쉐도잉 연습: Environmental Impacts Of Consumer Products - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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the in
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MUSIC We often don't realise it,
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but the decisions we make as consumers,
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from what products we buy to how we end up disposing of them,
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of them all affect other people in other places.
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I want to know more about the impact that the manufacturing and consumption of goods has on different environments around the world.
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Let's hear from Kathleen Griffith about the environmental impact of manufacturing.
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Countries that make consumer goods or produce the raw materials are going to be affected environmentally.
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From previous old-fashioned behaviours such as making garments
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and just basically getting rid of waste into the rivers
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or the waterways and therefore the fish die
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and the rivers might get green algae and it can all pollute people that live around those rivers,
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it really can be quite devastating.
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You would think we would have gotten better at that by now
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but if you know there's been recent media attention to the bleaching of Great Barrier Reef
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and a lot of protests about how close we're discharging stuff into
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that part of the world or that part of Australia's waterways
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and that it is having a detrimental effect on the Barrier Reef.
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Now that all comes from stuff that's being manufactured here in Australia.
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If we take an example of a country that does a lot of manufacturing,
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China, they have a a lot of trouble with pollution.
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You have to pretty much wear a mask if you're in one of the tier one cities of China.
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It is affecting people's health,
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it's reducing their life expectancy,
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and people in China in those tier one and tier two cities are very,
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very concerned about the effect of that pollution on their children.
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Sourcing raw materials and producing goods have an environmental impact in our country and around the world.
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So what can we do as consumers to help minimise this impact?
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I've been thinking about my lifestyle and the things that I buy.
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I'm buying diamond earrings for a friend.
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I can't say I know much about where they come from,
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so that's where I'll start my research.
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Diamonds are one of the most precious and sought-after stones on the planet.
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However, around 4% of the rough diamonds sold on the world market are known as blood diamonds
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because of the fact they originate from places of civil war and conflict like Sierra Leone,
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Angola and the Ivory Coast.
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These territories are often controlled by groups of rebels who sell the diamonds to pay for guns and weapons.
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The illegal diamond traders cause the deaths and displacement of millions of African people.
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The mining of diamonds has also had a severe environmental impact on several parts of Africa.
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In the Kono district of eastern Sierra Leone,
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thousands of abandoned mining pits remain filled with stagnant rainwater and malaria-carrying mosquitoes.
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Wildlife has vanished from the area and what was once fertile farmland is now barren and uninhabitable.
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There's a lot of consequences of diamond mining.
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What about makeup?
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I need to look a bit deeper here.
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Sodium Laurel Palmate, I've heard of that.
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It's the scientific term for palm oil.
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Let's have a look.
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Palm oil is extracted from the fruit of the Eleus genensis species of palm,
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indigenous to West Africa.
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Because of its high resistance to oxidisation and decay,
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the oil is used in a variety of products to increase their shelf life.
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This includes everything from cosmetic products to soaps and shampoos to instant noodles and chocolate.
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The cost of the widespread use of palm oil has been massive deforestation in Malaysia
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and Indonesia where 90% of palm oil is currently produced.
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Since oil palms need high humidity and temperatures and a large amount of land,
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rainforests are regularly cleared to make way for commercial plantations,
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taking a devastating toll on local plant, animal and bird species.
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Another environmental issue is the dumping of electronic waste.
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Do you know where 70% of the electronic waste generated globally eventually ends up?
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Guayu in the Guangdong province of China,
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it's notorious for being home to the largest electronic waste dump in the world.
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Electronic and other waste is shipped to China,
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and various other parts of the world,
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including poorer countries, where environmental protection laws are weak or non-existent.
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Environmental impacts from adding heavy metals to landfill,
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or the burning of circuit boards and plastic wires,
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and washing of electronic items to recover metals, go unchecked.
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Work areas in these recycling centres are often poorly ventilated and there is no protective gear provided.
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Workers are exposed to toxic fumes from heavy metals.
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Together with hydrocarbon ashes, heavy metals are also released into the soil, water and air.
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People are feeling the effects.
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In China's Guangdong province, children have been found to have abnormally high levels of lead in their blood.
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Those are just three examples of how our use of products contributes to the environmental decline in other parts of the world.
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The good news though, is that more
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and more businesses are using sustainable practices to reduce the impact of manufacturing on the environment.
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Here's a company that specialises in sustainable packaging and recycling practices.
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Vizi processes recyclables for millions of households and businesses across Australia and New Zealand each year.
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They recover over 1.7 million tonnes of paper and cardboard,
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221,000 tonnes of glass, 92,000 tonnes of plastics and 34,000 tonnes of metals.
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Visi first started off as a manufacturer of cardboard boxes
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and is now one of the world's leading packaging and recycling companies that employs over 5,000 staff.
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We collect and process materials such as plastic,
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cardboard, paper, aluminium, steel and glass and we use this to make our own recycled and new packaging.
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Recycling and sustainability is so important at Visi as we are a manufacturer of new packaging.
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We collect and process this material which then creates a closed loop.
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This helps us reduce the need for natural resources.
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Australians spend over half a billion dollars a year on bottled water.
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We all know about putting empty plastic bottles in recycling bins,
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but what happens to them after that?
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So a plastic bottle
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that is placed into a recycling bin is collected by a dedicated recycling truck
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and that material then comes back to what we would call our MRF or our material recovery facility.
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And that is where we separate and sort all the different material types,
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whether it is glass, plastic,
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aluminium, steel, cardboard and paper.
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We use a combination of either machinery or manual hand sorters to separate this material.
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Once that material is then separated,
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is then sent away to different divisions of the business to be recycled and turned into new packaging.
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Plastic bottles are typically sorted using our optical sorting machine.
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This machine separates the three types of plastics into three separate categories.
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So it will separate our HDPE,
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our PET bottles and our mixed plastics,
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and they are then baled separately and sent off to our plant in Smithfield for reprocessing and remanufacturing.
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So once the plastic bottles arrive at our Smithfield plant in New South Wales,
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they're then ready for reprocessing.
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So the plastic bottles are flaked,
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palletised, moulded into little preforms,
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which would be the mould for the end product.
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Those preforms are then blow moulded into the final product,
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which is a plastic bottle.
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They're then ready to hit the shop shelves.
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However, up to 36% of plastic bottles aren't recycled,
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which means that hundreds of millions of bottles end up as waste every year.
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And if you don't think your personal recycling habits make much of a difference,
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then think about this.
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Statistics show that the average Australian produces two tonnes of landfill waste per year.
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So outside of always using the right bin and reusing a drink bottle or coffee cup,
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what else can we do to improve our recycling habits?
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I guess the first step is to purchase recyclable products when you're shopping.
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The other would be to make sure everyone in the household is educated on on what can
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and can't be recycled and how they should be utilising or using their bins within the home.
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Vizi is aiming for a future where everything that touches us can be recycled,
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where waste is a thing of the past,
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and we won't stop until we get there.
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Every product we use has an environmental impact,
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in some cases a devastating impact.
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It's up to us as consumers to be more aware of the wider implications of our buying decisions
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and to consider not just where our product has come from but where it's likely to end up.
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맥락 및 배경
이 비디오에서는 소비자로서 우리가 제품을 구매하고 처리하는 방식이 전 세계 환경에 미치는 영향을 다루고 있습니다. 특히 제조 과정과 소비가 환경에 미치는 영향을 설명하며, 이를 통해 우리가 어떤 식으로 소비자로서 책임을 다할 수 있는지에 대한 통찰을 제공합니다. 연사인 캐슬린 그리피스는 소비재의 제조와 이로 인한 오염 문제를 강조하며, 특히 다이아몬드와 같은 귀금속과 화장품 성분이 환경에 미치는 영향을 분석합니다.
일상적인 의사소통을 위한 5가지 주요 문구
- 우리는 소비자로서 환경에 영향을 미친다는 사실을 잘 인식하지 못합니다.
- 상품의 제조와 소비가 다른 환경에 미치는 영향을 이해하고 싶습니다.
- 우리가 구매하는 제품의 출처를 조사해야 합니다.
- 다이아몬드 채굴은 아프리카의 환경에 심각한 영향을 미칩니다.
- 화장품의 성분도 환경을 오염시킬 수 있습니다.
단계별 섀도잉 가이드
shadowspeak을 통해 영어 말하기 연습을 효과적으로 진행할 수 있습니다. 이 비디오에서 다루는 내용을 바탕으로 아래의 단계를 따르면, 언어 능력을 향상시킬 수 있습니다:
- 비디오 시청: 처음에는 비디오를 전체적으로 한 번 시청하여 내용의 흐름과 주제를 파악합니다.
- 의미 이해: 각 문장을 듣고 그 의미를 파악합니다. 특히 중요한 문구는 IELTS 스피킹 연습에 유용하므로 메모합니다.
- 섀도잉 연습: 비디오의 대사를 따라 하며 shadow speech 기술로 발음과 억양을 연습합니다. 최초에는 느린 속도로, 이후 점차 원래 속도에 맞춰 말하는 것을 목표로 합니다.
- 반복 연습: 어려운 부분을 반복적으로 듣고 연습하여 자연스럽게 말할 수 있도록 합니다.
- 자기 피드백: 자신의 발음을 녹음하고 들으면서 수정해야 할 부분을 찾습니다. 이 과정이 곧 shadowing site 활용을 통해 언어 능력을 향상시키는 데 큰 도움이 됩니다.
이렇게 실습을 통해 영어 말하기 능력을 한층 끌어올릴 수 있습니다. 주제에 대한 깊이 있는 이해와 원활한 말하기를 위한 꾸준한 연습이 필요합니다.
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | be affected · being manufactured · are known |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | there's been · has also had · has vanished |
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.