シャドーイング練習: How to pronounce past tense endings - a Mini English Lesson - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Mini English Lessons Today's Mini English Lesson is about how to pronounce -ed endings.
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These are common on regular past simple verbs, regular past participles, and also lots of adjectives.
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When you see an -ed ending, there are three different possible pronunciations, and we can divide these into two main categories.
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Here are some verbs from the first category.
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Want becomes wanted.
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Need becomes needed.
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In this category, we add a syllable when we pronounce it.
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So to 'want', a one syllable word, we add /ɪd/, making a two syllable word.
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Wanted. The same for need, one syllable, we add /ɪd/, needed.
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Here are some other verbs in this category: wait, waited, recommend, recommended. Can you see the pattern?
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All of these verbs end with 'd' or 't'.
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If the final letter of the verb is d or t, you can add a syllable in the past simple.
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You add /ɪd/.
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That's the first category. Let's look at the second category.
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Here are some example verbs: play - played, live - lived.
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With these verbs, we do not add another syllable.
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If you say /pleɪed/, it's wrong.
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Remember, the only verbs that add an extra syllable end in 't' or 'd'.
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All other verbs, they keep the same number of syllables.
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Close is one syllable, and the past is closed, still one syllable.
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Focus is two syllables and the past is focussed. Still two syllables.
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But there is a little difference in this category.
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We don't add an extra syllable, but we do add an extra sound to make the past simple.
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And for this, you have two options.
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The sound could be /d/ or /t/.
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Let's compare those two verbs again, close and focus.
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The verb focus ends with a /s/ sound, like a snake.
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When you say /s/, if you put your hand here, you can't feel it.
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/s/ This means it is unvoiced.
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For the verb close, it ends with a /z/.
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When you say /z/, if you put your hand here, you can feel it.
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/z/ And that means it is voiced.
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So we have /s/ unvoiced, /z/ voiced.
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If the sound is unvoiced, like /s/ then we add a /t/ sound to make the past.
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Focus, focussed.
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If the sound is voiced, /z/, we add a /d/ sound to make the past.
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Close, closed.
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The only important thing is not to add an extra syllable unless the verb ends in t or d.
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In all other cases, keep the same number of syllables and just add the sound /t/ or /d/.
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So I hope you enjoyed the video and that you got everything you needed. Bye.
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「How to pronounce past tense endings - a Mini English Lesson」を使って、シャドーイングで英語を練習しましょう。
毎日15〜30分の練習で、IELTSスピーキングへの自信と実践的な英会話力が身につきます。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。