シャドーイング練習: Research in the area around the Chembe Bird Sanctuary: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (practice test) - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Part 4.
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Part 4.
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You will hear part of an environmental science lecture about the impact of birds of prey on a farming community in Africa.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Thank you. to 40.
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We've been looking at different types of conflicts that may arise between wildlife and humans at the boundaries of protected areas,
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such as national parks and animal sanctuaries.
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I'd like to illustrate this by telling you about some research
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that I've been involved in recently in the Central African country of Zambia in the area around the Chembe Bird sanctuary,
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which contains over 300 of the listed birds of Zambia.
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These include a number of birds of prey,
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such as eagles, hawks and owls,
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that live by hunting and killing other birds and animals.
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Now, most of the people living in the local communities near to the bird sanctuary are small-scale farmers,
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and these birds of prey provide important social and ecological benefits to them.
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For example, a lot of damage can be caused to farmers' crops by rodents,
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such as rats, which would consume the crops as they grow in the fields,
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as well as after harvesting if they weren't hunted and killed by the birds.
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And the predatory habits of these birds also protect farmers in other ways.
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For example, a major danger to rural workers is snakes,
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whose bite may be dangerous or even fatal,
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and birds of prey have a major role in keeping their populations under control.
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Local people have always been aware of these benefits,
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and for years, even before the sanctuary was opened in 1973,
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the birds played a key role in the culture of the region.
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However, more recently, the sanctuary
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and its birds have also become increasingly important to the community in economic terms
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because at present after a relatively slow start
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tourism has become an important source of revenue for them however
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although these birds of prey are protected by the government their numbers are falling some of these deaths are accidental
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fatalities occur when birds are light on roads to catch and eat their prey and are hit by fast moving traffic.
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Drivers in Zambia have to take special care at night,
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as birds may regard the quieter roads as safe places to sleep.
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Accidental deaths may also occur if these birds fly close to high-voltage power lines,
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as they may be electrocuted.
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This is a particular danger in the heavy rain,
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which can occur in the region in the months from December to April.
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And local farmers also pose a threat to these birds.
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As well as growing crops,
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small-scale farmers in the area also rear chickens.
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These provide food for the farmer's families,
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as well as being an important source of income.
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But they're also an easy target for birds of prey,
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and so farmers may shoot these birds,
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which is illegal but understandable,
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or they may poison the birds,
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which again is illegal and can have negative effects on the ecosystem.
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So how else can farmers protect their chickens from birds of prey?
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Some people believe that to prevent the predators from settling near the area where the chickens are kept,
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it's best to keep this area free from vegetation.
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But in fact, this is counterproductive,
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as it means the chickens have no cover to hide in,
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and they'll be easier for the birds to see.
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Another possibility would be to prevent the chickens from going outside at all
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And to keep them safe from predators inside a building
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But this would cost far too much to be a practical solution
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Nearly all the farmers reported that they spent a lot of time
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and effort Trying to frighten off the birds of prey without actually harming them
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Most of the farmers had at least one dog and said this was a big help at scaring away the predators.
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Some of the farmers also reported that during the breeding season,
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when the chickens were particularly vulnerable,
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they encouraged their children to watch over the chickens
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and to hit pans with a metal spoon so
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that the resulting noise would succeed in driving away birds that were trying to seize the young chicks.
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None of these methods was 100% effective,
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so as a result, the village people told us that rather than just using one method,
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they were forced to use a combination for them to have any effect.
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And even so, these birds of prey remain a major threat to the chickens' survival and cause considerable economic loss to farmers.
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So, we looked at the possibility of a longer-term solution to...
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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コンテキストと背景
このビデオは、アフリカの農業コミュニティにおける猛禽類の影響についての環境科学の講義の一部を紹介しています。特に、ザンビアのChembe鳥類保護区周辺での研究成果が語られており、地元の小規模農家と猛禽類の関係がどのように彼らの生活に影響を与えるかに焦点が当てられています。この内容は、英語のリスニングとスピーキングの練習に非常に役立ちます。
日常会話に役立つトップ5のフレーズ
- 「これらの猛禽類は重要な社会的および生態的利益を提供します。」
- 「農作物は、ネズミなどの害虫によって被害を受けることがあります。」
- 「猛禽類の捕食行動は、農家を守る役割を果たします。」
- 「観光は彼らにとって重要な収入源となっています。」
- 「農家は鶏を育てることもあります。」
ステップバイステップのシャドウイングガイド
このビデオを使って英語スピーキング練習を行うためには、以下のステップに従ってください。
- ビデオを視聴し、内容を把握する：まず最初に、ビデオを通して一度視聴し、全体の流れを理解しましょう。特に、猛禽類と農業コミュニティの関係についての部分に注意を払ってください。
- シャドウイングを行う：ビデオを再生しながら、スピーカーの言葉をそのまま真似してみましょう。このとき、shadowspeakと呼ばれる技法を使い、自分の声で再現します。発音やイントネーションに注意を向けることが重要です。
- 聞き取れなかった部分を繰り返す：理解できなかったフレーズや単語があれば、何度も戻して聞き直し、正確に繰り返してみてください。これにより、リスニング能力とスピーキング能力が同時に向上します。
- 実際の会話に取り入れる：学んだフレーズを使って友人や家族と会話をする練習を重ねましょう。特に、日常生活の中で使えるフレーズを意識的に取り入れることが鍵となります。
この方法を通じて、あなたの英語スピーキング練習がより効果的になることを期待しています。shadow speechの技術を駆使し、自信を持って英語を話せるようになりましょう！
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。