쉐도잉 연습: Bill Gates, Charlie Munger, Warren Buffett on the socialism versus capitalism debate - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기
C1
Gentlemen, we've talked an awful lot on our air recently about socialism versus capitalism,
144 문장
문장이 너무 짧거나 길면 Edit를 눌러 조정하세요.
1
Gentlemen, we've talked an awful lot on our air recently about socialism versus capitalism,
2
defending capitalism, all of the different political pressures that are kind of being brought as we get into another election year.
3
And I thought maybe we could talk about that this morning, too.
4
Over the weekend, several questions came up about defending capitalism.
5
And Warren, you did step out and say that you're a card-carrying member,
6
a card-carrying capitalist in front of everyone.
7
What do you think about the attacks that we've seen to this point on capitalism?
8
Well, I don't think people exactly even know what they're talking about.
9
It isn't that capitalism is perfect.
10
But if you look at what was here in 1776 and look at what is here now,
11
this country has done an incredible job in terms of the deployment of resources and human ingenuity.
12
And that is a product of the system.
13
Now, does that mean that Every decision should be made simply by open market determinants.
14
There's a need for regulation, obviously.
15
And there are things that have long-term costs and might not get built in.
16
But the idea of people unleashing their potential,
17
using the resources they have to create what we have now,
18
from what was here 240-some years ago, it's absolutely a miracle and what all three of us have seen during our lifetime.
19
And if you compare that with any centralized planned economy,
20
I think we win hands down.
21
And I think we've just started with what capitalism can produce in the United States.
22
But I do think that,
23
obviously, it needs certain rules and regulations.
24
BILL MOYERS, Bill, you did an interview in Davos with someone and I,
25
you made a pretty innocuous statement that you looked around,
26
you thought capitalism was the best system
27
and you got attacked online from all these people who came
28
up with these crazy statements about how could you say things like that.
29
I mean, what do you think about the climate when you see things like that?
30
Well, some people think when you defend capitalism,
31
you're defending the tax rates we have today and saying that higher absolute tax rates or more progressive tax rates,
32
that you're disagreeing with them.
33
And I don't think Warren and I are disagreeing that you could make the taxes more progressive.
34
In fact, we've been very explicit in some areas,
35
like the estate tax, and saying we think that would be a good thing.
36
Socialism… You got your wish, it came back.
37
Socialism used to mean that the state controlled the means of production.
38
And a lot of people who are promoting socialism actually aren't using that classic definition.
39
So what we're going to have is capitalism with some level of taxation.
40
most people really aren't arguing against capitalism.
41
There may be a few,
42
but most people are just saying that the taxes should change.
43
Although you do have someone who I think is polling the second highest in the Democratic Party right now,
44
who was a socialist until very recently, Bernie Sanders.
45
Well, whether or not he was a socialist by the full term of that,
46
Now, there is some muddy areas.
47
When you start to say there shouldn't be any billionaires,
48
that you have some cap on wealth or something like that,
49
that goes beyond what I think.
50
And you could say I'm self-interested.
51
Really?
52
We will accept the present ones.
53
But government needs to reallocate some resources.
54
I mean, the extreme case would be in World War II.
55
I mean, that's the closest we've come to socialism.
56
You had an office of Price Administration.
57
You had a war production board.
58
I mean, but during peacetime,
59
you're always prepared for war,
60
and you do that through government.
61
Government needs to reallocate some resources.
62
But the market system, which exists under capitalism,
63
is an extraordinarily effective way,
64
and has proven it, of using resources,
65
human and other kinds, to produce incredible goods.
66
And Henry Ford could learn,
67
devise a system that could turn out a couple million cars a year,
68
but he could only use half a dozen himself,
69
or his whole family could use 50.
70
I mean, he had to turn out a couple million cars that other people got to use.
71
And that would not have,
72
in my view, I think if you'd set up a government bureau in 1850
73
and given them 100 years of all the coronals,
74
you'd have ever come up with anything like the assembly lines of Ford and all of the things that have happened.
75
Human ingenuity is incredible.
76
And you want something that maximizes its use
77
and then curbs a few of the ideas
78
that some of those people may have to sort of have it fall for themselves.
79
Charlie, you've made the same point.
80
The great proof of how capitalism works is China.
81
When China copied Singapore and let the farmers own their own plots
82
and let the manufacturers own their own businesses and so forth,
83
China's productivity increased many times.
84
And they went from rural poverty to modern extreme wealth.
85
And they did it by adopting a fair amount of capitalism.
86
Now, if a Democratic politician doesn't understand that, he's nuts.
87
You've made the same point,
88
though, Charlie, that you think private sector does it much better than the government sector.
89
However, a lot of these people who are running also want to make government much bigger.
90
Do you have a quarrel with that or no?
91
Well, as they say, if you love your post office,
92
you're going to love socialized medicine.
93
And they don't necessarily want to make it bigger in terms of redistributing.
94
They may want to, the market system is brutal,
95
and it leaves behind people who are perfectly wonderful people who don't have market-related talents.
96
Who are just unlucky.
97
Yeah, just plain unlucky.
98
And in a rich society,
99
believe me, if we have a war or something like that,
100
we call on those people and,
101
you know, pay them practically nothing to go fight for us.
102
AND WE WANT GOOD FLOWING,
103
BUT IT'S GOING TO DISPLACE THE TEXTILE WORKER THAT WE USED TO HAVE AND SO ON.
104
SO THE FUNCTION OF GOVERNMENT IS NOT GOING TO GET BIGGER.
105
IT MAY BE IN AN IMPORTANT WAY TO TAKE CARE OF PEOPLE WHO,
106
FOR ONE REASON OR ANOTHER,
107
So the function of government is not necessarily to get bigger.
108
It may be in an important way to take care of people who,
109
for one reason or another,
110
get left behind in a market system that you also regard as essentially this huge source of wealth and goods and services.
111
So how do you fix the problems,
112
or at least the perception of problems,
113
which there's a huge perception out there in the American voting right now? obviously would help
114
if our government were wiser and it would be wiser
115
if the two sides didn't hate each other
116
so much anger drives out reason
117
and there is absolute cold fury between politicians on one side and politicians on the other it's quite counterproductive for
118
that reason i don't allow myself to get angry at politicians
119
how would you fix it well i just I just don't let myself get that angry at politicians.
120
I don't expect them to be...
121
Berger has worked better because Charlie and I have never been mad at each other.
122
Yeah.
123
It just does.
124
I mean, way better.
125
If we got mad at each other,
126
I'd try and kill his deals,
127
he'd try to kill my deals.
128
It just doesn't work that way.
129
We don't need a couple of alpha males blustering at one another over this stuff.
130
They ought to just cool it and take a little reputational hit and get the feathers.
131
But we ought to worry about the people that don't fit into the system.
132
We want the system.
133
And a lot of people are getting left further and further behind because as capitalism gets more advanced,
134
it gets more specialized, and there actually is greater difference between the haves and the have-nots.
135
And the haves can take care of the have-nots.
136
Interesting is both parties basically agree on that.
137
They just...
138
Yeah, so how you get there, that gets complicated income tax credit can make a huge jump in that direction.
139
I mean, Social Security, well, we've done various things.
140
Over the years, we have improved.
141
We've improved the public school systems.
142
We've improved things that do give people more of an equal chance and take care of people who fall by the wayside.
143
We just got to keep doing it.
144
Thank you.
앱 다운로드
당신이 말하는 모든 문장을 AI가 채점
TRENDING
인기 동영상
맥락 및 배경
이 비디오는 빌 게이츠, 찰리 멍거, 워렌 버핏이 자본주의와 사회주의에 대한 논쟁을 다룬 내용입니다. 이들은 자본주의의 장점을 방어하며 정치적 압력이 증가하는 선거 시즌 속에서 그것의 중요성을 논의합니다. 특히, 워렌은 자본가로서의 자신을 강조하며, 자본주의가 어떻게 자원을 효율적으로 배분하고 인간의 창의력을 발휘하게 하는지를 설명합니다. 이러한 대화는 사회 전반에 걸쳐 자본주의에 대한 비판과 방어가 싸우고 있는 현실을 잘 보여줍니다.
일상 대화를 위한 상위 5개 표현
- “자본주의가 완벽하지는 않지만…” - 이 표현은 자본주의의 한계를 인식하면서도 긍정적인 면을 강조할 때 유용합니다.
- “국가의 자원을 효과적으로 사용하다” - 자원을 효율적으로 사용하는 방법에 대해 이야기할 때 적합한 표현입니다.
- “시장 결정 요소에 따라 모든 결정을 내리는 것은 아니다” - 경제적 결정을 내리는 복잡성을 표현할 때 사용할 수 있습니다.
- “세금을 더 누진적으로 만들 수 있다” - 세금 제도에 대해 논의할 때 유용한 표현입니다.
- “부의 상한을 두어야 한다는 주장은…” - 부의 분배와 관련된 논의에서 사용하는 표현입니다.
영어 쉐도잉 가이드
영어 회화 연습을 위해 이 비디오를 활용하는 방법은 다음과 같습니다:
- 비디오 시청: 처음에는 비디오를 전체적으로 시청하여 내용의 흐름을 이해합니다.
- 문장 따라하기 (쉐도잉): 한 문장씩 멈추고 반복하여 발음과 억양을 연습합니다. “영어 발음 교정”에 집중하세요.
- 어휘 정리: 비디오에서 사용된 핵심 어휘와 구문을 이해하고 정리합니다. 특히 “자본주의”, “사회주의”, “세금”과 같은 단어는 중요합니다.
- 롤 플레이: 친구나 스터디 그룹과 함께 비디오에서 나온 주제를 기반으로 토론을 진행하며 “IELTS 스피킹” 연습을 합니다.
- 반복 학습: 일정 간격으로 비디오를 다시 시청하며 언어적 유창성을 높입니다. “shadow speech” 기법을 활용하세요.
이 과정들은 여러분의 영어 회화 능력을 한 단계 끌어올려 줄 것입니다. 정기적인 연습과 피드백을 통해 더욱 자신감 있는 영어 사용자가 될 수 있습니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.
☕ 커피 한 잔 사주기
ShadowingEnglish는 여러분의 지원 덕분에 100% 무료로 운영됩니다. 서버 및 AI 유지 비용이 많이 듭니다. 여러분의 커피 한 잔이 큰 힘이 됩니다! ��