シャドーイング練習: Every Laws of Power Explained in 7 Minutes - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
B2
Never outshine the master.
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Never outshine the master.
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Make the people above you feel comfortably superior.
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When you outshine your masters and bosses, you will inspire fear and insecurity and they will want to punish you.
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Don't put too much trust in friends.
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Learn to use your enemies.
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Be wary of friends, they will betray you more quickly, for they are easily aroused to envy.
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They also become spoiled and tyrannical.
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But hire a former enemy and he will be more loyal than a friend because he has more to prove.
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Conceal your intentions.
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Never let people know your true intentions.
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If they don't know what you are up to, they can't defend from it.
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Say less than necessary.
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Powerful people impress and intimidate by talking little.
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You don't learn anything new by talking and the more you speak, the higher the chances you'll say something foolish.
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So much depends on your reputation.
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Guard it with your life.
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Reputation is the cornerstone of power.
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Through reputation alone you can intimidate and win.
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Once it slips, however, you are vulnerable and will be attacked.
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Horde attention at all costs.
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Everything is judged by its appearance.
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What is unseen counts for nothing.
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Never let yourself get lost in the crowd then, or buried in oblivion.
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Let others do the work, but always take the credit.
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At work, task your underlings and present the results to your superiors as if they were yours.
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Make other people come to you.
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Use bait if necessary.
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When you make the others act, you're in control.
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Let them come to you.
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Let them abandon their own plans and then attack.
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Win through actions, never through argument.
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Actions speak louder than words.
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Infection.
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Avoid the unhappy and unlucky.
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Emotional states are contagious, be they positive or negative.
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Learn to keep people dependent on you.
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Be the only one who can do what you do or see yourself replaced in fear sooner or later.
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Use selective honesty and generosity to disarm your victims.
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Be generous and honest once and manipulate them once their guard is down.
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One good act of honesty can cover a dozen dishonest ones.
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Appeal to self-interest, never to mercy or gratitude.
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Don't get people to do things for you by reminding them of what you've done for them in the past.
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Pose as a friend, work as a spy.
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Use spies to gather valuable information that will keep you a step ahead.
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Crush your enemy totally, such as Candidate launches a propaganda campaign highlighting perceived weaknesses and scandals related to another candidate,
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damaging their reputation in the eyes of the public.
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Use absence to increase respect and honor.
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Too much of anything will decrease your value.
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Keep others in suspended terror.
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Cultivate an air of unpredictability.
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Your unpredictability will keep others off balance, and if you take it to an extreme, this strategy can intimidate and terrorize.
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Do not build fortresses.
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Isolation is dangerous.
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A fortress might seem the safest option, but the opposite is true.
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Know who you're dealing with.
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Do not offend the wrong person.
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Choose your victims and opponents carefully then and never offend or deceive the wrong one.
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Don't commit to anyone.
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By maintaining your independence, you become the master of others.
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Play a sucker to catch a sucker.
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Seem dumber than your mark.
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Make your victims feel like they are smarter than you are.
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They will feel better around you.
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They will never suspect you are up to mischief and they will keep their guard down.
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Use the surrender tactic.
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Transform weakness into power.
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Never fight just for honor's sake when you know you'll be beaten.
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Concentrate your forces.
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Focus on one goal.
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Too many goals cause conflict.
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Play the perfect courtier.
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The perfect courtier has mastered the art of indirection.
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He flatters, yields to superiors, and asserts power over others in the most oblique and graceful manner.
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Recreate yourself.
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Don't accept the identity the people around you choose for you.
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Keep your hands clean.
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Maintain a spotless appearance and never allow yourself to be mired by mistakes or scandals.
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Play on people's need to create a cult-like following.
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People want to believe in something.
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Be that person who gives them something to believe in, offers them a cause, a new faith.
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Enter action with boldness.
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Everyone admires the bold, nobody likes the timid.
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Plan all the way to the end.
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The end is all that matters.
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Be sure to plan all the way until you reach your desired outcome.
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Make your accomplishments seem effortless.
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Act effortlessly as if you could do much more, and people will be in awe of your natural talent.
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Control the options, get others to play with the cards you deal.
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The best deception is in making people feel like it was their choice.
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Play to people's fantasies, the truth is often avoided, because it is ugly and unpleasant.
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Never appeal to truth and reality unless you are prepared for the anger that comes from disenchantment.
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Discover each man's thumbscrew.
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Everyone has a button and a hidden weakness that you can use to your advantage advantage.
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Be royal in your own fashion.
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Act like a king to be treated like one.
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Act like you want to be treated and eventually people will come to treat you the way you want.
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Master the art of timing.
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Never seem in a hurry as it communicates you're at the mercy of events and forces outside of yourself.
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Disdain things you cannot have, ignoring is the best revenge.
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By acknowledging the problem, you make it stronger by giving it attention and credibility.
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Create compelling spectacles.
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Dashy imagery and symbolic gestures create an aura of power.
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Those around you will be drawn and distracted by your flashy spectacles and not notice what you're really up to.
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Think as you like but behave like others.
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If you flaunt your ways of going against the crowd, people will feel you look down on them and you're an attention seeker.
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They will punish you for trying to make them feel like sheep.
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Stir up waters to catch fish.
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Make your enemy angry and worked up as you always maintain your cool.
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It's easier to induce people into mistakes when they're angry and emotional.
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Despise the free lunch.
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What is offered for free is dangerous.
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It usually involves either a trick or a hidden obligation.
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What has worth is worth paying for.
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By paying your own way, you stay clear of gratitude, guilt, and deceit.
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Avoid stepping into a great man's shoes.
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Don't follow in the footsteps of great leaders and don't follow their path.
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Build your name and identity by changing instead.
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Strike the shepherd and the sheep will scatter.
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The source of your problems can often traced back to a single strong person.
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If you allow these people the freedom to move, they will keep stirring trouble and possibly rally the crowd against you.
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Do not let those people time pester, but strike them hard at once, the sheep will scatter after them.
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Work on the hearts and minds of others.
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Coercion creates a reaction that will eventually work against you.
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You must seduce others into wanting to move in your direction.
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A person you have seduced becomes your loyal pawn.
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Disarm and infuriate with the mirror effect.
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Mirror your enemies, do what they do, and they won't be able to figure out your strategy.
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You can make them angry and make them overreact with the mirror effect, or you can dupe them into believing you share their values.
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Preach the need for change, but never reform it once.
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When you're new to power then, make a show of respecting the old way of doing things, and if change is needed, do it slowly.
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Make it feel like a gentle improvement over the past.
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Never appear too perfect.
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Appearing better than others is dangerous, and the most dangerous is appearing perfect.
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It creates envy that will create silent enemies.
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Don't go past the mark you aimed for.
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Learn when to stop.
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Learn when to stop.
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When we're riding the high wave of victory, arrogance, and overconfidence can easily push us past the goal we had settled for.
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And when you go too far, you make more enemies than you can defeat.
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Assume formlessness.
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Never bet on stability and lasting order.
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Everything changes.
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このビデオでは、権力の法則について簡潔に説明されています。権力のダイナミクスを理解することは、言語学習においても非常に重要です。この知識を活用することで、英語を話す際の自信を高め、より効果的なコミュニケーションを図ることができます。特に、ビジネスシーンや日常会話において対人関係を正しくナビゲートするために、この情報は役立ちます。
日常コミュニケーションのためのトップ5フレーズ
- 「マスターを出し抜かないこと」：上司や権威を持つ人々の気分を上げることが重要です。
- 「友人には過度に信頼しない」：時に友人よりも敵の方が忠実になることがあります。
- 「意図を隠す」：自身の本当の意図を知られないようにすることが効果的です。
- 「必要以上に話さないこと」：言葉よりも行動が大切です。
- 「評判を守る」：評判は権力の基盤です。これを大切にしましょう。
ステップバイステップシャドーイングガイド
このビデオの内容は、少々難解さを伴いますが、効果的なシャドースピーチの練習を通じて克服できます。以下のステップに従って、英語の発音を良くし、IELTS スピーキング対策にも役立てましょう。
- リスニング: まず、ビデオの内容を一度通して聞いて、全体の流れを把握しましょう。
- フレーズを選ぶ: 上記のトップ5フレーズをメモし、それぞれの意味を理解します。
- シャドーイング: ビデオを再生しながら、話し手の言葉を繰り返します。最初は短い部分から始め、徐々に長いフレーズに挑戦します。
- 録音: 自分の声を録音して、発音やイントネーションを確認します。
- フィードバック: 自分の録音を聞き返し、改善点を見つけてください。他の学習者と共有してフィードバックをもらうのも効果的です。
このプロセスを繰り返すことで、あなたのシャドースピーチが向上し、自信を持って英語を話せるようになるでしょう。ぜひ実践してみてください！
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。