跟讀練習: Everything You Didn't Know About Fluorescent Animals - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Inside this box is...
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The skull of a rat.
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If I place this rat skull underneath a UV blacklight, nothing will happen.
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But I have another skull, and something different will happen with this one.
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This is a squirrel skull.
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And if I place this skull under a UV black light, something very unusual happens.
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Ultraviolet light hits the squirrel skull and is absorbed by special compounds called porphyrins.
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After absorbing the UV light, the porphyrins gain a ton of energy, which they release as a different kind of light.
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Notice how the released light has a longer wavelength than the UV light.
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That means instead of being invisible UV light, it's visible light.
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That's pink.
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Here's what the rat skull looks like.
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This is what most bones look like under a a UV light.
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But here's what a squirrel skull looks like.
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It's pink.
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When things do this, we say they're fluorescent.
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Squirrels are fluorescent pink under UV lights.
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Well, just their insides, actually.
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But there are many other fluorescent animals that glow on the outside.
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To find our next fluorescent animal will take a trip to the desert.
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Ah, what a nice view.
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What was that?
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Over there.
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A scorpion.
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Now, if we place a scorpion under a UV blacklight, Just like the squirrel, something unusual happens.
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Ultraviolet light hits the scorpion's exoskeleton, is absorbed, then released back into the world at a different wavelength that we can see.
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This is just like the squirrel skulls, but there's one big difference.
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Notice how the light released by the scorpion has a shorter wavelength than the light released by the squirrel.
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Well that means instead of glowing pink like a squirrel skull the scorpion will glow a different color.
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It's green.
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There aren't any scorpions that live around me but I bet we can still find some fluorescent animals outside using this.
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This is a special flashlight.
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Take a look at the top.
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You see those bulbs?
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Those are a bunch of UV light bulbs.
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This is a UV flashlight.
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So let's go outside and search for some fluorescent animals.
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It's nighttime.
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Let's search in this forest.
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You never know what you'll find out here at night.
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So I found a few very fluorescent animals.
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We'll start with this one.
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This is a caterpillar.
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But what kind?
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Notice the white slashes on the caterpillar's side.
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They kind of go right up to the caterpillar's spiracles, those holes that they breathe out of.
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Then, look here on the end.
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There's a long extension on the caterpillar's backside Like a horn, almost If you come across a caterpillar with white slashes And a long horn on its rear end It's likely
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A tobacco hornworm caterpillar These can eat up your tomato plants throughout the summer But this was the star of the walk.
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No other plant glowed like this in the entire forest.
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So what plant is it?
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Alright, I got it.
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So notice how the leaf is shaped like a heart.
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All of the veins start at one point, and the surface of the leaf is kind of shiny and waxy.
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This is a vine called Smilax.
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But there's something strange about this fluorescence.
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Can you tell what it is?
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Squirrel skulls, scorpions, hornworms, they fluoresce everywhere.
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But Smilax only fluoresces in some places.
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Let's take a closer look.
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Do you notice how the most fluorescent parts of the leaf are the veins?
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Smilax doesn't have fluorescent compounds all over its entire surface, like a scorpion.
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Instead, its fluorescent compounds are concentrated in its veins.
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And that's why it looks like a Jackson Pollock painting.
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All of these organisms are naturally fluorescent.
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But scientists have created fluorescent animals too.
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To find out how, we'll take a trip into the ocean.
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This is a crystal jellyfish.
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Inside these jellyfish are a bunch of special proteins that fluoresce.
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of like porphyrins on squirrels.
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So under a UV light, crystal jellyfish naturally glow green.
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In the 1990s, scientists looked at the crystal jelly's DNA and found the specific sequence that made those special glowing proteins.
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Then they cut it out and added it into the DNA of...
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a zebrafish.
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Normal zebrafish look like this under a UV light.
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But the new fish that they created with a tiny bit of jellyfish DNA looked like this.
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It glowed green.
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The scientists had created a brand new fluorescent green fish.
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Naturally, they were very excited, so they did the same thing with fluorescent coral and sea anemones.
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They sliced out pieces of of their DNA and put them into fish.
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So the fish fluoresced too.
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And that's how they created fluorescent fish that look like this.
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本課概述
在這節課中，學習者將通過觀看有關熒光動物的影片，練習英語口語和聽力。影片以有趣的方式介紹了熒光動物的特性，幫助學習者理解科學術語，並在說話中應用這些知識。通過分析影片內容，學習者能夠提高他們的發音和口語流利度，特別是在科學話題方面。
關鍵詞彙與短語
- 熒光 (Fluorescent)
- 紫外線 (Ultraviolet light)
- 骨骼 (Skull)
- 外骨骼 (Exoskeleton)
- 波長 (Wavelength)
- 釋放 (Release)
- 能量 (Energy)
- 可見光 (Visible light)
練習技巧
為了充分利用影片內容並提升你的英語口語能力，請嘗試使用影子跟讀技巧。影片中的語速較快，但你可以通過重複跟讀來掌握節奏。首先，聆聽每段話，確保你理解所表達的意思，然後嘗試跟隨說話者的語音和語調。如果你感覺內容太快，可以先暫停影片，反覆播放較難的部分。當你準備好後，嘗試大聲朗讀並模仿影片中的發音。通過這種方式，你將有助於提高你的英語發音和整體口語流利度。建議在觀看影片的同時使用英語影子跟讀網站，幫助你進行更加高效的練習。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。