跟读练习: Research in the area around the Chembe Bird Sanctuary: Đề thi IELTS LISTENING (practice test) - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Part 4.
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Part 4.
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You will hear part of an environmental science lecture about the impact of birds of prey on a farming community in Africa.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Thank you. to 40.
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We've been looking at different types of conflicts that may arise between wildlife and humans at the boundaries of protected areas,
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such as national parks and animal sanctuaries.
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I'd like to illustrate this by telling you about some research
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that I've been involved in recently in the Central African country of Zambia in the area around the Chembe Bird sanctuary,
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which contains over 300 of the listed birds of Zambia.
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These include a number of birds of prey,
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such as eagles, hawks and owls,
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that live by hunting and killing other birds and animals.
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Now, most of the people living in the local communities near to the bird sanctuary are small-scale farmers,
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and these birds of prey provide important social and ecological benefits to them.
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For example, a lot of damage can be caused to farmers' crops by rodents,
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such as rats, which would consume the crops as they grow in the fields,
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as well as after harvesting if they weren't hunted and killed by the birds.
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And the predatory habits of these birds also protect farmers in other ways.
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For example, a major danger to rural workers is snakes,
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whose bite may be dangerous or even fatal,
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and birds of prey have a major role in keeping their populations under control.
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Local people have always been aware of these benefits,
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and for years, even before the sanctuary was opened in 1973,
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the birds played a key role in the culture of the region.
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However, more recently, the sanctuary
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and its birds have also become increasingly important to the community in economic terms
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because at present after a relatively slow start
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tourism has become an important source of revenue for them however
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although these birds of prey are protected by the government their numbers are falling some of these deaths are accidental
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fatalities occur when birds are light on roads to catch and eat their prey and are hit by fast moving traffic.
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Drivers in Zambia have to take special care at night,
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as birds may regard the quieter roads as safe places to sleep.
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Accidental deaths may also occur if these birds fly close to high-voltage power lines,
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as they may be electrocuted.
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This is a particular danger in the heavy rain,
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which can occur in the region in the months from December to April.
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And local farmers also pose a threat to these birds.
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As well as growing crops,
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small-scale farmers in the area also rear chickens.
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These provide food for the farmer's families,
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as well as being an important source of income.
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But they're also an easy target for birds of prey,
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and so farmers may shoot these birds,
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which is illegal but understandable,
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or they may poison the birds,
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which again is illegal and can have negative effects on the ecosystem.
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So how else can farmers protect their chickens from birds of prey?
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Some people believe that to prevent the predators from settling near the area where the chickens are kept,
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it's best to keep this area free from vegetation.
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But in fact, this is counterproductive,
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as it means the chickens have no cover to hide in,
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and they'll be easier for the birds to see.
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Another possibility would be to prevent the chickens from going outside at all
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And to keep them safe from predators inside a building
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But this would cost far too much to be a practical solution
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Nearly all the farmers reported that they spent a lot of time
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and effort Trying to frighten off the birds of prey without actually harming them
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Most of the farmers had at least one dog and said this was a big help at scaring away the predators.
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Some of the farmers also reported that during the breeding season,
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when the chickens were particularly vulnerable,
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they encouraged their children to watch over the chickens
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and to hit pans with a metal spoon so
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that the resulting noise would succeed in driving away birds that were trying to seize the young chicks.
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None of these methods was 100% effective,
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so as a result, the village people told us that rather than just using one method,
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they were forced to use a combination for them to have any effect.
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And even so, these birds of prey remain a major threat to the chickens' survival and cause considerable economic loss to farmers.
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So, we looked at the possibility of a longer-term solution to...
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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关于本课
在本课中，您将通过收听有关非洲鸟类保护区的环境科学讲座，练习雅思听力技能。课程重点讨论了猛禽在当地农业社会中的生态和经济影响，帮助您提高英语发音和听力理解能力。通过对本课内容的深入分析，您将更好地理解如何通过影子练习（shadow speech）来提升英语口语能力。
关键词汇与短语
- 猛禽 (birds of prey) - 指以捕食其他鸟类和动物为生的鸟类，例如鹰、猎鹰和猫头鹰。
- 生态效益 (ecological benefits) - 指自然环境为人类和其他生物提供的好处。
- 小规模农民 (small-scale farmers) - 指在较小土地上从事农业生产的农民。
- 旅游经济 (tourism revenue) - 指通过游客的到访所产生的经济收益。
- 电击 (electrocution) - 指鸟类因接触高压电线而遭受的致命伤害。
- 保护区 (sanctuary) - 指专门保护动植物的区域。
- 阴影练习 (shadowspeak) - 一种模仿他人发音的练习方法，帮助提高口语表达。
- 农业冲突 (farming conflicts) - 指人与野生动物之间因资源竞争而产生的矛盾。
练习技巧
在进行影子练习时，建议您注意以下几点：
- 节奏与语速：视频中的讲解速度较快，因此在进行雅思口语练习时，您可以先减慢速度，确保每个单词的清晰发音后，再逐渐恢复到正常速度。
- 情感表达：模仿讲师的语调和情感，特别是在分享猛禽对农民生态效益时，尝试展现出对这个主题的热情和认识，这将有助于提高您的英语口语流利度。
- 重复练习：多次重复一段话或短语，特别是关键短语如“猛禽保护生态效益”，能够帮助您在实际交流中更自信。
- 理解上下文：在练习之前，先阅读材料的总结。您能更好地理解视频内容，并能快速抓住重要信息，从而提高您的听力与口语表达。
- 与他人交谈：找一个学习伙伴，互相练习发音与表达。这种互动不仅能增强记忆，也能提高您的口语流畅度。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。