쉐도잉 연습: Why did Communist Vietnam invade Communist Cambodia? (Animated History Documentary) - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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The Cold War is often presented as two near unified blocs competing against each other for global dominance.
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The Cold War is often presented as two near unified blocs competing against each other for global dominance.
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The democratic capitalist world on the one hand and the communist world on the other.
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And whilst we all know that the nations within them didn't always get along,
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open warfare between members of those blocs was rare.
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One notable example of this is when communist Vietnam launched a full-scale invasion of its communist neighbour Cambodia,
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in spite of Cambodia's help during its war against America.
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So what exactly led to this?
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Why did Vietnam invade its neighbour,
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former ally and co-revolutionary and what did it want to achieve?
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So, as you'll know, Vietnam spent the 1960s divided into two halves,
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the North being Communist and the South being Capitalist.
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These two were supposed to remain distinct nations,
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but it wasn't long before fighting erupted,
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America got involved, and so, Vietnam War.
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Whilst this was ongoing, neighbouring Cambodia was also embroiled in a civil war in
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which both Communist governments aided the other where they could.
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North Vietnam eventually conquered the South as the Americans were leaving and unified the country under Communist rule.
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About two weeks before the Northern Vietnamese victory over the South,
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Pol Pot had put an end to the Khmer Republic and established a communist government in Cambodia,
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which was renamed to Democratic Kampuchea whose government is better known as the Khmer Rouge.
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So initially, these two governments celebrated their neighbours' success,
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and roughly four seconds later went back to hating each other.
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Why?
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Well, there were two main reasons for this animosity.
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The first was that Vietnam had historically invaded and subjugated Cambodia,
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which people there remembered.
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And even during the communist insurrection against the French,
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the resistance was dominated by the Vietnamese,
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which led to some resentment.
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The second reason was Cold War politics.
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As you'll know, China and the USSR had previously had a falling out.
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And whilst Vietnam had been supported in its war primarily by the USSR,
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the Khmer Rouge had received most of its support from China.
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As a result, the two were worried about being victims of invasion by the other if things got heated.
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So, after taking power, Pol Pot wanted to reset Cambodian society.
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This meant that it was time to purge everyone who potentially could have opposed him or communist rule.
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He targeted, and I use the term very lightly,
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former political and military leaders,
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religious minorities, ethnic minorities, and this purge would soon be known as the Cambodian Genocide
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because within a four-year period it saw the untimely end of about a quarter of Cambodia's pre-Pol Pot population.
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As a part of this purge and,
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in order to shore up his popularity,
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Pol Pot called upon Cambodians to resist the Vietnamese,
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whom he claimed were planning on conquering the country.
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By 1978, thanks to help from China,
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Cambodia's military had grown in strength.
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And so, it launched border raids into Vietnam with the hope of bullying them into submission.
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And, to the surprise of exactly one person, this didn't work.
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Pol Pot decided that this failure wasn't down to him invading a much stronger neighbour,
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but was in fact down to betrayal.
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And so, it was obviously time for another purge,
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this time of the army and the government again.
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And some of those who were targeted fled to Vietnam.
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And not long after this,
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their new protectors, with its much stronger military,
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launched an invasion to remove Pol Pot.
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The reason being to establish a neighbouring government that was both more friendly and much less mass murdery.
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The invasion didn't take very long and Pol Pot's government collapsed in about two weeks and Vietnam then installed a puppet government.
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The Vietnamese were seen as both liberators and invaders by the Cambodians.
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And given how objectively dreadful Pol Pot was,
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the international community saw the Vietnamese invasion largely as a humanitarian one.
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Vietnam had hoped to leverage this with the hope of obtaining international recognition for Cambodia's new government.
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However, this didn't happen because China was worried about Vietnam conquering former French Indochina,
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which would then place a powerful Soviet ally on their southern border.
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And the West opposed it for two reasons.
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The first being that watching communist governments fight each other was always hilarious,
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and two, it would require them to acknowledge that Hanoi's communist government had done a good thing,
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which obviously wasn't going to happen.
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After a decade of fighting against guerrilla resistance,
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the Cold War was coming to a close.
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And so Vietnam announced that it was going to leave Cambodia,
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and the Cambodian government agreed that it would reform under the supervision of the United Nations.
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A peace treaty was agreed,
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some of the nation's former politicians were allowed to return,
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Cambodia restored its monarchy and reformed itself into the modern nation of Cambodia,
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which still exists to this day.
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I hope you enjoyed this episode with a special thanks to my patrons.
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Yudhwan Wang, Wyan Hockey, Anthony Beckett,
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Charles I, and Lord Beek.

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이번 수업에서는 영국의 역사 속 사건 중 하나인 베트남과 캄보디아 간의 전쟁에 대해 배웁니다. 이 수업을 통해 영어 회화 연습을 하면서, 역사적 사건의 맥락을 이해하고 관련된 어휘와 표현을 익힐 수 있습니다. 또한, 이 비디오의 내용을 바탕으로 자연스럽게 영어를 말하는 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 기회를 제공합니다.

핵심 어휘 및 구문

  • 공산주의 (Communism): 정치적 이념으로, 자본주의와 대립하는 사상입니다.
  • 침공 (Invasion): 무력으로 타국에 들어가는 행위입니다.
  • 민주 공화국 (Democratic Republic): 정치적으로 자유로운 체제를 갖춘 정부 형태입니다.
  • 전쟁 (War): 국가 간 무력 충돌을 의미합니다.
  • 민족적 소수자 (Ethnic Minorities): 특정 민족에 속하는 소수 집단을 의미합니다.
  • 소득 (Purge): 반대 세력을 제거하는 행위를 의미합니다.
  • 냉전 (Cold War): 자본주의 진영과 공산주의 진영 간의 정치적 긴장을 설명하는 용어입니다.
  • 군사 작전 (Military Operation): 군대에 의해 이루어지는 작전입니다.

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