can" for polite distance with strangers:
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"could I have?" Step 3: Never say "I want" – say "I'd like." Step 4: For big favors or permission,
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use "would you mind if I?" and remember that "no" means "yes, go ahead." This is a survival guide for cafes,
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restaurants, and basically all of the UK and North America.
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Absolutely.
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We challenge all of you listening right now.
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The next time you order a coffee or buy something in a shop, use "could I have" or "I'd like" and notice how the other person reacts.
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Tell us your stories in the comments.
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Have you ever accidentally been rude in English like I was?
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Yes, we love hearing your stories.
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What is your favorite polite phrase to use?
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Let us know down below.
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It sounds so intelligent.
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It suits you, Max!
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Thank you so much for joining us for another episode of Speak English with Emi.
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Don't forget to like, subscribe, and share this episode with a friend who might need some politeness softeners.
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Keep practicing, don't be a caveman, and we will see you next week.
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Bye everyone!
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この動画で話す練習をする理由
YouTubeで英語学習をするなら、日常会話のリアルな場面を学べる動画が最適です。この動画では、コーヒーショップでのやり取りを通して、「直接的すぎる表現」がどのように誤解を招くかを実例で説明しています。shadow speech（シャドーイング）の練習に最適なコンテンツで、自然な会話のリズムやトーンを身につけることができます。実際の場面で使える表現を学ぶことで、「文法は正しいのに相手に不快感を与える」というミスを防ぐことができます。
文脈の中の文法と表現
動画の会話から、3つの重要なポイントを分析します。
- 直接的な命令形のリスク：「Give me a black coffee.」のような命令形は、文法的には正しいですが、日常会話では「要求するように聞こえる」場合があります。丁寧な表現としては「Could I have a black coffee, please?」などが適切です。
- 「I want」の使い方：「I want milk on the side.」は「私はミルクを添えてほしい」という意味ですが、直接的すぎる印象を与えます。「I'd like milk on the side.」のほうが柔らかく、相手に優しい表現です。
- トーンの重要性：同じ文でも、トーンによって意味が変わります。「Sit there.」は命令的なトーンで言うと「そこに座れ」となりますが、優しいトーンで言えば「そこに座ってもいいですよ」となります。
よくある発音の罠
動画の中で、発音が難しい単語やアクセントのポイントをチェックしましょう。
- 「espresso」：イタリア語由来の単語で、正しい発音は「エスプレッソ」ではなく「エスプレッソ（eˈsprɛsso）」です。アクセントは2番目の音節にあります。
- 「exposed brick」：「exposed」は「エクスポーズド」ではなく「エクスポーズド（ɪkˈspoʊzd）」、「brick」は「ブリック（brɪk）」と発音します。速い会話では、「exposed brick walls」が「エクスポーズドブリックウォールズ」とつながって発音されることが多いです。
この動画を使ってshadowing siteでの練習や、shadowspeaksの技法を活用することで、自然な英語表現をマスターできます。shadow speakの練習を続けることで、会話の流れや相手の反応を読む能力も向上します。YouTubeで英語学習をするなら、このような実践的な動画を使って、日常会話のスキルを磨きましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。