ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Attachment theory is the science of love | Anne Power | TEDxWaldegrave Road
C1
Rebekah Srinivasan Reviewer
⏸ หยุดชั่วคราว
ความเร็ว:
ประโยคทั้งหมด170 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
1
Rebekah Srinivasan Reviewer
2
The story I'm bringing you today is about an idea.
3
It emerged in this city, London, 100 years ago.
4
It's been refined by thousands of research studies,
5
and today it's buzzing on social media platforms around the world.
6
What's this idea that goes on spreading?
7
It's about love.
8
You may say, there are no new ideas about love.
9
And I would say, this isn't romance, it's science.
10
Attachment theory sees love as part of our evolutionary design
11
And the term attachment describes a particular kind of close bond between two people,
12
the kind of connection that when they're together, they feel safe.
13
And when they're apart, they may feel lost.
14
I believe an understanding of attachment theory can make a profound difference to the way we love
15
and to the way we allow others to love us.
16
I hold this conviction from two sources,
17
25 years as a therapist,
18
helping people repair their early attachments,
19
and 65 years as an individual making sense of my own attachment story.
20
Today I would like to give you three takeaways about attachment,
21
but first let's begin that story into the origins of the theory.
22
Let me take you to the 1930s,
23
to North London, to an elite professional group, the Institute of Psychoanalysis.
24
There's a new member in the group,
25
John Bowlby, but he's not fitting in.
26
His mind is too scientific to win friends here,
27
yet within a few decades his ideas will be known and studied in universities around the world.
28
And in the 21st century,
29
they're popping up in our news feeds,
30
influencing how we raise our children and work on our relationships.
31
believed all behavior makes sense in context.
32
It's a belief that can inspire curiosity and respect for our own behavior
33
and for the behavior of those around us and it inspired Bowlby to make sense of the parent-child bond.
34
We're looking at an image from a 1930s experiment where a baby monkey has been taken from his real mother
35
and placed in a cage.
36
There are two options in the a wire mother who can provide milk,
37
and a cloth mother who has no milk,
38
but whose softness provides a crumb of comfort.
39
The experiment showed that the monkeys chose the cloth mother every time,
40
and they only reach for the wire mother when they really need to feed.
41
Bowlby studied these experiments, and he noticed that young creatures attach to their caregiver.
42
They attach to the one who provides safety and comfort.
43
And he stressed that this attachment to a supportive other is not just for babies.
44
We all need someone to whom we can turn,
45
whose presence soothes us when we're troubled.
46
Bowlby saw evolution at work.
47
This bonding behavior is so deeply embedded in us because it supports survival of the species.
48
His team noticed that human infants,
49
like the baby monkeys, adapt their behavior to get the best care in their given situation.
50
So let's imagine two different homes and see how the babies there are coping.
51
If my mum only rouses from her depression,
52
when I make her hue and cry,
53
then that's what I'll learn to do.
54
In the next door house,
55
the baby is an equally quick learner,
56
but his mum has a different character.
57
she's not comfortable with feelings,
58
so this little boy will adopt a different strategy.
59
To get the best care from his mom,
60
he'll learn to keep his feelings under wraps.
61
Attachment researchers would say that the first child who amplifies feelings is developing an anxious attachment strategy,
62
and the second child who minimizes is more avoidant.
63
Now, at this point, Those of you who are parents might be thinking,
64
what hope for us, we're doing our best.
65
And perhaps just as adults,
66
you might be thinking, what if our own parents had emotional struggles when we were young?
67
But I don't want to give you the feeling that these two children are going to have terrible lives.
68
They're not.
69
They're normal kids, and many of us are a bit like one of these.
70
But if they're going to have fulfilling relationships,
71
then they will need to unlearn some of that early training.
72
But now back to our story.
73
We've reached the 1950s, and attachment theory is coming into conflict with the establishment.
74
You may not know that hospitals did not always allow parents to stay alongside their children on the wards.
75
In the austere regime of 50s Britain,
76
Visiting was kept to one hour a week on a Sunday.
77
Staff were so convinced of the rightness of this,
78
they allowed one of Bulby's collaborators to film a two-year-old as she was admitted to hospital.
79
Picture her alone, with no parent by her side.
80
The subsequent black and white footage was so poignant,
81
it allowed campaigners to achieve a complete change in the rules.
82
But the campaign was still a struggle because we find change difficult and we find it hardest when we feel insecure.
83
And that leads to the next slide.
84
Safety enables learning.
85
When we feel secure and confident,
86
we're free to learn and explore.
87
When we feel threatened, learning goes out the window.
88
Let's imagine a young girl in the park playing and exploring like the two boys.
89
A huge dog comes along and scares her.
90
What happens next?
91
She runs for her parents.
92
Fear has switched on her primitive brain.
93
And in attachment terms, this secure child is seeking her parents
94
because the closeness with her parents will literally change her body chemistry.
95
And then she can return to her games.
96
And these pathways between anxiety and reassurance exist in us as adults too.
97
If we trust our attachment person,
98
the soothing can be quite easy,
99
a touch, a text, a look.
100
And when we feel safe again,
101
our brains can return to full functioning.
102
Now we've come to the current chapter in our story.
103
And this chapter, I think if it was in a textbook,
104
it might be entitled
105
the application of attachment theory to the adult couple bond
106
so I don't know if there's any couples here whether
107
that you identify with that title
108
but let's let's see what what what's happening now in the world of attachment John Bowlby always stressed
109
that attachment was a need from cradle to grave but his own focus was more on that parent-infant bond.
110
Researchers who came after him studied the adult-adult bond and they found the same key markers of attachment,
111
which means that two people seek closeness when they need protection and they protest when they're separated,
112
whether that's the small separation that might happen in a disagreement or the ultimate separation of death.
113
And just as with children,
114
if the bond is secure,
115
a secure bond in adults provides two key functions,
116
a place of safety and a platform for growth, because safety enables learning.
117
You remember the two groups who struggled to manage their feelings.
118
The avoidant group who need to keep things under wraps,
119
and the anxious group who wanted out on the table.
120
What happens if you put those two into a couple together?
121
Some of you might know the answer to that.
122
But another psychologist, Susan Johnson,
123
has studied this in detail.
124
And she's noticed how these two characters trigger each other.
125
And in fact, they get into a very unhappy dance,
126
a kind of loop where they're stuck.
127
By describing the more anxious partner as a pursuer,
128
and the more avoidant as a withdrawer,
129
she has created a new map.
130
And the map shows us what's been hidden.
131
And the thing that's been hidden behind the embittered exchanges are the precious,
132
vulnerable feelings that connect to people.
133
Once couples can read their own map,
134
they can see that their partner's behavior makes sense in context.
135
And when the blaming stops,
136
learning can begin because safety enables learning.
137
And by the way, this is equally good news for single people
138
because coming to terms with our attachment patterns is a great preparation for all close relationships.
139
And for those of us who are parents,
140
Whether our children are still young or fully grown,
141
this understanding can deepen connection,
142
and if repair is needed,
143
it can help with that too.
144
But most of us know that it's one thing to understand a pattern and another thing to shift it,
145
and that takes us to our final takeaway.
146
Slow down for the bump,
147
slow down for safety and learning.
148
Some of the biggest bumps and triggers we meet in our lives come from our own attachment losses and longings.
149
It could be bereavement, betrayal, rejection.
150
Some of the most common triggers come from within us.
151
It could be a mean,
152
self-critical voice that puts us down.
153
How can we help ourselves weather these bumps when our attachment person is not available?
154
Learning to pay mindful attention to the self is a great help with difficult feelings.
155
When we're triggered, our breathing and heart rate speed up, that's the adrenaline.
156
If we can learn to slow those down,
157
we create a window where we can look with curiosity and respect on our troubled feelings.
158
And that will give us a chance to interrupt the fight-flight mechanism before it sends us into attack or retreat.
159
So that's our final takeaway.
160
But let's recap on the three with the last slide.
161
All behavior makes sense in context.
162
Safety enables learning.
163
And slowing down can create that safety.
164
So let's learn to use a slow out breath to soothe our heart rate.
165
As our reactions soften, our curiosity can grow.
166
Curiosity brings openness to the other.
167
Openness brings vulnerability.
168
And vulnerability is the heartbeat of all intimate relationships.
169
And this is why attachment theory is the science of love.
170
Thank you.
ดาวน์โหลดแอป
AI ให้คะแนนทุกประโยคที่คุณพูด
TRENDING
ยอดนิยม
4.9/5 บน App Store และ Google Play
Shadowing English
บนมือถือ
เรียนภาษาอังกฤษได้ทุกที่ทุกเวลาด้วยแอป Shadowing English พัฒนาทักษะการสื่อสารของคุณวันนี้!
ติดตามความคืบหน้าในการเรียนรู้ของคุณ
การให้คะแนน AI และการแก้ไขข้อผิดพลาด
คลังวิดีโอที่หลากหลาย
ทำไมถึงควรฝึกพูดกับวิดีโอนี้?
การฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยวิดีโอเกี่ยวกับทฤษฎีการยึดติดนั้นไม่เพียงแต่ให้ความรู้เชิงวิทยาศาสตร์เกี่ยวกับความรักและความสัมพันธ์ แต่ยังช่วยพัฒนาทักษะการพูดของคุณในสถานการณ์ที่มีความหมาย วิดีโอนี้นำเสนอเนื้อหาที่ลึกซึ้งเกี่ยวกับความเชื่อมโยงระหว่างมนุษย์ ซึ่งกระตุ้นให้ผู้เรียนมีความสนใจในการพูดและเข้าใจอารมณ์ในบทสนทนา การใช้เทคนิค shadowspeak จะช่วยให้คุณพูดตามและฝึกการใช้เสียงและจังหวะที่ถูกต้อง ส่งผลดีต่อความมั่นใจในการสนทนาภาษาอังกฤษ
ไวยากรณ์และสำนวนในบริบท
- Attachment theory sees love as part of our evolutionary design: ประโยคนี้ให้เข้าใจถึงแนวคิดและแนวทางของการยึดติดที่ไม่ใช่แค่ความรัก แต่รวมไปถึงวิวัฒนาการของมนุษย์
- When they’re together, they feel safe: การใช้คำว่า "feel safe" สื่อถึงความรู้สึกปลอดภัยที่สำคัญ ซึ่งจะช่วยให้มีการพูดที่มีอารมณ์
- The experiment showed that the monkeys chose the cloth mother: การใช้รูปประโยคที่เรียบง่ายนี้ทำให้ผู้ฟังสามารถเข้าใจการทดลองได้อย่างชัดเจน
- Everyone needs someone to whom we can turn: การใช้ "someone to whom we can turn" แสดงถึงความสำคัญของการมีคนที่ไว้ใจได้
ข้อผิดพลาดในการออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ในวิดีโอนี้มีคำหลายคำที่อาจทำให้คุณติดขัดในการออกเสียง เช่น "attachment," "comfort," และ "evolution." คำเหล่านี้มีเสียงที่ไม่เป็นไปตามกฎทั่วไปดังนั้นการฝึก shadow speech จะช่วยแก้ไขข้อผิดพลาดเหล่านี้ได้ การฟังและฝึกพูดตามจะช่วยให้คุณสามารถเอาชนะอุปสรรคด้านการออกเสียงและยกระดับโทนเสียงของคุณให้มีความเป็นธรรมชาติมากขึ้น
การใช้ shadowspeaks เป็นวิธีที่ดีในการเข้าใจโครงสร้างประโยคและอารมณ์ของบทสนทนาที่เกิดขึ้นในวิดีโอ โดยการฝึกควรทำเป็นประจำเพื่อให้ทักษะการพูดของคุณพัฒนาอย่างต่อเนื่อง
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ
☕ เลี้ยงกาแฟเราสักแก้ว
ShadowingEnglish ยังคงเปิดให้ใช้งาน ฟรี 100% ได้ด้วยการสนับสนุนจากคุณ ค่าใช้จ่ายสำหรับเซิร์ฟเวอร์และ AI นั้นสูงมาก — กาแฟของคุณช่วยให้เราเดินหน้าต่อไปได้! 🙏