쉐도잉 연습: How to pronounce past tense endings - a Mini English Lesson - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

Mini English Lessons Today's Mini English Lesson is about how to pronounce -ed endings.

These are common on regular past simple verbs, regular past participles, and also lots of adjectives.

When you see an -ed ending, there are three different possible pronunciations, and we can divide these into two main categories.

Here are some verbs from the first category.

Want becomes wanted.

Need becomes needed.

In this category, we add a syllable when we pronounce it.

So to 'want', a one syllable word, we add /ɪd/, making a two syllable word.

Wanted. The same for need, one syllable, we add /ɪd/, needed.

Here are some other verbs in this category: wait, waited, recommend, recommended. Can you see the pattern?

All of these verbs end with 'd' or 't'.

If the final letter of the verb is d or t, you can add a syllable in the past simple.

You add /ɪd/.

That's the first category. Let's look at the second category.

Here are some example verbs: play - played, live - lived.

With these verbs, we do not add another syllable.

If you say /pleɪed/, it's wrong.

Remember, the only verbs that add an extra syllable end in 't' or 'd'.

All other verbs, they keep the same number of syllables.

Close is one syllable, and the past is closed, still one syllable.

Focus is two syllables and the past is focussed. Still two syllables.

But there is a little difference in this category.

We don't add an extra syllable, but we do add an extra sound to make the past simple.

And for this, you have two options.

The sound could be /d/ or /t/.

Let's compare those two verbs again, close and focus.

The verb focus ends with a /s/ sound, like a snake.

When you say /s/, if you put your hand here, you can't feel it.

/s/ This means it is unvoiced.

For the verb close, it ends with a /z/.

When you say /z/, if you put your hand here, you can feel it.

/z/ And that means it is voiced.

So we have /s/ unvoiced, /z/ voiced.

If the sound is unvoiced, like /s/ then we add a /t/ sound to make the past.

Focus, focussed.

If the sound is voiced, /z/, we add a /d/ sound to make the past.

Close, closed.

The only important thing is not to add an extra syllable unless the verb ends in t or d.

In all other cases, keep the same number of syllables and just add the sound /t/ or /d/.

So I hope you enjoyed the video and that you got everything you needed. Bye.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

쉐도잉 연습: How to pronounce past tense endings - a Mini English Lesson - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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