Практика Shadowing: The Point 2: Securing sustainable trade: Beyond the deficit | Vietnam Today - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

Создание урока...
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Now let's turn to our main story.
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Vietnam's total trade approached $660 billion in the first seven months of 2026, up 28% year-on-year.
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However, its trade balance has swung sharply into a deficit of over $20 billion,
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reversing a $10.3 billion surplus recorded in the same period last year.
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According to Vietnam Customs data, the vast majority of the nearly US$88 billion increase in imports was spent on manufacturing inputs.
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Together, electronics and machinery accounted for over 70 percent, the total increase.
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Trade data showed that the current deficit is driven primarily by production inputs.
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While the foreign invested sector maintained a surplus of nearly US$8 billion,
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domestic enterprises posted a deficit of US$28.5 billion, exceeding the country's over a trade shortfall.
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With every additional billion U.S dollars in imports estimated to knock 0.17 percentage points of GDP growth,
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standing Deputy Prime Minister Phạm Sà Túc has ordered an urgent review of key sectors to safeguard Vietnam's double-digit economic growth target.
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To help us better understand the dynamics behind Vietnam's trade deficit
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and explore ways to restore the trade balance and expand export markets, Our reporter Ngoc Trâm spoke with Mr Nguyễn Hải Minh,
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Vice Chairman of the European Chamber of Commerce in Vietnam.
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Thank you so much for joining Vietnam today on this segment.
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First of all, in the first seven months of 2026, Vietnam recorded a trade deficit of more than 20 billion US dollars, marking a sharp reversal from last year's surplus.
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So what are the key drivers behind this shift and how do you assess its broader impact on the economy?
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I think the number itself is not yet a problem.
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We have trade deficit, but we need to see where the import is coming from and what is it used for.
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As I understand, the import is mostly for equipment and for materials, right?
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So it's making up 94% of the imports and only 6%,
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very tiny part is for consumption.
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So this is positive.
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If the whole machinery equipment or material is later on used for production and even for exports.
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And if you look at the last year investment registration, Vietnam got a record high year, right?
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So now it's the time for disbursement.
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And for disbursement, companies need to invest, they need to import, they need to build up factories.
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So we need to monitor maybe in the next few months
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and see if all this import is utilized in the next production cycle.
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And it will reflect in the export of Vietnam or not.
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To control the deficit sustainably, Vietnam is focusing on developing domestic supporting industries and easing compliance burdens.
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What can Vietnam do to help local suppliers manufacture more components domestically and rely less on imports?
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I think the matter here is not about controlling imports, right?
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Import is not bad.
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For export or for doing business, you need something that you cannot make within the country, right?
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So import is good.
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But no matter how much you are importing into the country, you always have to strengthen the localization.
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In the past, Vietnam has done a lot to attract FDI.
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But now is the time for FDI to work together with Vietnamese companies
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and also to help enhance the capabilities of Vietnamese companies.
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The first thing to do is to lift up the capabilities and the R&D capabilities of local companies themselves.
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And the second thing is for FDI companies to support local companies,
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helping them in R&D, and that's something that the Vietnamese government is doing already.
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For Vietnamese people who have worked in big companies, for example like Samsung, when they get out,
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they have knowledge, they have experience and they will be much helpful in other companies
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or even their own companies to be suppliers of big foreign companies in the future.
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Beyond controlling imports, accelerating high-tech exports remains the long-term solution.
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Let's explore how homegrown innovators are breaking into global supply chains and what economists say is needed to sustain that progress.
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For this manufacturer, the breakthrough lies in designing and manufacturing complete rapid freezing systems from the ground up,
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capable of lowering the temperatures of fresh seafood and agricultural produce to minus 40 degrees Celsius in around one hour.
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The system helps preserve their natural freshness and nutritional value.
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After initial shipments to Laos and the Dominican Republic, the enterprise is now upgrading its standards and to more demanding markets,
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particularly Japan, to help local firms expand their global reach.
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Targeted government support is essential.
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like to help the company and to connect the companies in Japan
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and to organize the companies to connect and sell the products." According to Vietnam Customs data,
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foreign-invested enterprises account for roughly 80% of Vietnam's total exports, leaving domestic firms with just 20%.
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While FDI continues to drive headline numbers, experts say the domestic sector has significant untapped potential.
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to increase the demand for the export of the foreign industry.
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This is a plan that we have to develop the products
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that we have made from Vietnam and use the knowledge and the materials of Vietnam.
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I think the key is for Vietnam to continue to focus on what it does well
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and continue to focus on maintaining an open, predictable market environment here, a regulatory environment that is attractive for foreign investors.
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According to the WTO, Vietnam ranked 18th among the world's top 30 exporters in 2025, with exports exceeding $470 billion.
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However, sustaining this momentum requires domestic enterprises to accelerate its growth and increase their share of the country's exports.
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to ensure that the export is strong and stable.
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To realize this vision, the government is intensifying targeted support,
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providing dedicated export credit, strengthening trade promotion, and accelerating institutional reforms.
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Under a directive issued on August 20, standing deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia Tuk instructed ministries to fast-track FTA negotiations,
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starting with Mercosur, while stepping up efforts to expand into halal, Latin American, and African markets.
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With decisive policy measures to cut red tape, manage trade balance, and support the development of homegrown technologies,
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Vietnamese enterprises are making strides to increase their export share, supporting the nation's tribe for the double-digit growth in 2026.
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As Vietnam aims to rank among the top 30 exporting nations by 2030,
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what key actions are required to drive sustainable export growth and maintain a stable trade balance?
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If you talk about sustainability, you need a sustainable ecosystem, right?
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So to export, you need good products, but good products, no need to be cheap products.
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It cannot be cheap products.
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Pricing is one thing, but the other criteria is whether you meet the requirements of the importing countries.
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And now we are talking about sustainable development criteria, right?
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Whether it's green enough, where's the material coming from, right?
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Or the energy you use to make the goods.
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So all these things Vietnamese companies have to meet in order to export and in order to meet the standards.
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What essential steps should Vietnamese enterprises take today to bring their products directly into global retail chains to meet evolving green standards?
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You know, in practice, we got a lot of companies
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because they are exporting to the EU and they are subsidiary of the European groups.
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They have to use renewable energy.
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And they know even if renewable energy is more expensive than normal energy in Vietnam, they are willing to buy.
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So they are willing to accept the fact that their finished goods may be a little bit more expensive. But that's okay.
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So that's a new game that Vietnamese companies also have to learn and to start preparing for the near future.
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Thank you so much for your insight.

Что вы узнаете

Из этого видео вы научитесь разговаривать на английском о экономических темах, например, о торговом балансе и импортно-экспортных операциях. Вы также улучшите навык понимания профессиональной лексики (например, "trade deficit", "surplus", "FDI") и сможете структурировать свои мысли при обсуждении сложных экономических процессов. Это отличная практика для тех, кто хочет учить английский по видео и готовить речевые ответы на актуальные вопросы.

Слушайте за этими звуками

В диалоге часто встречается связная речь: например, "what is it used for" превращается в [wɒt ɪz ɪt juːzd fɔːr] с плавным переходом между словами. Обратите внимание на редукции, как "it's" ([ɪts]) вместо "it is" или "they're" ([ðeə]) вместо "they are". Также заметьте, как глаголы в прошедшем времени, например, "recorded" ([rɪˈkɔːdɪd]), произносятся с мягким "d" в конце. Эти нюансы помогут вам улучшить произношение английского и звучать более естественно.

Говорите, как носитель

Чтобы подражать ритму и ударениям спикеров, обратите внимание на то, как они подчеркивают ключевые слова: "the number itself is NOT YET a problem" или "import is NOT BAD". Ударение падает на значимые термины, что помогает передать смысл. Также попробуйте повторять фразы в темпе диалога — не спешите, но и не медлите. Это отличная тренировка для тех, кто практикует shadowspeak (или shadow speak), так как она помогает синхронизировать речь с носителем. Проведите несколько упражнений: сначала слушайте фразу, затем повторяйте ее сразу же, стараясь копировать интонацию и темп. Это поможет вам освоить естественную речь и улучшить свои навыки shadowspeaks.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.