Практика Shadowing: The Amazing Power of Magnets | SciShow Kids Compilation - Изучайте разговорный английский с YouTube
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Oh hi!
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Squeaks and I were just playing with magnets.
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Watch this.
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I know, right?
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Magnets are kind of amazing.
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Squeaks has so many questions about magnets.
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Let's start with what they're made of and what they can do do.
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This is one of my favorite toys!
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All I have to do is hold them like this,
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and they stick together without any glue or tape.
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Maybe you have a toy like ours,
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one that has parts that stick together,
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or maybe you have letters that stick to your refrigerator or a whiteboard.
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But did you ever wonder why they don't just fall to the ground?
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Well, it's because they use magnets.
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A magnet is something that can put a special kind of force on something else.
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A force can be a push or a pull.
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A lot of the time,
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we think about a magnet as attracting or pulling on something else.
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The magnets that are in my toy pull on or attract this little ball,
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and when they get close enough,
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they stick to each other.
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If you have a magnet at home,
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you can see how it attracts this kind of a paperclip.
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If I move the magnet slowly toward the paperclip,
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the magnet pulls on the paperclip until the two objects are completely stuck together.
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And once they're stuck, they stay stuck until I put a force of my own on the paperclip by pulling them apart.
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You might have noticed that I didn't even have to touch the magnet to the paperclip to get them to stick together.
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That's because there's an invisible area all around the magnet that can attract certain things,
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called the magnetic field.
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You can see how strong a magnet is by seeing how
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close you have to get to the object before the magnet starts to pull.
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If your magnet is pretty strong,
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it'll be able to pull objects that are farther away than weaker magnets.
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And a magnetic field can do some pretty neat things.
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Check this out.
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If I put my paper clip on top of this paper,
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and my magnet below the paper,
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I can move the paper clip without using my fingers at all!
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That's because the invisible magnetic field pulls on the paper clip right through the paper.
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Even though the magnet isn't actually touching the paper clip,
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it's still pulling on it.
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And that's enough to make the paperclip move.
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But just because something is attracted by a magnet,
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that doesn't mean it's a magnet itself.
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For example, we just saw that my magnet sticks to this paperclip,
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but the paperclip won't attract or stick to another paperclip.
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That's because it's the magnet that's special and doing the attracting.
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Now, magnets don't attract all things.
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For example, this magnet doesn't stick to me,
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but it does stick to Squeak's nose.
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The magnet also isn't attracted to the table.
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But we already know it attracts the paperclip!
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Hmm, I wonder what other things will stick to my magnet.
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Let's go find some stuff around the fort and do an experiment!
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OK, I have some spoons from the fort's kitchen.
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Let's play a game!
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I'll hold up a spoon,
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and you and Squeaks can guess if the magnet will attract it or not.
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First, let's try this wooden spoon.
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What do you think, Squeaks?
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Good guess!
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Let's try it!
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You're right!
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It doesn't attract the wood!
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OK, let's try this plastic spoon.
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What do you think, Squeaks?
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No again?
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Let's try.
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You're right again!
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Magnets don't attract plastic.
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OK, let's try our last one.
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What do you think?
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Is it going to stick?
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All right, let's try.
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Ah, they do!
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They stick!
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Look at that.
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So let's see.
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Of all the things we tried,
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the magnet was only attracted to Squeaks' face,
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the little tiny ball, the paperclip, and this spoon.
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And there's something they all have in common — something that makes them similar enough to be attracted to my magnet.
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What do you think it is, Squeaks?
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You're right!
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They are all made of metal!
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Things that are made of metal are usually pretty shiny,
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and they're often hard
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and kind of heavy for their size — like how the metal spoon is heavier than the plastic spoon,
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even though they're around the same size.
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A magnet attracts things that have metal in them,
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but only certain kinds of metal, not all kinds.
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Our magnet attracts this paper clip,
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but not this coin, even though they're both made of metal.
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One type of metal that is attracted to magnets is called iron.
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People use iron to make lots of different things,
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like fences and gates, some kinds of pots and pans,
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and lots of tools, like nails and screws.
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And when a magnet sticks to a fridge,
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that's because there's iron inside the door,
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even though you can't see it.
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People use metals like iron to make something else, too.
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Iron is one of a group of special metals that people can make into magnets.
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Iron can do both!
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It can be a magnet,
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and it can be attracted to a magnet.
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If you're curious about what other kinds of things are attracted to magnets,
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you can ask a grown-up to help you experiment.
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If you have a magnet,
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you can hold it up to different kinds of things,
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and see if you can guess what the magnet will attract.
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It's pretty cool that magnets can grab metal with an invisible force.
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But magnets can repel or push each other away,
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too, which allowed Squeaks and I to learn an awesome magnet trick!
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Oh, hi everyone!
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You're just in time!
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I've been working on some new experiments,
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and I'm so excited to show you my latest one!
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I can make this ordinary magnet float in the air!
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Thanks, Squeaks!
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I'm excited, too!
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Let's get started!
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All right, first, we take this marker and we stick it to the table.
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I'm using some modeling clay to make it stick.
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Next, I take one magnet ring and slide it down to the bottom of the marker.
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Now, very carefully, I take the next magnet ring and lower it down the marker until… Presto!
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A floating magnet!
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Squeaks, it's not exactly a magic trick.
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It's more like a magnet trick,
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because magnets can do all sorts of amazing things.
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Magnets are special objects made with metals.
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I bet you have some in your classroom or your home,
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like maybe stuck to a refrigerator,
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or whiteboard, or in a toy.
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And the important thing about magnets is they can make forces.
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A force is a push or a pull.
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And magnets can push or pull on things made with many kinds of metal,
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like paper clips or nails.
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That's why you sometimes see magnets stuck to refrigerators.
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They can pull so hard on the metal inside the refrigerator that they'll stick to it.
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We call things magnets pull on, like refrigerators, magnetic.
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And get this!
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Magnets don't even need to be touching something to push or pull on it!
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That's one of the things that makes magnets so cool!
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I agree!
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Magnets are really fun to play with!
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Now, testing to see if different things are magnetic can be fun by itself.
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But really interesting things happen when you put two magnets together.
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Check this out!
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Sometimes the magnets pull on each other,
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so they stick together really hard.
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But now, look what happens when I flip this magnet over.
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I can't push them together!
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It's just like my floating magnet experiment.
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The two magnets won't touch.
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It almost feels like they're pushing against each other.
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Oh, good question, Squeaks!
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Why does this happen?
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Well, magnets have two sides.
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We call them the North Pole and the South Pole.
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Exactly, Squeaks!
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It's a lot like the North and South Pole that you see on a map of the Earth.
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In fact, Earth is a giant magnet!
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But that's a different story,
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one we'll talk about soon.
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When I hold the North Pole of one magnet and the South Pole of another magnet near each other,
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each magnet makes a really strong force,
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and the two pull together.
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We say that they attract each other.
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They actually pull on each other pretty hard,
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so I'm being careful that they don't pinch my fingers.
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Now, when I hold two North poles together, the opposite happens.
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The magnets push against each other and won't stick.
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In other words, we say that the magnets repel each other.
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So different poles attract each other,
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and same poles repel each other.
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Hey, maybe that's why they say opposites attract.
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Oh, you've got it, Squeaks!
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In my experiment, the two magnets on the marker are repelling each other.
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This one has the North Pole facing up,
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and this one has the North Pole facing down.
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So the two push against each other.
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Right now, the side on the top is a South Pole.
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So if I wanted to add another floating magnet ring,
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which side should I put facing the other magnets?
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North or South?
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South Pole?
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Let's try it.
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You were right!
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Nice work, buddy!
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The matching sides are facing each other,
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so the magnets repel each other and float!
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You can use magnets to do all kinds of fun experiments!
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You could try this floating magnet ring experiment at home,
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or try something new!
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Maybe you could try attracting magnets to hold together sheets in a blanket fort,
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or you could try to balance things on repelling magnets!
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Aw, Squeaks, that's a fun idea!
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We could use magnets to put some art up on the fridge!
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We could start our own magnet art gallery!
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Humans aren't the only ones who use magnets.
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Animals like turtles use the Earth's magnetic field to find their way around.
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Our friend Dr. Turtleman stopped by to teach us just that.
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And then we'll head south after that.
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Hi everyone!
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Squeaks and I are going to take a hike through the woods.
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I heard there's a really pretty waterfall in the area,
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so we're planning a hike to check it out.
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Are you excited, Squeaks?
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Oh, are you okay?
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Oh, I see!
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Squeaks is a little bit worried that we might get lost in the woods.
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That's okay, Squeaks!
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Walking in the woods is a lot different than walking around the fort.
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But don't worry, we're going to take steps to make sure we don't get lost!
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That's why we're making a hiking plan before we leave,
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and part of that plan is to make sure we take along our trusty compass!
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We can use it to help us figure out which direction we're going,
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and keep us from getting lost.
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Hi, Chessie!
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Hi, Squeaks!
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Oh, look who it is!
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It's our friend, Dr. Turtleman!
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Oh, good idea, Squeaks!
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Dr. Turtleman does travel a lot.
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Maybe we can ask him what he does to keep from getting lost.
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If you've got questions about travel,
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I'm definitely the reptile to ask.
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Sea turtles take long trips every year, and I mean long!
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Some turtles swim thousands of kilometers across the ocean to find food,
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and we can find our way back home from anywhere in the world.
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You're right, Squeaks.
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There aren't any roads or trails for turtles to follow in the ocean.
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That's because we don't need them.
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Like many sea turtles, I can find my way around or navigate without following roads.
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I don't even need to use a map or a computer.
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Whoa, that's like a superpower.
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It's a science power, and the power has to do with magnets.
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You see, magnets have two ends called poles.
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And one end of a magnet is called the North Pole,
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the other is called the South Pole.
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And these poles can pull on each other.
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We call this pulling force magnetic attraction.
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Magnetic attraction is why you can use magnets to pick up some things made of metal,
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like paper clips.
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The magnets pull on them hard enough to pick them up.
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And we call anything that gets pulled by a magnet magnetic.
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Exactly!
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Now our Earth also kind of acts like a big magnet.
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It even has poles.
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And they can also pull on some things or attract them.
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That includes the needle on your compass because it's made out of a magnetic metal.
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So your compass needle points toward north because its ends are being pulled on by the Earth's magnetic poles.
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And that's why a compass is so helpful for finding your way around.
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That's right!
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And in a way, sea turtles like me carry a compass everywhere we go.
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Because we have something similar inside our heads.
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We have this stuff in our brains called magnetite.
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It's a kind of magnetic rock,
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so it gets pulled on by the Earth's magnetic poles,
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much like the needle of your compass.
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And because we have these teeny tiny bits of magnetite in our brains,
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we can always sense which way is north.
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And that really helps us find our way around.
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That's so cool!
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It is!
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This special sense even has a cool name.
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It's called magnetoreception.
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And turtles aren't the only ones that use it.
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Scientists think other kinds of animals use magnetoreception to help them get where they want to go,
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including birds, frogs, and dolphins.
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Compasses, whether inside or out,
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are just so great when you don't want to get lost.
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So what do you think, Squeaks?
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Do you feel a little bit better knowing we'll have a compass with us on our hike?
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I'm so glad!
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Thank you, Dr. Turtleman, for teaching us all about magnetoreception.
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You're welcome, Jessie!
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Have fun on your hike!
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Bye!
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You're right, Squeaks!
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It is amazing that turtles can navigate using magnetoreception.
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But we can sort of do the same thing with compasses.
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Remember when we learned to build one?
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Oh!
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Hi everyone!
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Squeaks is supposed to meet me here in the lab,
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but he's not here yet.
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I wonder what's taking him so long.
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I'm super excited to see him because he promised he'd show me his new magnet.
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Oh, there you are, Squeaks!
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Is everything okay?
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Oh, I see.
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Squeaks was trying out his new magnet by the river,
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and the path there is really long and windy.
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So it took him a while to find his way back to the fort.
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The river is directly south of here.
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If only you had had a compass,
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then you could have taken a shortcut.
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A compass, it's a tool that can tell you what direction you're going.
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And if you know what direction you're going,
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you can find your way around without getting lost.
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People have been using compasses for thousands of years to explore the world.
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They can be big or small, fancy or plain.
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But they have an important thing in common.
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They have some kind of arrow or needle that points north.
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So if we had a compass right now,
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its needle would point this way.
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Because that's north.
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In fact, we can use your magnet to make your own compass right here at the fort.
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What do you say, Squeaks?
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Alright, let's do it!
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You can make a compass too,
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just make sure you get a grown-up to help you.
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To make a compass, you'll need a sewing needle,
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a piece of aluminum foil,
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and a clear container of water with a flat bottom.
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Oh yes, and a magnet!
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Thanks, Squeaks!
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This is definitely where you'll want help from a grown-up.
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First, carefully pick up the sewing needle and hold it by the end that has the hole in it.
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Now, drag the magnet along the needle slowly from the end with the hole to the pointy end, like this.
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You'll need to do this about 15 or 20 times,
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and always make sure you're doing it the same way,
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from the hole end to the needle point.
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Next, we'll need to fold our foil into a little boat of sorts,
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and then poke the needle through it.
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Again, make sure a grown-up helps you with this.
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Trust me, poking your finger with the needle hurts.
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Now we're ready to finish our compass.
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All we have to do is gently float the foil on the water in our bowl.
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Wait a second, and… look!
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The needle turned, and it is now pointing north.
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We did it!
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Good question, Squeaks!
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But before I explain what happened in this experiment,
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let me explain how compasses work in general.
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The reason why a compass points north is really cool.
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It's because the pointy part inside is a magnet,
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and magnets have two ends called poles.
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One end of the magnet is called the North Pole,
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and the other is called the South Pole,
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no matter which direction they're facing.
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And opposite poles of two different magnets attract.
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That means they pull on each other.
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Meanwhile, similar poles repel each other.
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Repel means push away.
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Now here's the really awesome part.
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Our planet Earth is basically one huge magnet.
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So it also has magnetic poles.
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That means the Earth's poles act the same way that a magnet's poles do.
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They attract and repel the poles of other magnets.
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And they just
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so happen to line up pretty well with the parts of the planet we call the North and South Pole.
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You've got it!
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The Earth's magnetic poles pull and push a compass needle's magnetic poles,
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and that's what causes the compass to point north.
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So why do you think our sewing needle pointed north?
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That's right!
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I said the needle of a compass is a magnet,
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so… Yeah, that's it!
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Our sewing needle became a magnet!
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That first step we did,
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where we rubbed the needle with your magnet,
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actually magnetized the sewing needle.
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In other words, it turned it into a magnet.
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The pointy end became the north pole of a magnet,
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and the other end became the south pole.
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You know, Squeaks, you're absolutely right.
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It seems like the north pole of the Earth should repel the north pole of our compass needle.
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Here's the weird thing.
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The Earth's North magnetic pole is actually in the South,
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and its South magnetic pole is in the North.
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So the Earth's South magnetic pole is pulling the North pole of our needle to the North,
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and the Earth's North magnetic pole is pulling the South pole of our needle to the South.
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Which is weird and confusing, I know!
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But hey, I didn't name these things.
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Exactly, Squeaks!
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Since the Earth's magnetic poles are always pulling on the poles of other magnets,
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all we had to do to get our magnetized needle to
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point north was let it freely spin about in response to those forces.
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Which is what the foil and water were for.
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Cool, huh?
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Oh, whoa!
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Look at the time!
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We told Jessie we'd meet her in the garden to help pull weeds,
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so we better get going.
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And we'll look into getting you a compass that's a bit easier to carry around than this bowl.
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That way, you can make your way to and from the river a little quicker next time.
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I know one more trick we can do with magnets!
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Can you think of anything else that you can do with magnets?
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How many things can you find that they stick to?
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Thanks for joining us!
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If you want to have fun with me,
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Squeaks, and all of our friends,
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you can subscribe to SciShow Kids!
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I'll see you next time, here at the Fort!
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you
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В этом видео, Скуикс и ведущий играют с магнитами и исследуют их удивительные свойства. Вопросы, которые задает Скуикс, помогают зрителям глубже понять, что такое магниты, как они работают и какие физические принципы лежат в их основе. Эта тема вдохновляет детей на исследовательский дух, а простые объяснения делают ее доступной, что прекрасно подходит для изучения английского языка через увлекательное содержание.
Топ-5 фраз для повседневного общения
- Что такое магниты?
- Как они работают?
- Почему они не падают на землю?
- Как магнит может притягивать предметы?
- Что такое магнитное поле?
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