シャドーイング練習: The Most Gruesome Parasites – Neglected Tropical Diseases – NTDs - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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In the year 1014, Byzantine Emperor Basil the Second defeated the Bulgarian army and captured 15 thousand prisoners.
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In the year 1014, Byzantine Emperor Basil the Second defeated the Bulgarian army and captured 15 thousand prisoners.
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He could've killed them, but he had a different idea.
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He wanted to weaken his opponents for decades to come.
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So he ordered that 99 out of every 100 prisoners be blinded.
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The 100th to be spared one eye to guide the rest back home, forcing their communities to care for them for the rest of their lives.
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Today, humans are subject to an attack just as cynical as this by a league of supervillians called NTDs.
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One in seven humans on the planet suffers from one or more NTDs, more than the entire population of Europe.
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They do unimaginable damage, by crippling countless people, they destroy billions of dollars in income each year, weaken communities, and slow progress.
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What are these monsters straight out of a horror movie, seeking to wreak havoc on our species?
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NTDs are caused by a vast range of different parasites such as worms, amoebae, bacteria, or viruses.
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The symptoms they cause are just as diverse and truly the stuff of nightmares.
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Some, like hookworms, compete with children's brains and bodies for nutrition, stunting growth, and impairing intelligence.
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Some NTDs cause blindness as the result of awful eye infections.
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Other parasites confine patients to bed for months, and damage internal organs, often shortening lifespans drastically.
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Yet others cause horrible disfigurements that lead to social stigma, a life lived in shame, and unemployment.
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There are also a few that are incredibly agonizing. They cause continuous itching, or horrible pain.
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In fact, let's introduce you to one of them: Dracun culiasis.
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If you accidentally drink water infected by it, you won't notice anything for a year.
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Until one day, you suddenly see a blister on your leg.
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The worm breaks out of the skin to release new larvae.
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The only way to remove it is to slowly pull it out of your leg, centimeter by centimeter, over the course of several weeks, because Dracun culiasis is now up to a meter long.
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We can all agree that we should kill such parasites with fire.
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That's why we declared war on them, pleading to eradicate most of them by 2020, and we tried doing that very hard.
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In 1985, there were 3.5 million cases of Dracun culiasis all over the world.
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In 2015, there were 22.
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We killed 99.999% of these little monsters.
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It will be the first parasite we eradicate for good very soon.
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So, even if they don't generate big headlines like Ebola did, actually, amazing things have happened when it comes to NTDs.
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All NTDs have one thing in common: they preferably attack humans who live in the most isolated communities, and who are least able to defend themselves.
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There are villages that are 500 kilometers from the nearest health facility, with no roads anywhere.
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So even if a remedy is available, what if it means going on an odyssey to get it to the patients?
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This called for an attack using brute force.
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To stamp out NTDs once and for all, what's possibly the biggest medical program in human history was launched, unmatched in scale.
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Organizations from all fields are working together right now to eliminate ten of these NTDs forever.
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Ironically, every NTD is, in fact, preventable or treatable.
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But most of them can only be controlled by giving medicine to every person in all high-risk areas.
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That means millions and millions of doses of medicine, often for several NTDs at a time, over the course of years, in countries where there is no infrastructure.
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Governments and health organizations just couldn't do that by themselves.
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Here, humanity got an opportunity to show off what the industrialized production of medicine can achieve.
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The pharma industry stepped in to distribute the necessary drugs for free, and promised to keep doing it until those ten diseases are gone.
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By 2020, nearly $18 billion worth of drugs will have been distributed, the largest drug donation the world has ever seen.
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They also helped make sure the drugs actually get to where they're needed.
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In 2015 alone, these treatments reached over 850 million people, more than the population of the EU and the US combined.
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Bad things happening generates headlines.
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Hundreds of millions of people overcoming extremely destructive diseases, in an unprecedented act of cooperation doesn't.
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Stories like this one are not told often enough.
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Good things happen all the time, moving humanity closer to a future with no suffering.
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So, if you or one of your friends are in need of uplifting news, share this video with them.
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We, as a species, really can do great things with no other motivation than to help each other.
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It's good to remember that from time to time.
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This video was made possible in part by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and your support on Patreon.com If you want to help us make more videos, you can do so here.
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If you're disappointed by the lack of disturbing facts in this video, here's a playlist about the end of everything!
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コンテキストと背景
この動画では、ネグレクテッド・トロピカル・ディジーズ（NTDs）についての衝撃的な情報が共有されています。歴史的な視点から、バイザンチン帝国のバジル2世が捕虜を盲目にすることで敵を弱体化させた話から始まり、現代におけるNTDsの影響を描写しています。世界中で多くの人々がこれらの恐ろしい寄生虫によって苦しんでおり、特に孤立したコミュニティの住民がその影響を強く受けていることが強調されています。さまざまな寄生虫による害は計り知れず、影響を受ける人々の生活は困難を極めています。
日常コミュニケーションのための5つのフレーズ
- 「私は寄生虫についての情報を学んでいます。」 - 知識の提示
- 「これらの病気は非常に広がっています。」 - 状況の説明
- 「我々はこれらの病気との戦いに取り組んでいます。」 - 行動の表現
- 「私たちは協力して解決策を見つけます。」 - コラボレーションの強調
- 「この話はあまり知られていません。」 - 情報の特異性を説明
ステップバイステップ・シャドーイングガイド
この動画の内容は、難解なトピックや専門用語を含みますが、しっかりとした練習を通じて英語力を向上させることができます。以下は、効果的にシャドーイングを行うための手順です。
- 理解を深める: まず、動画を視聴し、トピックについての理解を深化させます。特に、NTDsがどのような病気かを把握しましょう。
- 音声を注意深く聞く: 英語の発音を良くするために、ナレーションのトーンやイントネーションにも焦点を当てることが重要です。
- フレーズを繰り返す: 上記の5つのフレーズを何度も発音し、正しいリズムをつかむ練習をします。これにより、自然な会話ができるようになります。
- シャドーイングの実践: 動画を再生し、ナレーターの言葉に合わせて声を出します。この技術は、流暢さと発音の改善に役立ちます。
- フィードバックを受ける: 友人や教師に自分の発音をチェックしてもらい、必要に応じて修正を加えます。
この手法を利用して、「YouTubeで英語学習」を楽しみながら、自己表現力を向上させることができます。話す練習を重ねることで、「IELTS スピーキング対策」としても効果的です。ぜひ、shadow speaksを活用して、次のレベルのスピーキング力を手に入れましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。