Shadowing Practice: Things to Know Before Reading Pride and Prejudice | How to Read Jane Austen for Beginners - Learn English Speaking with Video
Kies een oefenmodus
Elke modus opent een volledig scherm oefenruimte.
336 zinnen
Als zinnen te kort of te lang zijn, klik op Bewerken om ze aan te passen.
1
So have you ever been watching Pride and Prejudice and it's just
2
so great and romantic and it inspires you to read the book, but then you open the book and what do you find?
3
Yes, it's a classic masterpiece, but it's full of confusing language and strange etiquette and who even knows what's going on in this thing.
4
Well, that is why this video is here to help you understand all the things
5
that you need to know before reading Pride and Prejudice so that you can have a smoother time
6
enjoying the world of Elizabeth and Darcy.
7
So if you would like to learn all about that then definitely stay tuned for today's video.
8
My name is Ellie Dashwood and this is my channel where we talk about history and literature.
9
If you like either of those things please subscribe.
10
So in preparation for making this video, I actually went online and read a lot of one star Pride and Prejudice reviews.
11
These are the people who bought Pride and Prejudice, read Pride and Prejudice, and then just really disliked it for one reason or the other.
12
And I discovered that there was a common theme among most of them.
13
The vast majority of the commons could be boiled down to the same common problem
14
that could be fixed by one fact about Pride and Prejudice alone.
15
And that fact is that Pride and Prejudice was published in 1813.
16
That makes it about 209 years old.
17
Now that might seem like a really basic fact, but it actually changes everything.
18
Why?
19
Well, there's this famous quote that goes, the past is a different country.
20
They do things differently there.
21
And that is so, so, so true when it comes to Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice.
22
She lived in a world that is totally different from us.
23
It really is like a different country where people speak and think and act differently.
24
So here in today's video, we're going to be breaking down some of those differences.
25
For example, in the way they think, they act, they make money, they get married, they even write.
26
Because I know a lot of people also struggle with the way Jane Austen writes
27
and that has a huge historical component to it as well.
28
First up, let's talk about how they speak differently.
29
So it will probably come as no surprise to you that language changes.
30
Even in my own lifetime, I've seen major shifts in language.
31
I don't understand a lot of like the new
32
and trending phrases on the internet unless I ask my teenage sister what it means.
33
And then when I do, she's like, you're old.
34
Over the past 200 years, the English language has changed dramatically.
35
And that's definitely one of the first things people notice when they start reading Pride and Prejudice.
36
The language itself is different.
37
It's not the English as native English speakers we speak today.
38
Some of the major components of this is Jane Austen is definitely using more complicated sentence structures than we often do today.
39
But also a lot of the words themselves are different.
40
Austen uses a lot of words that have either completely fallen out of everyday use or have changed their meaning throughout time.
41
So for example, one of the phrases we hear a lot in all of her books
42
and general literature from the time is affected manners or unaffected manners.
43
So for example, when we first meet Mr. Bingley in the story, we get this description of him that he has easy unaffected manners.
44
Now, if you say the terms unaffected manners or affected manners to most anyone today,
45
you're gonna get a blank stare because these are not words we normally use.
46
What did affected manners mean in Jane Austen's time?
47
Well, basically it meant someone was acting fake.
48
And so if we really break down the phrase, effect means pretty much to act.
49
So these people are acting like they have better different qualities or manners than they really do.
50
Affected manners would be like a fake mask.
51
Someone would put over their true qualities.
52
Now, why would someone do this?
53
So that they could appear to better social advantage in society.
54
We're talking about an era that had a strict code of conduct, very defined limits between what was acceptable
55
and non-acceptable behavior based on your social class and on your gender and on your age, on your marital status.
56
There were so many restrictions on them.
57
They had more reason than ever to pretend to be something they weren't
58
because being who they really were was not always socially acceptable.
59
For example, a young lady might be naturally self-confident and with it, but she knows that Regency Society thinks young ladies should be demure
60
and bashful and she may act that way when around others, even though that's not really who she is on the inside because she's trying to affect,
61
she's trying to act like society would like her to.
62
Now personally, me, my everyday life, unless I'm talking to someone who's clearly being fake like a car salesman or something,
63
I don't generally go around asking myself, does this person I met just have affected manners?
64
Right?
65
I don't think most people do, but in the Regency they really did.
66
That was one of the major things they looked for when they met someone new.
67
It was like, is this person tall or short?
68
Rich or poor?
69
Affected or unaffected?
70
Which I think this really demonstrates another important difference between their time and ours, which is the fact that they thought differently.
71
They were using phrases like affected manners to express concepts that were different from ours.
72
Now let's talk about how they really did think about the world in a fundamentally different way than we do.
73
So the first line of Pride and Prejudice starts out, it is a truth universally acknowledged.
74
And really every generation has its truth that to them are universally acknowledged.
75
For example, most people in our modern era do in fact recognize that the earth is a globe.
76
However, there were whole generations of people on the planet
77
that thought the earth was flat and that you might sail off the edge of it if you went too far.
78
This just shows that different generations have different ideas and they just very strongly believe in those said ideas.
79
They think it is reality.
80
Likewise, Jane Austen's era had many ideas that to them were absolute reality.
81
They had far different ideas about human rights and equality
82
and women and marriage and religion and science and so many different things.
83
And really so many of the fundamental building blocks were different in the era.
84
However, they also had a lot of ideas and ideals that we don't even tend to think about anymore as a society.
85
A good example of this is the concept of the picturesque.
86
So in the most basic terms, something is picturesque landscape-wise if it would make a beautiful picture.
87
So for example, if you see a really pretty sunset and you're like, I gotta pull out my phone to take a picture of this.
88
It's at that moment you decided that sunset is picturesque.
89
It's pretty enough to become a picture.
90
However, in Jane Austen's time, this concept went so much deeper.
91
There were theories and rules and taste and criticism involved in the picturesque.
92
The people who understood what was truly picturesque were seen as superior to those who either pretended or honestly were like, I don't care about the picturesque.
93
Now this might seem just like a really obscure topic.
94
However, there are whole scenes in Jane Austen's books that would make almost no sense if you don't understand this idea.
95
And for Regency readers reading these scenes about characters interacting with the picturesque, it would have been character defining for them.
96
They're like, oh, this character is one of those people who truly understands the picturesque.
97
They're a picturesque connoisseur.
98
I have all these preconceived ideas and judgments of them because of this.
99
So really even an idea as basic as what the picturesque was, was important to the time and it's important to understanding the story.
100
And in understanding characters within that story, as I said, it was a character defining trait.
101
Now you may have noticed with someone being affected or unaffected or appreciating the picturesque or not,
102
there seems to be a lot of character defining traits in the Regency era.
103
And that is definitely true, especially in this next topic we're going to delve into, which is they acted differently.
104
So I think one of the main things people immediately connect with Jane Austen books is etiquette.
105
They're like, those books, they're full of etiquette.
106
If I ever met Jane Austen, she would look down on me because I'm not good at etiquette.
107
And really that scene in Pride and Prejudice when Darcy runs into Elizabeth at his house, and it's so awkward.
108
And the first thing he does is ask if her family is in good health.
109
I mean, the thing has become a meme because it's like he has incredible etiquette, even amid awkwardness.
110
And really the Regency world was full of etiquette and codes of conduct and manners.
111
As I've spoken about in other videos, they lived in a social hierarchy based society that had a huge emphasis on respect.
112
They had to constantly know their own social status as opposed to everyone they're around so that they could act accordingly.
113
They needed to know how to curtsy and who to curtsy to.
114
They needed to know how to pay social calls, start relationships, end relationships.
115
Even just greeting people on the street had rules.
116
All of this gave them a lot of different social constraints.
117
They couldn't just say the things they wanted to.
118
They couldn't act the way they wished they could.
119
However, it also gave them a lot of security and stability in different social situations.
120
They knew what to do.
121
There was like a formula they could fall back on.
122
So for example, in the first couple chapters of Pride and Prejudice, we see this new guy move into the Bennett's neighborhood and Mrs. Bennett tells Mr. Bennett, you should go visit him.
123
Now there are rules Mr. Bennett needs to visit him in the afternoon for about 15 minutes
124
and cover acceptable topics of conversation.
125
Bennett doesn't have to guess what he needs to do.
126
It's very well laid out for him his requirements.
127
Now depending on how you look at it, these social conventions can be seen as helpful and comforting or stressful and oppressive.
128
And we really see them presented as both in Jane Austen's books.
129
We see Mr. Darcy again falling back on that ability just to ask about her family's health in a super awkward situation.
130
Just think, what would Darcy have done otherwise?
131
It would have been extra awkward had he not had anything to say.
132
Meanwhile, when we have Elizabeth not wanting to dance with an unwanted suitor at the Netherfield ball,
133
she doesn't have really the ability to tell him no. Thereby, social conventions are causing her social humiliation.
134
For better or worse, this etiquette was there running their lives and sometimes ruining their lives.
135
However, their standards of conduct went so much deeper than surface stuff like how to curtsy or how to be introduced.
136
For example, to be a gentleman, a man was supposed to live up to a code of conduct where he was supposed to be honorable
137
and gallant and be protective of the women around him and just be generally caring and considerate and well-mannered.
138
Meanwhile, women were supposed to be accomplished and virtuous and chaste and pious.
139
This created very distinct gender norms in the era that affected every aspect of their lives.
140
So for example, when we see young women going to balls to dance with possible suitors, there were rules in place.
141
Young women needed a chaperone or a married woman to go with them to protect their character and their purity.
142
That chaperone was usually their mother but it could be another responsible married woman like an older sister, an aunt, or a family friend.
143
Meanwhile, did young men need chaperones to go to balls?
144
No. They enjoyed much more freedom in the era personally and honestly sexually.
145
There was a major double sexual standard when it came to men and women but that's a whole other topic.
146
This does lead us to the next major thing they did different in the era though which is get married.
147
So people joke that Jane Austen books don't end until everybody is married and it's pretty much true.
148
One of the reasons marriage is such a fundamental aspect of her novels is
149
because the time period viewed marriage very differently from how it's viewed today.
150
One basic reason is because more or less there was no divorce.
151
It's estimated that about 40% of people who get married today in the United Kingdom will get divorced.
152
Thousands and thousands of divorces happen every single year.
153
Now, what was it like in 1800?
154
Well, in the early 1800s, if like five couples got divorced that year, that was a major year for divorce.
155
It's like, wow, five couples got divorced this year.
156
Who knows what's becoming of marriage these days?
157
So when a young couple got married in the Regency era, the expectation and the reality was they were going to be married until one of them died.
158
That in itself heightens the intensity around marriage, that there was no easier way of getting out of it.
159
You had to make sure you really wanted to be married to that person.
160
But the thing that complicates marriage in the Regency even more is the money matters.
161
Gonna talk more about how they made money in a minute.
162
But most basically the upper class in the Regency era, their families were dual incomes.
163
They required money coming in both from the husband and from the wife.
164
Now a lot of people think of dual incomes as being a modern concept
165
but it's really not and it was actually the standard for their class.
166
Both a woman would be trying to marry a man with enough money
167
and the lesser talked about fact but very very very true fact was young men also needed to marry women with money.
168
They both needed to marry money in order to maintain their comfortable lifestyles.
169
However, they also were a very romantic generation.
170
They wanted to love someone when they married them and that person needed to be of the right social class.
171
So here we see they have to be at least somewhat rich.
172
They needed to be of the right social class.
173
You had to like them.
174
You had love them, you had to be okay being stuck with them until one of you guys died.
175
That's a lot to ask for marriage and this could get complicated by so many factors.
176
For example, what if you don't have enough money to attract a mate?
177
Or what if you have a lot of money and you attract fortune hunters?
178
Or what if you fall in love with someone who's not of the same social class?
179
So much drama could go down.
180
Now you could say, well they could just not get married and that was an option for the wealthier members of society, both men and women.
181
They didn't have to get married, but for a lot of people to really achieve
182
that comfortable lifestyle they were going for required the combining of resources in some way in that marriage.
183
Especially for young women, there were not a lot of occupations
184
that were acceptable or appealing for young women of the upper class.
185
And really none of those occupations they could have gone into would have maintained them in the upper class
186
that it would have been a huge hit to their social standing and their finances to go into any of them.
187
The true path for financial security for women in this era was either to be rich themselves
188
or to marry a rich man.
189
And for the majority of women, they only really had the marry a rich man option.
190
Which speaking of money, how on earth do any of the Pride and Prejudice characters even get money, right?
191
Let's talk about that.
192
Welcome to the section of this video called, They Made Money Differently.
193
I know my sections of this video, they just have fascinating names, right?
194
Yeah.
195
This is one of the things I think that really confuses people when they first read Pride and Prejudice because it's like,
196
all these people do is gossip with each other at other people's houses and go to balls.
197
When do they work?
198
How are they rich?
199
Where's the money coming from?
200
Those are excellent questions and we're about to answer them here for you.
201
The two main groups of people we see in Pride and Prejudice are the landed gentry and those in trade.
202
First up let's talk about how the landed gentry made their money.
203
So who were the landed gentry?
204
Well basically they were families that owned a lot of land.
205
Now how they made money was from the land.
206
They would rent out the land and have tenants.
207
They would make money and other ways through agriculture, forestry, mining, residential or commercial development.
208
Basically think of these guys as major landlords.
209
Examples of landage entry that we have in the book are families like the Bennetts and the Darceys.
210
That's where their money is coming from.
211
Another way the landage entry made money was through investments.
212
They would save up money from those rents they would get from their tenants
213
and they would put them in investments that gave them four to 5% annually.
214
So for example, if a family invested 30,000 pounds,
215
they could expect to get 1,200 to 1,500 pounds back on that.
216
And that right there, that 1,500 would have been a very, very comfortable income for someone in the era.
217
Now this is how young women of these families ended up with money.
218
Their families would do one of these investments for them.
219
For example, in Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Darcy's sister Georgiana has 30,000 pounds.
220
That's going to give her that 1,200 to 1,500 annually to contribute to that dual income when she gets married.
221
That's what she's going to be bringing in.
222
And because the landed gentry most often married other members of the landed gentry, she could marry some young man who's going to inherit his father's estates.
223
And so he'd be bringing in the rental income from that as from being a landlord.
224
And combined, that would be how their family made money.
225
That's a very basic overview of this.
226
I go into this topic way deeper on so many videos on my channel.
227
Now let's talk about the second group in Pride and Prejudice is those in trade.
228
Now as the name might suggest, they made their money in business and commercial activity.
229
The families we see who've made money this way include the Bingley's, the Lucases and the Gardeners.
230
What's really interesting about the Bingley's and the Lucases though, is they're trying to transition from people being in trade to
231
the more socially prestigious aspect of being a member of the landed gentry.
232
They're trying to move up in social climb by leaving trade,
233
using money their family has saved up to buy land and transition into being members of the gentry.
234
The whole video on this topic as well so I'm not going to go into too much of that here.
235
All of these families ultimate goal in life was to live a life of leisure.
236
Of having to do nothing but pretty much run their estates with the help of servants and agents.
237
One of the things they would do in their leisure time though would be read novels.
238
So now let's talk about the fact that even novels were written differently back then.
239
So we can take the novel for kind of granted now, but it's actually a rather modern development.
240
It only came into the world about 30 years before Jane Austen herself was born.
241
This means that Jane Austen was an early pioneer of this new written form.
242
She really left her mark on it.
243
One of the things she was really noted for was her social realism.
244
So for example, she doesn't ever write about two perfect heroines getting kidnapped by murderous uncles and held hostage in Italian castles.
245
Right?
246
That's not her style.
247
She was very realistic in what she wrote.
248
And this brings us to another thing that her novels are usually noted for, which is they are novels of manners.
249
Or basically, she accurately maps the manners and social codes of her own era.
250
And in many ways, her works act as commentary on those.
251
For example, we see Jean Austin questioning the legitimacy and the basis of social norms in her era.
252
For example, in Prejudice, Lady Catherine de Bourgh is the highest socially ranking woman in the whole book.
253
And yet she doesn't really have the behavior that would befit a true lady.
254
Meanwhile, we see Mr. Collins, who we just tend to lose respect for throughout the whole story.
255
But again, he's supposed to represent that authority of the church.
256
Meanwhile, we even see within the family, Elizabeth's parents aren't exactly the people you can go to when times get tough.
257
Their parental authority is even lacking.
258
Jane Austen also uses something called free indirect discourse that many people say she even invented,
259
which is where her narrator can switch between the perspective of the different characters in the story
260
and sometimes it almost feels like that character has taken over the narration of the story itself.
261
A great example of this is the very first line of Pride and Prejudice when it says, it is a truth universally acknowledged
262
that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
263
Now if you really look at this line, it raises the question, who universally acknowledges this.
264
Is it the single men?
265
Not likely.
266
They doubtlessly have a whole variety of different things they're interested in life than just finding a wife,
267
especially in Jane Austen's era where quite a few wealthy men were notorious for just wanting to stay single their whole life.
268
Well, we discover exactly who thinks this a few lines down when it says, however little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood.
269
This truth is so well fixed in the minds of surrounding families
270
that he is considered as the rightful property of someone or other of their daughters.
271
So basically it's the families with eligible young daughters that think this.
272
So really from the very first line of Pride and Prejudice, Austen already has us in the head of a group of people.
273
A group of people who happen to have a very funny, un-universally acknowledged, self-serving belief.
274
This line in itself shows Jane Austen's keen interest in human nature,
275
her wit and irony, and advanced writing techniques that definitely left their mark on all novelists after her.
276
Now that we've discussed so many of the highlights of Jane Austen's writing, let's talk about how it's different from what we're used to as modern readers.
277
Jane Austen's writing is definitely one thing, not of the 21st century.
278
It's not even of the 20th century.
279
It's of 200 years ago and over the past 200 years, writing styles have definitely changed.
280
There's been developments and twists and turns
281
and now the way someone is taught to write a novel is completely different from how Austen wrote.
282
If Austen was back with me in college creative writing class sitting next to me, she'd get her paper back full of red pen.
283
The teacher would be telling her to show don't tell, to make sentences less complicated, basically to become a better writer.
284
Now does that mean that Jane Austen's book is not good?
285
Of course not.
286
It's simply not the style that is considered ideal today.
287
She's not on trend per se.
288
Because as modern readers we're used to reading modern writing, it can be hard to get used to Jane Austen's style.
289
I feel like this is especially true for people who really love reading historical fiction.
290
Why?
291
Because Pride and Prejudice is not historical fiction.
292
It's classic literature.
293
What is the difference?
294
Well, historical fiction is written by a modern author about a past time, while classic literature is written in the past time.
295
In other words, Jane Austen isn't a woman in 2022 writing about 1813.
296
She's a woman in 1813 writing about 1813.
297
And that's important because it dramatically changes the way an author writes a book.
298
In what ways?
299
Well, first, modern authors write according to those modern writing standards that we already talked about.
300
Basically, they write what we're used to reading.
301
Second, historical fiction authors are modern people themselves writing for a modern audience.
302
They're not going to include confusing references to the picturesque because A, that's not how they think themselves and B,
303
they know that's not something that their audience would understand.
304
Third, and I think one of the biggest issues
305
when it comes to historical fiction is historical fiction authors explain historical facts while Jane Austen assumes her audience already knows.
306
Jane Austen was writing her books for her contemporaries living right there next to her in Regency England.
307
She didn't need to explain how carriages worked or different social etiquette
308
or the duties of a housemaid because everybody she was writing for already knew.
309
However, when historical fiction author writes about these things, they often tend to try to explain things or bridge that gap of understanding for their audience.
310
When a reader who's used to an author explaining things like that encounters Pride and Prejudice, where Jane Austen assumes everyone already knows,
311
it can be a bit of a shock.
312
All of this dives back into the most basic fact we've been examining here.
313
Pride and Prejudice was published in 1813 and they did things differently back then.
314
As we've seen in this video, they spoke differently, thought differently, married differently, made money differently, wrote differently.
315
They even looked at nature differently.
316
And really it's those differences I think that make Pride and Prejudice hard for modern readers to understand.
317
It's what makes it frustrating.
318
It prevents them from enjoying the Darcy and Elizabeth romance because there's just too much etiquette going on.
319
How do you overcome this and really get to appreciate Jane Austen's masterpiece?
320
Well a major factor is learning more about history, learning more about Jane Austen and the writing of the period.
321
And that's actually one of the major aims of my YouTube channel.
322
Here we talk about history, literature, and helping us understand important questions like, is Mr. Darcy really rich?
323
Are the Bennets poor?
324
And does Elizabeth even love Darcy?
325
Major romantic questions happen in there.
326
And so really these videos are there to help bridge
327
that gap between our era and their era so that you can appreciate your favorite books.
328
even better.
329
Let me know in the comments down below what are some of the biggest questions you've had
330
while reading Pride and Prejudice or watching the movie even.
331
What confuses you?
332
What's the most frustrating thing about the story or the writing?
333
Let me know in the comments down below and make sure to subscribe
334
if you would like to learn more and ultimately keep being awesome because you're awesome.
335
Bye!
336
Thank you.
App downloaden
Alles wat je nodig hebt om vloeiend te spreken
AI UitspraakScoor elke zin
IPA OefeningBeheers elk geluid
WoordenschatBouw je woordenschat op
WoordenspelLeren terwijl je speelt
✨ Aanbevolen Video
![Pride and Prejudice - Chapter 1 [Audiobook]](https://img.youtube.com/vi/1iEH6aEEl0w/mqdefault.jpg)
C11
67 zinnen
Pride and Prejudice - Chapter 1 [Audiobook]
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
95 zinnen
How to “Actually” Read in English (Learn Ideas + Absorb Real English)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
130 zinnen
English Story (B2) - 🏠 She Hosted a Party. No One Came–But Everyone Watched | FREE PDF + Vocabulary!
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
188 zinnen
15 Things British People Secretly Judge You For 🇬🇧
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
383 zinnen
Learn English BLACKPINK's JENNIE
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B22
424 zinnen
Keira Knightley & Rosamund Pike Reunite 20 Years After 'Pride & Prejudice' | Vanity Fair
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
189 zinnen
Real British Conversations in Bath (England’s Most Beautiful City?) 🇬🇧
British AccentTravel EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
124 zinnen
You are absolutely fluent in English if you can understand these
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
238 zinnen
Learn English with The PRINCESS DIARIES — Fancy Dinner
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B24
106 zinnen
Advanced Speaking Practice (Persuasive Techniques)
Interview EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B22
185 zinnen
How much REAL English can you understand? (native speed)
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
47 zinnen
Pride and Prejudice | Summary & Analysis | Jane Austen
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau B2 is gebaseerd op de video “Things to Know Before Reading Pride and Prejudice”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: Jane, Prejudice, Pride. Deze video bevat 336 zinnen en 4649 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 27:33. De spreker praat in een natuurlijk tempo van ongeveer 169 woorden per minuut, dicht bij een alledaags gesprek. 85% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| picturesque bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˌpɪkt͡ʃəˈɹɛsk/ | pittoresk, schilderachtig |
| etiquette zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈɛt.ɪˌkɛt/ | etiquette |
| unaffected bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˌʌnəˈfɛktɪd/ | ongeveinsd |
| confuse werkwoord | /kənˈfjuːz/ | verwarren, in de war brengen |
| acknowledge werkwoord | /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ | bekennen, erkennen |
| curtsey zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈkɝtsɪ/ | nijging |
| frustrate werkwoord | /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/ | frustreren |
| trait zelfstandig naamwoord | /tɹeɪt/ | karaktereigenschap trek |
| tenant zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtɛ.nənt/ | bewoner, huurder |
| masterpiece zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈmæstɚˌpis/ | meesterwerk |
| leisure zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/ | vrije tijd |
| norm zelfstandig naamwoord | /nɔːm/ | norm |
| subscribe werkwoord | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | abonneren |
| sunset zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈsʌnˌsɛt/ | zonsondergang |
| annually bijwoord | /ˈæn.jʊə.li/ | jaarlijks |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| break down werkwoord | stukgaan, kapot gaan |
| go down werkwoord | afdalen |
| look down on werkwoord | neerkijken op |
| take over werkwoord | overnemen |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- First up, let's talk about how they speak differently.
- Who knows what's becoming of marriage these days?
- Where's the money coming from?
- Basically, they write what we're used to reading.
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — iets dat eerder begon en nog bezig is | have you ever been watching · we've been examining |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | I've seen · has changed · have changed |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | could be boiled · could be fixed · was published |
| Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of ding | people who bought · ours, which is · people who understood |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 55 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals don't, they're, we're. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, chaperone /ˈʃæ.pəˌɹoʊn/, leisure /ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/, occupation /ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/, restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: unaffected /ˌʌnəˈfɛktɪd/, universally /ˌjunɪˈvɝsəli/, occupation /ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/, realism /ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/, hierarchy /ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: unaffected /ˌʌnəˈfɛktɪd/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, acknowledge /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, unwanted /ʌnˈwɒntɪd/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: chaperone /ˈʃæ.pəˌɹoʊn/, masterpiece /ˈmæstɚˌpis/, annually /ˈæn.jʊə.li/, fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, kidnap /ˈkɪdnæp/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: greet /ɡɹiːt/, gossip /ˈɡɑsɪp/, examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als picturesque, etiquette, unaffected.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.