シャドーイング練習: ENGLISH SPEECH | SUNITA WILLIAMS: Lessons From Space (English Subtitles) - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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After becoming an astronaut, do you view the world from a different angle?
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After becoming an astronaut, do you view the world from a different angle?
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So was it my dream to become an astronaut first and foremost?
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No. You know, when I was growing up,
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I'm so happy we didn't say what year I was born in my introduction,
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but when I was growing up I remember actually seeing the first men walk on the moon.
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And I thought to myself,
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now that would be cool,
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that's what I want to do.
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And it didn't become a reality to become an astronaut,
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like I mentioned earlier, earlier till later when I was a test pilot
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and part of that reality came true because one of the gentlemen
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that was talking his name was John Young
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and he had actually been to the moon twice once landed on it a second time flew around it
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but he mentioned about practicing in some type of vertical landing
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craft to be able to learn how to land on the moon
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and I said oh my gosh I'm a helicopter pilot I already have those skills
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so this is really the first time it dawned on me that I could potentially do this same type of thing.
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And I tell you that because I didn't think about it for a long time until later in life,
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and so I just trekked through my life trying to find the things that I like to do.
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I mentioned that earlier, and I would reemphasize that again.
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If you're interested in being an astronaut,
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we need astronauts from all different fields because there's so much we do up there.
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We're the plumbers, the electricians, the IT guys.
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We're the maintainers, we're the toilet fixers,
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we're the space walkers, we're the scientists.
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And so we need people who have all of those skills to do that.
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So if you're thinking about that,
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you're on the right track.
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And of course, yes, I absolutely view life on this earth.
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I view being able to do whatever you want a lot differently.
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I was not straight-A student in college.
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I had a couple ups and downs in college.
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I had a couple failures as well as a lot of successes.
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And failure is good.
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But what being an astronaut has reminded me is
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that you can do anything you want to do
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if you put your mind to it and have determination and find a path.
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So yes, for sure, I have a different perspective about a lot of things.
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What was your motivation as a child or a student
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that inspired you to move on a path not often undertaken by women?
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I think first of all I didn't think about it that way.
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I just thought of it as something fun to do.
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And my path was not always as straight as it may seem.
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My biography maybe makes things look a little bit like they were straight from one thing to the next,
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but there were a lot of questions along the way.
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So you guys are getting ready to think about what you're going to do in the future, huh?
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I feel locked into something is my one piece of advice.
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I wanted to be a veterinarian when I was growing up.
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I thought for sure I was going to be a veterinarian.
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My father is a doctor.
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Biology is a little bit in our family,
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but I also liked math and physics quite a bit.
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I didn't know what I wanted to do really.
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I just love animals, so I wanted to be a veterinarian.
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I didn't get into my first choices of college,
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so I had to make a second choice about what I wanted to do.
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And the Naval Academy was recommended because my family was pretty athletic and we like camping is what my brother told me.
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I think you like this school because you like camping.
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I said, okay, sure.
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And so that was not my first choice.
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When I was at the Naval Academy,
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I thought I wanted to be a diver because I was a swimmer.
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That seemed very comfortable.
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I didn't get that first choice either.
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So I ended up going to be a pilot.
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When I was a pilot,
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I wanted to fly jets because Top Gun just came out.
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So I thought that was cool.
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And I became a helicopter pilot.
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So the path was not quite straight and it wasn't even until later
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when I was in my mid-20s and I had gone to test pilot school,
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first time I had met an astronaut and knew what astronauts did that I thought,
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wow, you know, I have some of the same things,
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same qualifications that these people have,
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so maybe this is a path that I can take.
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So my point in all of that was my path was not predetermined,
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was not straight, but that's okay.
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I think that's normal for everybody.
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and one of the things that I would leave you with is find something that you like.
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It might take one or two or three tries to figure out what you like,
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but if you find something that you like,
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you'll do it well, and that's most important.
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And I think all of the people who are astronauts,
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not all of them are test pilots.
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We have doctors.
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We actually have a veterinarian.
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We have engineers.
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We have scientists.
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But they're all pretty good at what their fields are because they really enjoy them,
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and then they apply to be astronauts.
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So I would say I never thought about having a career
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that was maybe male dominated and that was maybe even more
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so in the military because they were my teammates
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and we worked together and I think that's more important than singling out somebody for one thing or another.
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So thank you for your question.
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Ma'am, what are the major problems that you face
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when you come back to Earth and how long does it take to regain all your physical abilities?
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We have some, what do you want to say,
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mitigating methods up in space to make sure that people are coming back to Earth as normal as possible.
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There are some things that we can't really totally protect from.
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One of those things is some radiation.
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You know, we are above the atmosphere,
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so we are getting an amount of radiation,
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which is a little bit more than folks get here on Earth.
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We have protective covering on the spacecraft,
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so we do as much as we can while we're out there.
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We have protective covering on our spacesuits.
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So again, we do as much as we can,
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but you do get some radiation and you never can change that.
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But the things that do change is your physiology changes
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which is it's sort of fun actually to watch your body
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change you know things happen like the calluses on your feet start to go away
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because you don't walk you know
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while you're up there my fingernails seem to grow a lot my hair grew a lot
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while I was up there so it's sort of fun to watch all
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that happening no gravity is not taking a toll on you
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I think some of the little wrinkles in your face go away for a couple reasons.
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One, because there's a fluid shift,
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so the fluid comes up to your head.
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But that's just sort of temporary.
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Your spine also expands because of the vertebrae,
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the cartilage between the vertebrae is not having any pressure on it.
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So it makes you a little bit taller while you're up in space.
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But some of those things change when you come back home.
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As soon as you get, you can't escape gravity.
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Once you're here, you're here.
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So you shrink a little bit,
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your back hurts a little bit because you're shrunk back.
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Unfortunately, some of the wrinkles come back, but that's okay.
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That's just life.
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But some of the things that we have to really worry about are bone density and muscle mass, right?
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Because when you're up in space,
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your bones start to leach away right away.
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You don't need, you have this skeletal structure that we have.
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And so essentially, it's advanced osteoporosis.
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It starts to kick in right away for everybody.
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And so to mitigate that,
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We run on the treadmill,
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which you've seen probably pictures of with the harness which holds you down.
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We also do weightlifting, which really helps particularly in the hip area
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and the feet area because we do squat type of exercises with the bar on our back as well as deadlifts.
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And that all helps to regenerate the bone density.
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And then also the cardiovascular with the running on the treadmill and the muscle mass and with the bicycle.
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So all of those things help when we get back.
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So the long answer to your short question is,
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all of
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that new technology with all of those machines allowed most all of us now to come back in pretty good shape.
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So it takes the fluid shift maybe 24 hours or 48 hours
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or so to get back to normal so
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that your blood volume is back to normal so you can actually do more physical fitness, physical exercises.
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but my bone density muscle mass were essentially the same
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and we were able to test that about a week after getting home
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and you could sort of you can see people are the same as
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when they left because we work out so rigorously
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while we're up in space there's also new diets that we're trying
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while we're up there because there's definitely some things
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that are in the diet that will cause bone density issues
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so we we test ourselves right away the first moment we get back about 10 days after we get back,
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two weeks after we get back,
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a month, and then I'm going to have another test at about six months,
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but should be pretty much back to normal within two weeks or so,
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generally back to normal the astronauts lose consciousness during takeoff since it's against gravity
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and high speed makes you feel dizzy did you feel someone
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has taken you by your shoulders lift up is a little
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bit in a spacecraft the way they have us seated
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and the way that the the the gravity force the g kicks in is what we we call a G factor, right?
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How much G, like right now we have one G of gravity pushing on us.
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It's a little bit different than in an airplane that people think about loss of consciousness in an airplane with somebody,
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what they call pulls too many Gs.
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Sometimes you have loss of consciousness.
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And the reason for that is the blood is draining from your head and that will make you lose consciousness.
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In a spacecraft, the way we are seated and the way that the G kicks in is,
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like I mentioned, it pushes down here on your chest.
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So it makes it a little bit harder to breathe because it's pushing your lungs down,
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but it doesn't pull the blood out of your head.
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So no, none of us lost consciousness on takeoff or even landing for that matter.
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You can have a abnormal landing.
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We call it ballistic landing,
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which is a down mode from the normal type of landing,
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and in that case, the G level can get up to about 8 or 9,
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so that's pretty extreme.
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And we've had a couple people who have had that experience.
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It's not a bad mode of the spacecraft,
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the Soyuz, it's just a down-moding,
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just not acting normally, but it's not anything bad,
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it's just how it's designed.
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It's aerodynamically designed to do that, and it's fully survivable.
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But in that case, that was a little bit excessive pressure.
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If you can imagine, eight times gravity is pushing down on you.
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It's pretty huge.
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But it's not for a long period of time.
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And we test this out so we all know what
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that feels like by riding in a centrifuge in Star City outside of Moscow where we do the training.
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We're in a centrifuge and we go through the whole landing profile with
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that number of G's so you can feel what it's like.
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So no loss of conscious under normal launch or landing.
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A ballistic might have some impacts.
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Everything's in one place community.englishspeeches.ca Let's speak English.
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Together.
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このビデオで話す練習をする理由
Sunita Williamsのスピーチから、宇宙飛行士としての経験や人生観について学ぶことができます。このビデオでは、世界を異なる視点で見るというテーマが強調されています。英語を学ぶ際、このような生のスピーチを通じて、実際の会話の流れや自然な表現を学ぶことができます。また、様々な職業に触れる内容は、英語を使う場面が多様であることを理解する手助けになり、あなたの表現力を広げる手助けとなります。特に、shadow speech（影のスピーチ）技法を使って、発音やイントネーションの向上を図ることができます。
文法と表現のコンテキスト
ビデオ内で使われているいくつかの重要な文構造や表現を分析しましょう。
- I didn't think about it for a long time. - 還暦以降の自己発見を示す表現。状況に応じて適した文を作るための練習に役立ちます。
- If you're interested in being an astronaut, we need astronauts from all different fields. - ここでは条件文を使って、他の職業の背景が宇宙飛行士にとっても重要であることが示されています。条件の表現を強化する練習に最適です。
- What being an astronaut has reminded me is that you can do anything you want to do if you put your mind to it. - 「あなたが本気を出せば何でもできる」といった感覚を表現する文です。この表現の理解は、動機付けや目標設定において重要です。
一般的な発音の罠
スピーチの中にはいくつかの発音上のトラップも存在します。特に注目すべき単語やアクセントの問題を以下に挙げます。
- astronaut - アストロノートの発音は特に注意が必要で、アクセントの置き方が正確でないと理解されないことがあります。
- determination - この単語は長い音を持ちますので、タイトな発音を意識しましょう。
- veterinarian - 獣医の意味を持つこの単語は、音節が多く、正確に発音するためには多くの練習が必要です。
これらの単語をリピートしたり、英語の発音を良くするために影のスピーチテクニックを活用することで、発音を改善し、流暢さを向上させることができます。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。