쉐도잉 연습: Wake Island: The Last Stand That Stunned Japan - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
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It's December 11, 1941, and the Japanese cruiser Yubari fires with her 5.5-inch guns.
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The target is the American-held Wake Island.
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In command is Rear Admiral Sadamichi Kajioka, who's been told by Japanese intelligence that Wake Island is practically defenseless.
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The rest of Kajioka's task force joins in.
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Two more light cruisers and six destroyers assist with the bombardment.
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On the beaches of Wake Island, US Marine gunners hunker down in the dugouts of their 5-inch
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coastal defense guns as the massive Japanese shells kick up fountains of dust and coral.
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The gunnery officers call into their radios requesting permission to return fire.
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The island's commanding officer, Commander Winfield S.
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Cunningham, orders his men to hold on.
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He knows that Wake Island's old 5-inch guns are outranged by the Japanese cruisers.
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The Marines must hold their nerve until the Japanese ships get closer.
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His men don't understand why Cunningham won't let them fire back.
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They curse Cunningham under their breath for putting them in such danger.
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Out at sea the Japanese can't cede the well-camouflage gun positions.
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And it seems like Wake Island is completely silent.
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With all enemy defenses seemingly taken out, Kajioka orders the troops to be deployed to be deployed.
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Behind the warships are two troopships packed with men from the Special Naval Landing Force.
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Japanese bayonets glint in the early morning light as they get ready to storm the beaches and bring glory to the Empire.
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But the Japanese overconfidence brings them in range of the Marines' coastal guns.
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Finally, Cunningham's voice comes over the field telephone, ordering the Marines to open fire.
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The Marines quickly elevate their guns and get the Japanese cruisers sighted.
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Already loaded, they fire off a first volley of shots within seconds.
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The 5-inch shells race across the water towards the Japanese fleet.
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Kajioka's flagship is rocked as a massive spurt of water shoots up and splashes the windows of the bridge.
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Moments later, there's another.
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Round splashed down in the water all around his task force.
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Kajioka tracks the shells back towards the island and is completely shocked to see flashes of light crackle along the beaches.
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On the beach, the marines heave their 5-inch shells into the breach to reload their guns.
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Adjusting their aim, Yubari is in their sights.
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The 5-inch shell bursts from the muzzle and tears through the air towards the flagship.
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Kajioka is knocked off his feet as the round slams into his ship, shaking the entire vessel.
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Alarms blare across Yubari, it's only a minor hit, and the ship's still running.
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But Kajioka wastes no time in taking evasive action.
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Let's get the end of the tunnel.
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Let's go to the front.
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A thick cloud of grey smoke billows out as the fleet turns swiftly around
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and accelerates away from the coast under its cover.
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But not everyone else acts as quickly.
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Suddenly an enormous blast rumbles across the sea.
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The destroyer Hayate is shrouded in an enormous explosion.
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It's a critical hit which ignites the magazine and sends a gigantic cloud of thick rolling black smoke rising from the water.
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The destroyer is torn in half and the two sections of hull rapidly sink beneath the waves.
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In just a matter of seconds there's nothing left except a field of debris.
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Kajioka knows that there will be no survivors.
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He curses the faulty Japanese intelligence that has cost the lives from the crew of the Hayati.
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He's got no choice but to call off the landing.
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The cruisers steam away, followed by the surviving destroyers and the landing ships.
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Back on Wake Island's command post, Cunningham isn't going to let them get away.
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Send in the Wildcats!
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He's gambling his last four remaining fighter planes to hunt down the Japanese ships.
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High above the island, four Marine Corps F-4F Wildcats break off in pursuit of the retreating Japanese force.
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In the lead is Marine Fighter Squadron Commander Major Paul Putnam.
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Flying alongside him is Captain Henry Hank Alrod.
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Each plane carries two 100-pound bombs beneath its wings.
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Hank spots the Japanese fleet first.
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I see them.
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I'm going for the destroyer.
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Pushing the nose down, he starts diving towards the Japanese destroyer Kisaragi, while the other Wildcats split and each take a target from the remaining enemy ships.
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Across the Japanese task force, lookouts sound the alarm.
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Sailors sprint to their anti-aircraft guns, slapping on magazines and swiveling around to confront the approaching Wildcats.
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The Japanese gunners start to fire as tracers snake into the sky.
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They send a storm of bullets towards the American planes.
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Approaching the ship from the rear, the Wildcat rocks with impact.
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Hank grits his teeth and holds his nerve, lining up Kisaragi in his gun sight.
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He strafes the ship with bullets as he moves from stern to bow and punches the bomb release.
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Bombs come crashing down and punch through the deck plating before burrowing inside and exploding deep within the ship.
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Flames flash across the deck and Kisaragi drifts to a halt.
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All out of bombs and ammunition, the Wildcats head back to Wake Island to rearm for another round of attacks.
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On the Kisaragi, sailors fight desperately against the flames, but the Inferno is just too fierce.
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Fire reaches the stern igniting a rack full of depth charges.
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The charges cook off creating a series of thunderous explosions.
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From the bridge of Yubari, Rear Admiral Kajioka watches in angst as the destroyer is torn apart along with 150 men.
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Grim-faced Kajioka orders his surviving ships to return to base.
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As the Japanese retreat, the Wildcats are on their way back to the airfield.
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Hank has just become the first American pilot to sink a Japanese warship.
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But there's no time for celebration as his aircraft suddenly starts shuddering violently.
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In the cockpit the fuel needle collapses to zero and within seconds the engine sputters and goes silent.
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The damage he took from the Japanese anti-aircraft guns has crippled his plane.
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He starts losing speed and altitude rapidly.
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Hank looks around for an option.
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Then he sees it, a long and smooth section of beach.
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He decides to try and land his Wildcat.
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Down below, the commander of the Marine Ground Forces, Major James Devereaux, sees the Wildcat gliding in towards the beach with smoke trailing behind him.
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Dropping everything, Devereaux runs towards the beach.
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Back in the cockpit, Hank fights with the controls, trying to get every foot of altitude.
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The yellow sand at the beach fills his windscreen and he braces for impact.
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The Wildcat slams into the ground, grinding over the stones and rocks.
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Finally, the plane skids to a halt.
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Devereaux reaches the crashed Wildcat seconds later.
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The plane is completely twisted and broken.
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The cockpit canopy is still jammed shut and he can't see any movement inside.
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He bangs on the glass.
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Hank!
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Devereaux slides back the canopy.
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Miraculously, it reveals that Hank's unhurt, and he's more worried about the aircraft than himself.
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I'm sorry as hell about the plane, sir.
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There's no way that Hank's plane can be returned to service.
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The Americans are left with just three operational Wildcats to defend the skies.
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Over the next few days, the Japanese redouble their efforts to neutralize the marine defenses with multiple bombing raids.
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After relentless air combat, only two battle-worn Wildcats remain operational on the island.
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Kajioka gets reinforcements from the Naval High Command.
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The aircraft carriers Suryu and Hiryu bring almost 120 aircraft to the fight.
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On December 22nd they launch a massive bombing raid with 33 bombers escorted by 6 A6M Zero fighter planes.
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The Japanese bombers approach Wake Island from the north, where Captain Herbert Freuler spots them while flying a combat air patrol.
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and he's on patrol.
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Freuler radios the other wildcat, but it's still several minutes away on a patrol south of the island.
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The bombers are escorted by Zeros.
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Despite being outnumbered 6 to 1 by the Zeros, he doesn't hesitate and dives his aircraft down towards them.
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He lines up a bomber in his sights and squeezes the trigger for his machine guns.
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In seconds the bomber is burning and falling down towards the water.
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The escorting Zeroes break off to pursue him.
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Moments later, in another Wildcat, 2nd Lieutenant Carl Davidson arrives on the scene.
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He sees the shapes in the distance emerging ahead of him.
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A group of fighters are dogfighting, one of them must be Froiler.
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But down below, the Japanese bombers are still heading towards their target.
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He has to choose.
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Save his friend or try and save Wake Island.
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Davidson knows what he needs to do.
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and he tips his nose down to follow the enemy bombers.
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He quickly closes in on the slow bombers and fires off a burst from his guns.
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The first bomber goes down in a smoking wreck.
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Davidson then pulls around in a wide loop for another run.
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He's focusing through the gun sight, lining up his next target.
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But he doesn't notice a Zero bursting through the sky behind him.
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Out of nowhere, the Zero's cannon fire smashes into his plane.
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Davidson fights with the controls trying to pull out of the firing line, but it's no use.
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His plane's burning and it isn't responding.
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Davidson plunges down towards the ocean.
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He doesn't have any time to bail out before his plane hammers into the surface of the water
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and it shatters all around him.
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Froiler sees the terrible sight of his friend Davidson's plane sinking below the waves.
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But he has no time to mourn.
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He still has to escape the enemy fighter on its tail.
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Froiler pulls his stick this way and that, trying to evade the incoming fire, but he can't escape the Japanese pilot.
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Cannon rounds tear onto the Wildcat.
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Froiler screams out in pain and desperately grips the stick.
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His plane's still flying properly and he keeps on making evasive maneuvers.
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He sees that the bombers are continuing on to their targets.
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They drop their bombs and strike facilities across Wake Island.
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Explosions and fires rage across the island as the bombers pull away and head back to their carriers.
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Once again, Wake Island burns.
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More rounds come bursting in Froyler's play and he's sure that this is the end.
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But then, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the Zero turn away.
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With a bombing run complete, the Zeros break off the attack.
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Froiler nurses his plane back towards Wake Island's runway.
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Fighting through the agony of his shrapnel wounds, he manages to set the Wildcat down safely.
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The engineers rush out to take a look at the plane.
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With one look, they know it's hopeless.
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The Wildcat is riddled with bullet holes.
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There's nothing they can do.
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With Davidson shot down and Froiler damaged beyond repair, Wake Island is all out of fighter aircraft.
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Just after midnight on December the 23rd, Marine sentries spot lights flickering on the dark horizon.
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Cunningham orders his defenders to take their positions for a last stand.
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With their planes out of action, the Marine aviators fight as infantrymen.
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Hank and Major Putnam are positioned to defend the last remaining 3-inch anti-aircraft gun on the edge of the airfield.
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Out in the distance, Kajioka's task force moves into position.
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The Japanese Admiral is determined to get revenge for his lost ships and take Wake Island.
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The cruisers unleash a formidable range of shell fire.
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The 5 and 8 inch shells crash down onto the island.
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Then the firing stops.
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Two destroyers that have been converted into landing ships steam into the southern shore of the island
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and pile up onto the beach and 1,000 Japanese infantrymen start their attack.
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In the darkness, the marines can just make out noises in the distance.
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They send up illumination flares, revealing two big ships close enough to be hit by the 3-inch gun.
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The Marine gunners quickly get the 3-inch gun horizontal and centered onto one of the landing ships.
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The shell flies off the gun towards the beach Japanese landing ship and smashes into the hull with a loud bang.
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The gun was designed to take down enemy aircraft, but it's just as effective in this role.
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For a brief moment, the Marines feel like they can hold the line.
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But then… Open fire!
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Bullets start whizzing past the Americans.
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Spread among the trees and undergrowth, the Japanese troops have begun their attack.
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The marine aviators blaze away, firing through the trees and undergrowth that separate them from the beaches.
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Next to Hank, a .30 caliber machine gun barks away, spraying rounds into the Japanese.
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But there's just too many of them.
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Hank hears a scream as one of the men goes down, clutching a bullet wound.
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A squad of Japanese soldiers comes charging towards his position, bayonets fixed and desperate to take the three-inch gun.
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Hank shoulders his Tommy gun and quickly fires off several bursts of 45 ACP rounds.
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The bullets smack into the leading Japanese soldiers, bringing them down and breaking the charge.
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The Japanese squad immediately hunkers down.
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But Hank knows the Americans can't hold out much longer.
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Then word comes over the radio.
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Major Devereaux orders to fall back to the inner perimeter.
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The Marines start pulling back through the bushes.
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Hank knows the Japanese will cut them down if he doesn't do something.
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He grabs a grenade ready to hurl it into the enemy line.
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He waits as the Japanese soldiers close in.
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Then Hank rises up.
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From a concealed position, a Japanese soldier takes a shot.
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Hank never hears the bullet.
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He falls to the ground.
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Putnam is already scrambling back when he realizes Hank is no longer beside him.
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Hank!
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Hank!
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He turns and sees Hank's body lying still.
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Putnam grabs Hank's arms and pulls with all his strength, dragging his friend back through the trees.
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Bullets crack all around him, but he doesn't stop until he's safely back behind marine lines.
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Major Devereaux sees Putnam arrive and rushes over to check on Hank.
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Hank's dead.
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There's no time to mourn.
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Devereaux, Putnam and the other Marines fight for their lives as the Japanese troops come crashing towards them.
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In his command post, Cunningham knows that he can't keep on fighting.
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Finally, with a heavy heart, he steps out of his command post.
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The Japanese have won.
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The guns fall silent and Japanese troops round up the surviving Americans and take them prisoner.
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On the bridge of Yubari, Kajioka allows himself a moment to savour his victory.
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Wake Island belongs to the Japanese Empire, but the cost was far higher than expected.
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Cunningham, Putnam and Devereaux would survive years of brutal captivity before returning to the US in 1945.
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Henry Hank T.
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Aurod was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions.
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Click this link to see the midway from the Japanese perspective.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 211개와 단어 2479개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 17:09입니다. 화자는 분당 약 145단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 73%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| bomber 명사 | /ˈbɑmɚ/ | 폭격기 |
| shell 명사 | /ʃɛl/ | 조가비, 조개 |
| bullet 명사 | /ˈbʊlɪt/ | 탄환, 탄알 |
| fighter 명사 | /ˈfaɪtɚ/ | 싸울아비, 전사 |
| destroyer 명사 | /dəˈstɹɔɪ.ɚ/ | 파괴자 |
| tear 동사 | /tɛɹ/ | 찢다 |
| silent 형용사 | /ˈsaɪ̯lənt/ | 조용하다 |
| fleet 명사 | /ˈfliːt/ | 함대, 선단 |
| explosion 명사 | /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ | 폭발 |
| sink 동사 | /ˈsɪŋk/ | 가라앉다 |
| burst 동사 | /bɜːst/ | 파열하다 |
| patrol 명사 | /pəˈtɹoʊl/ | 순찰 |
| defend 동사 | /dɪˈfɪnd/ | 방어하다 |
| cloud 명사 | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | 구름 |
| thick 형용사 | /θɪk/ | 두껍다 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| fall down 동사 | /fɔl ˈdaʊn/ | 떨어지다 |
| go down 동사 | 내려가다 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | been told · are outranged · be deployed |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | has just become · has crippled · have been converted |
주의할 발음
화자는 can't, doesn't, I'm 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 16번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: thick /θɪk/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/, smooth /smuːð/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: shell /ʃɛl/, explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, operational /ˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃə.nəl/, flagship /ˈflæɡʃɪp/, rush /ɹʌʃ/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: operational /ˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃə.nəl/, desperately /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/, celebration /ˌsɛl.ɪˈbɹeɪ.ʃən/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, bomber, shell, bullet 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.