シャドーイング練習: Everything You Didn't Know About Fluorescent Animals - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Inside this box is...
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Inside this box is...
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The skull of a rat.
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If I place this rat skull underneath a UV blacklight, nothing will happen.
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But I have another skull, and something different will happen with this one.
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This is a squirrel skull.
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And if I place this skull under a UV black light, something very unusual happens.
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Ultraviolet light hits the squirrel skull and is absorbed by special compounds called porphyrins.
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After absorbing the UV light, the porphyrins gain a ton of energy, which they release as a different kind of light.
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Notice how the released light has a longer wavelength than the UV light.
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That means instead of being invisible UV light, it's visible light.
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That's pink.
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Here's what the rat skull looks like.
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This is what most bones look like under a a UV light.
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But here's what a squirrel skull looks like.
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It's pink.
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When things do this, we say they're fluorescent.
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Squirrels are fluorescent pink under UV lights.
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Well, just their insides, actually.
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But there are many other fluorescent animals that glow on the outside.
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To find our next fluorescent animal will take a trip to the desert.
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Ah, what a nice view.
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What was that?
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Over there.
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A scorpion.
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Now, if we place a scorpion under a UV blacklight, Just like the squirrel, something unusual happens.
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Ultraviolet light hits the scorpion's exoskeleton, is absorbed, then released back into the world at a different wavelength that we can see.
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This is just like the squirrel skulls, but there's one big difference.
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Notice how the light released by the scorpion has a shorter wavelength than the light released by the squirrel.
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Well that means instead of glowing pink like a squirrel skull the scorpion will glow a different color.
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It's green.
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There aren't any scorpions that live around me but I bet we can still find some fluorescent animals outside using this.
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This is a special flashlight.
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Take a look at the top.
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You see those bulbs?
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Those are a bunch of UV light bulbs.
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This is a UV flashlight.
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So let's go outside and search for some fluorescent animals.
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It's nighttime.
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Let's search in this forest.
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You never know what you'll find out here at night.
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So I found a few very fluorescent animals.
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We'll start with this one.
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This is a caterpillar.
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But what kind?
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Notice the white slashes on the caterpillar's side.
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They kind of go right up to the caterpillar's spiracles, those holes that they breathe out of.
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Then, look here on the end.
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There's a long extension on the caterpillar's backside Like a horn, almost If you come across a caterpillar with white slashes And a long horn on its rear end It's likely
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A tobacco hornworm caterpillar These can eat up your tomato plants throughout the summer But this was the star of the walk.
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No other plant glowed like this in the entire forest.
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So what plant is it?
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Alright, I got it.
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So notice how the leaf is shaped like a heart.
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All of the veins start at one point, and the surface of the leaf is kind of shiny and waxy.
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This is a vine called Smilax.
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But there's something strange about this fluorescence.
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Can you tell what it is?
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Squirrel skulls, scorpions, hornworms, they fluoresce everywhere.
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But Smilax only fluoresces in some places.
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Let's take a closer look.
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Do you notice how the most fluorescent parts of the leaf are the veins?
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Smilax doesn't have fluorescent compounds all over its entire surface, like a scorpion.
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Instead, its fluorescent compounds are concentrated in its veins.
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And that's why it looks like a Jackson Pollock painting.
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All of these organisms are naturally fluorescent.
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But scientists have created fluorescent animals too.
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To find out how, we'll take a trip into the ocean.
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This is a crystal jellyfish.
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Inside these jellyfish are a bunch of special proteins that fluoresce.
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of like porphyrins on squirrels.
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So under a UV light, crystal jellyfish naturally glow green.
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In the 1990s, scientists looked at the crystal jelly's DNA and found the specific sequence that made those special glowing proteins.
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Then they cut it out and added it into the DNA of...
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a zebrafish.
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Normal zebrafish look like this under a UV light.
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But the new fish that they created with a tiny bit of jellyfish DNA looked like this.
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It glowed green.
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The scientists had created a brand new fluorescent green fish.
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Naturally, they were very excited, so they did the same thing with fluorescent coral and sea anemones.
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They sliced out pieces of of their DNA and put them into fish.
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So the fish fluoresced too.
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And that's how they created fluorescent fish that look like this.
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このビデオで話す練習をする理由
このビデオでは、UV光の下で蛍光動物がどのように光るかについて説明しています。特に、視覚的な要素を取り入れることで、聞き手は内容に引き込まれます。このようなユニークなテーマは、英語の会話において非常に興味深い話題となり、スピーキング能力を向上させることができます。様々な動物の特徴について話し合うことで、IELTS スピーキング対策にも役立ちます。また、この内容を通じて生物学的な語彙を学ぶことができ、会話の幅を広げるチャンスです。
文法とコンテキストにおける表現
以下は、ビデオ内で使用されている重要な文法構造や表現です：
- フレーズの使用："under a UV blacklight"や"release back into the world"といった具体的なフレーズは、視覚的な要素を強調し、シンプルながらも説明的です。
- 比較構文："this is just like the squirrel skulls, but there's one big difference"のような比較表現は、聴き手に違いを理解させる効果があります。
- 入れ替えの表現："what was that?" のような疑問文は、会話を自然に進行させ、興味を引きつける要素となります。
一般的な発音の罠
このビデオにおいて、特に注意が必要な発音のポイントがあります。
- fluorescentのような専門的な単語は、発音が難しいので、繰り返し聞くことで慣れる必要があります。
- squirrelの発音は、日本語にはない音が含まれているため、注意が必要です。影のスピーチの練習を通じて、正しいアクセントを習得しましょう。
- exoskeletonのように長い単語は、セクションごとに区切って発音することが有効です。
これらの要素に注目することで、英語の発音を良くすることができ、より流暢な会話ができるようになります。話す練習をする際に、ビデオの内容を反復することで、あなたのスキルを高めることができます。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。