Pratique du Shadowing: Everything You Didn't Know About Fluorescent Animals - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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96 phrases
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Inside this box is...
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The skull of a rat.
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If I place this rat skull underneath a UV blacklight, nothing will happen.
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But I have another skull, and something different will happen with this one.
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This is a squirrel skull.
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And if I place this skull under a UV black light, something very unusual happens.
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Ultraviolet light hits the squirrel skull and is absorbed by special compounds called porphyrins.
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After absorbing the UV light, the porphyrins gain a ton of energy, which they release as a different kind of light.
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Notice how the released light has a longer wavelength than the UV light.
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That means instead of being invisible UV light, it's visible light.
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That's pink.
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Here's what the rat skull looks like.
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This is what most bones look like under a a UV light.
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But here's what a squirrel skull looks like.
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It's pink.
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When things do this, we say they're fluorescent.
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Squirrels are fluorescent pink under UV lights.
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Well, just their insides, actually.
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But there are many other fluorescent animals that glow on the outside.
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To find our next fluorescent animal will take a trip to the desert.
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Ah, what a nice view.
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What was that?
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Over there.
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A scorpion.
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Now, if we place a scorpion under a UV blacklight, Just like the squirrel, something unusual happens.
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Ultraviolet light hits the scorpion's exoskeleton, is absorbed, then released back into the world at a different wavelength that we can see.
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This is just like the squirrel skulls, but there's one big difference.
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Notice how the light released by the scorpion has a shorter wavelength than the light released by the squirrel.
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Well that means instead of glowing pink like a squirrel skull the scorpion will glow a different color.
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It's green.
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There aren't any scorpions that live around me but I bet we can still find some fluorescent animals outside using this.
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This is a special flashlight.
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Take a look at the top.
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You see those bulbs?
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Those are a bunch of UV light bulbs.
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This is a UV flashlight.
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So let's go outside and search for some fluorescent animals.
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It's nighttime.
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Let's search in this forest.
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So I found a few very fluorescent animals.
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We'll start with this one.
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This is a caterpillar.
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But what kind?
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Notice the white slashes on the caterpillar's side.
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They kind of go right up to the caterpillar's spiracles, those holes that they breathe out of.
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Then, look here on the end.
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There's a long extension on the caterpillar's backside Like a horn, almost If you come across a caterpillar with white slashes And a long horn on its rear end It's likely
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A tobacco hornworm caterpillar These can eat up your tomato plants throughout the summer But this was the star of the walk.
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No other plant glowed like this in the entire forest.
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So what plant is it?
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Alright, I got it.
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So notice how the leaf is shaped like a heart.
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All of the veins start at one point, and the surface of the leaf is kind of shiny and waxy.
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This is a vine called Smilax.
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But there's something strange about this fluorescence.
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Can you tell what it is?
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Squirrel skulls, scorpions, hornworms, they fluoresce everywhere.
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But Smilax only fluoresces in some places.
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Let's take a closer look.
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Do you notice how the most fluorescent parts of the leaf are the veins?
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Smilax doesn't have fluorescent compounds all over its entire surface, like a scorpion.
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Instead, its fluorescent compounds are concentrated in its veins.
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And that's why it looks like a Jackson Pollock painting.
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All of these organisms are naturally fluorescent.
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But scientists have created fluorescent animals too.
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To find out how, we'll take a trip into the ocean.
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This is a crystal jellyfish.
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Inside these jellyfish are a bunch of special proteins that fluoresce.
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of like porphyrins on squirrels.
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So under a UV light, crystal jellyfish naturally glow green.
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In the 1990s, scientists looked at the crystal jelly's DNA and found the specific sequence that made those special glowing proteins.
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Then they cut it out and added it into the DNA of...
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a zebrafish.
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Normal zebrafish look like this under a UV light.
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But the new fish that they created with a tiny bit of jellyfish DNA looked like this.
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It glowed green.
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The scientists had created a brand new fluorescent green fish.
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Naturally, they were very excited, so they did the same thing with fluorescent coral and sea anemones.
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They sliced out pieces of of their DNA and put them into fish.
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So the fish fluoresced too.
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And that's how they created fluorescent fish that look like this.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Everything You Didn't Know About Fluorescent Animals ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : fluorescent, skull, squirrel, scorpion, Cyberghost. Cette vidéo contient 96 phrases et 995 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 9:54. Le locuteur parle lentement, environ 101 mots par minute, ce qui laisse le temps d’imiter chaque son. Seuls 76 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| fluorescent adjectif | /flɔˈɹɛsənt/ | fluorescent |
| squirrel nom | /ˈskwɪ.ɹ(ə)l/ | écureuil, écureuille |
| scorpion nom | /ˈskɔɹ.pi.ən/ | scorpion |
| glow verbe | /ɡloʊ/ | briller, luire |
| jellyfish nom | /ˈd͡ʒɛliˌfɪʃ/ | méduse |
| caterpillar nom | /ˈkætɚˌpɪlɚ/ | chenille |
| wavelength nom | /ˈweɪvˌlɛŋ(k)θ/ | longueur d'onde |
| vein nom | /veɪn/ | veine |
| absorb verbe | /æbˈsɔɹb/ | absorber |
| flashlight nom | /ˈflæʃˌlaɪt/ | lampe de poche, lampe torche |
| ultraviolet adjectif | /ˌʌltɹəˈvaɪələt/ | ultraviolet |
| bulb nom | /ˈbʌlb/ | bulbe |
| skull nom | /ˈskʌl/ | crâne |
| anemone nom | /əˈnɛməni/ | anémone |
| backside nom | /ˈbækˌsaɪd/ | arrière |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| find out verbe | découvrir, savoir |
| come across verbe | avoir l'air de |
| eat up verbe | dévorer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- When things do this, we say they're fluorescent.
- You see those bulbs?
- Let's search in this forest.
- If you're interested, give it a try.
- Can you tell what it is?
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 8 contractions et formes réduites, comme we'll, aren't, doesn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: wavelength /ˈweɪvˌlɛŋ(k)θ/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: jellyfish /ˈd͡ʒɛliˌfɪʃ/, flashlight /ˈflæʃˌlaɪt/, zebrafish /ˈziːbɹəˌfɪʃ/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: caterpillar /ˈkætɚˌpɪlɚ/, ultraviolet /ˌʌltɹəˈvaɪələt/, anemone /əˈnɛməni/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: fluorescent /flɔˈɹɛsənt/, squirrel /ˈskwɪ.ɹ(ə)l/, scorpion /ˈskɔɹ.pi.ən/, fluoresce /fləˈɹɛs/, porphyrin /ˈpɔɹfəɹɪn/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme fluorescent, squirrel, scorpion.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.