Практика Shadowing: Water Shortage? This Cypriot grape is a game changer for Aussie winemakers | Landline - Изучайте разговорный английский с YouTube
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It may look like a vineyard straight out of the Mediterranean,
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It may look like a vineyard straight out of the Mediterranean,
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but this crop is in South Australia's Riverland and hasn't been watered for two months.
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I was stressed at the beginning,
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I thought, no, it's not going to work,
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but they've just taken off so well,
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they've grown amazingly and they just taste exactly what it tastes like in Cyprus.
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Yanni Katootsis and his family have been growing grapes for more than 50 years
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and is now one of two growers in Australia trialling the drought-tolerant white wine grape known as Zinisteri.
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It's reduced the consumption so much,
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looking at maybe 75% less water than,
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say, with Shirazes or the Chardonnays.
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So it's been a lot less water,
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and I was quite surprised about that.
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Like, the leaves are still quite green,
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and we're not watering as much as we usually do.
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You know, I have my family and my brother saying,
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you know, why aren't you watering your plants?
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And my mum going, why aren't you watering your vines?
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I'm like, we don't need to.
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And we're seeing that they actually don't need that much water,
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and this is what we want to see and this is exciting.
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Originating in Cyprus more than 5,000 years ago,
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Zinisteri is known for its thick skin and drought tolerance,
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making it resistant to heat waves, disease and low rainfall.
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For Yanni, who's experienced below average rainfall for three consecutive years,
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the variety has come at the perfect time.
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I can feel the energy between myself and Zinisteri.
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It's like, come on guys,
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you've got to be resistant and resilient to our heat, our climate here.
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And it's not only reducing his water bill,
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but reconnecting him to his Mediterranean roots.
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It's a connection to our history.
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It's a connection to the family.
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It's a connection to the variety that's been around for
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so many years and for me it's important to keep this Hellenic culture strong,
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not just in the Riverland but in Australia as a whole.
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They're just growing so quickly.
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The trunks are so thick.
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It's only three years, aren't they?
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Unbelievable.
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It could be five, six, seven years old.
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Zinisteri was introduced to Australia in 2018 by researcher Dr Alexander Copper,
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who has spent the last 16 years investigating Mediterranean wine grape varieties that could suit Australia's warming and changing climate.
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We were looking at what they call homoclimes,
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so trying to match the climates,
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and the one climate that matched pretty closely to Cyprus was Riverland,
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Renmark, and definitely when we first brought the varieties to Australia,
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tried to grow it in McLaren Vale down south,
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didn't like the cold weather,
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but when we put it here,
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the combination I think of the soil and the heat,
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it just grew like crazy.
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What struck you when comparing Cyprus to South Australia in terms of the climate and the similar landscapes that we see?
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Cyprus and most of the eastern Mediterranean is very limestone based soil,
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so ancient seabeds basically.
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And it looks very similar to around the river land when you're driving up,
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seeing all the stones in the fields,
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it reminds me of Cyprus.
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Most South Australian vineyards, the latitude is 35 degrees.
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And when we're looking in the Northern Hemisphere,
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35 degree latitude, you get Cyprus,
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Israel, Syria, Greece, Crete, Malta, Tunisia and Algeria.
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So they're the types of climates that we should be looking at and exploring for varieties to use in South Australia.
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It's a different picture from French varieties which are currently grown in Australian soil.
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Shiraz and Cabernet and Chardonnay and Savion Blanc and Pinot Gris is a big one now as well.
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And they're all French varieties so traditionally obviously France is a bit cooler,
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more rainfall, more winter rainfall and without changing climate those varieties can still perform in places like like Adelaide Hills,
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Victoria and Tasmania.
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But for South Australia, unless you've got good irrigation,
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we've got to start thinking of alternatives.
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I think long-term, those varieties are going to be a bit of a struggle.
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A struggle the Riverland knows all too well.
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Temporary water market prices have more than doubled in the Lower Murray-Darling Basin in the last 12 months,
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currently sitting around $400 a megalitre.
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And with some bulk wine producers receiving less than $100 a tonne for their fruit this season,
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and consumers drinking less wine,
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it's meant growers aren't harvesting their vines.
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It's very heartbreaking to see grapes drop to the ground,
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which we actually just did a couple of weeks ago,
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basically because there's no price for that variety.
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And to watch my mum cry and my parents cry, it's absolutely heartbreaking.
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And, and, and...
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Sorry.
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It's heartbreaking to see farmers struggling and...
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and suffering.
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It's an awful feeling.
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Ensuring growers stay on the land is front of mind for industry leaders.
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Dr Peter Heyman is the principal scientist in climate applications with the South Australian Research and Development Institute,
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and has spent decades analyzing changing adaptation pressures on primary industries.
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Irrigated fixed horticulture, perennial horticulture compared to annual horticulture,
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was seen as pretty drought proof.
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It had reliable water, it had a fixed allocation and it was a permanent planting.
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During the millennium drought we came to realise
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that nothing is more vulnerable to shortage of water than perennial horticulture because it needs it all the time,
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unlike annual horticulture where you can pull back and plant less area.
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Along with water constraints comes rising growing season temperatures which are predicted to increase by almost two degrees by 2070.
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And hotter temperatures brings an increased frequency of heatwave events,
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something Dr Hayman says is changing Australia's grape growing landscape.
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Dr Hayman, It's not like we can't grow grapes here anymore,
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it's just that there's a bit of a headwind of it being that little bit warmer,
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which means the grapes will grow a little bit quicker,
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but we'll also on a daily basis use a bit more water.
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But a worry is what that means for these heat waves.
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Let's test the sugar.
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With farmers diversifying to drought-tolerant crops like Zinisteri and the federal government committing more than $500 million to future drought fund initiatives,
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Dr Hayman believes there's still hope.
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Oh yeah, it's about nine or ten at the moment,
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so we're almost there.
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One of the aspects of adapting to change is that diversity is good.
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So it's great to have alternatives and diversity and looking at different varieties and so on.
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But it's also, people are sticking with traditional varieties and doing that in innovative ways and so on.
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So I think there's a whole many sources of adaptation.
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Zinisteri is showing great promise for growers in the Riverland who are desperate to find a way forward
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and a future for farming on their blocks.
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The variety has also been introduced to the premium wine region, the Barossa Valley.
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And Barossa producers are now bottling and selling the product for the first time in Australia.
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At a bottling facility in Yuriyutpa,
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around 500 bottles of Zinisteri are being packed for the first time.
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This is our 2025 vintage.
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We planted the grapes in October of 2021.
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With a bit of frost last year hitting us,
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we were only able to pick about 800 kilos.
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So this is the very first production of it that we put into a bottle.
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It's got a nice, beautiful colour,
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a nice, vibrant blue capsule.
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But, yeah, very small production,
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and we're super excited to be the first producers in Australia.
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It's amazing how these have tolerated the heat.
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Paul and Mara Georgiadis have been growing grapes in the Barossa Valley for almost 30 years,
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a region known for premium red wine production.
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But after being introduced to Zinisteri by Alex Copper,
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their 90-vine trial has now expanded to one acre and become a mainstay on their vineyard.
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People are drinking a lot more white wine,
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so we needed to introduce a white variety that actually suits the Barossa Valley.
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And that's where Sinisteri, I think,
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has become one of those winners for us.
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Because not only it's part of a drought-tolerant program,
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but it was something for us
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that we can actually have another story as people come in to taste their wines in our cellar door.
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So we have got white varieties.
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It's not just, it's a 45 degree day and you're only looking at reds.
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And since hitting cellar door shelves,
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it's flown out the door.
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Since we bottled late last year,
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we produced 80 dozen, and we've got about 20 dozen left,
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so we've been literally drip-feeding it into our market there.
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In terms of the wine itself,
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what could it be compared to for someone who isn't really across the Cypriot varieties
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that we know as in asteria is a variety we tend to hear very often,
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so what could it be compared to?
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I'd say personally there, it's probably more in that sort of Pinot Gris, Pinot Grigio style.
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Some of the tropical flavours on the nose,
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but then it's got some lovely sort of white peach and plum coming through the palate as well.
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Would you like to have a taste and try the wine?
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That would be great.
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Thank you.
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Cheers.
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Cheers.
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Enjoy.
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Thank you.
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It's really fruity, like that passion fruit,
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citrusy smell that you were talking about you can really feel those notes coming through.
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So Helios is the ancient Greek term for sun,
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and where this grape originates from in Cyprus there,
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there's a lot of sun there and where we're growing it in the process,
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so having that linked through.
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Zinisteri, the grape variety, could be a little challenging for the consumer as well.
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To be able to say Helios there makes it a bit easier there to recognise that.
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Come on in Azoli, let's go!
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A Cypriot variety connecting climate and culture across South Australia.
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To bring and grow something new and be some of the pioneers in those varieties,
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to have grass roots back in Greece,
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it's just something very special.
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I can see my dad who passed away in 2015 probably from above smiling,
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going, jeez I wish he did that when I was still here.
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It's given me some hope really,
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it's given me some hope that there is a light at the end of the tunnel and there is something,
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a hope out there for the wine industry and hope for our business as a family too.
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I'm sure and I can see it,
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I can see a lot of interest around it,
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that it will have a positive outcome.
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This is how we dance in our garden every day.
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Thank you.
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В этом уроке вы будете практиковать английский, обучаясь на основе транскрипта видеоролика о винограде Zinisteri, который устойчив к засухе и имеет многообещающие качества для австралийских виноделов. Вы сможете улучшить свое понимание языка, его произношение и разовьете навыки говорения через метод shadow speak. Уникальный акцент на toiliculture, истории, и устойчивом земледелии поможет вам не только выучить новые слова, но и погрузиться в предметную область.
Ключевая лексика и фразы
- долговременный - drought-tolerant
- сорт винограда - grape variety
- потребление воды - water consumption
- устойчивость - resilience
- средиземноморская культура - Mediterranean culture
- очень зеленые листья - quite green leaves
- климат - climate
- древесина ствола - trunk wood
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