ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Cambridge IELTS 21 Listening Test 1 | Full Practice Test with Answers | ILR

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275 ประโยค
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1
Part 1.
2
You will hear a man phoning a sailing club to ask about learning to sail.
3
First, you have some time to look at questions 1 to 6.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.
5
Hello, Oyster Bay Sailing Club.
6
How can I help you?
7
Oh, hi.
8
I'd like to find out about sailing courses for beginners.
9
No problem.
10
Is it for yourself?
11
Yes.
12
I had a look online, but I'm not sure which course would be best.
13
OK.
14
Well, you might be interested in our taster days.
15
Possibly.
16
So, these are for people who've never sailed before.
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It's basically an introduction to sailing to find out whether you enjoy it and want to carry on with it.
18
And how much is that?
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It's £120 for the day, but it's reduced to £110 each if there are two of you.
20
No, it would just be me.
21
Oh, that's fine.
22
You'd be in a small group, usually about eight people, but no more than ten.
23
And everyone's always very friendly.
24
Uh-huh.
25
And are there any other suitable courses?
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The other option is the Level 1 course.
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These are two-day weekend courses and we run those all year round.
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OK.
29
And what do you learn on that course?
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This is a mix of theory and practical skills.
31
So you learn about things like the weather, which is obviously really important,
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and also the tides, as well as learning basic sailing skills.
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You go out into the harbour in special training dinghies for beginners.
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Two people in each dinghy and an instructor.
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He or she will make sure you understand everything you need to know about safety.
36
It sounds like hard work.
37
Yes, but you'll have a lot of fun too.
38
And the cost of that one is?
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£200.
40
But it's a bit cheaper if you decide to join the club.
41
There's a discount for members.
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Well, I'm not sure about that yet.
43
You've got plenty of time to decide.
44
And does the cost include everything?
45
Yes, everything's included.
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And you also get a really good dictionary explaining all the sailing terminology.
47
A lot of people struggle with this at first.
48
It's got lots of pictures, so I'm sure you'd find it really helpful.
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and on completion of the course, you get a certificate.
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Then you're ready to move on to the Level 2 course.
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Sounds good.
52
Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 7 to 10.
53
Now listen and answer questions 7 to 10.
54
I think that's all the info you need for now.
55
Just a couple of general things.
56
For example, it's really important that you know how to swim.
57
Yes, I'm pretty confident in the water.
58
Great.
59
The other thing I should tell you is that we provide wetsuits and life jackets, but you need to bring swimming trunks and some old trainers.
60
And a towel?
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Yes, definitely.
62
And you might want to bring your own toiletries, things like shampoo.
63
OK.
64
What about food and drink?
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Do I need to bring that, or is there a cafe at the club?
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Yes, you can get sandwiches, cakes and snacks there.
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The food's pretty reasonable.
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OK, good.
69
Well, I think I'm interested in the Level 1 course, but I know absolutely nothing about sailing,
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so is there anything I can do to prepare myself a bit?
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I recommend you watch some videos we use for training.
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They're available online.
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I can send you the link.
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They'll give you an idea of what to expect.
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Perfect.
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Thanks.
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That would be very helpful.
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Oh, and just one other thing.
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I'll be cycling to the club and we'll need somewhere to put valuables.
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I'm just wondering if there are lockers for people to use?
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Yes, there are plenty in the changing rooms.
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Great.
83
OK.
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Well, could you book me on to the...
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That is the end of part one.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part one.
87
Thank you.
88
Part 2 You will hear a woman giving advice on a
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podcast about how to become a make-up artist in the film industry.
90
First you have some time to look at questions 11 to 16.
91
Thank you.
92
Now listen carefully and answer questions eleven to sixteen.
93
Hello and welcome to the Filmmaking Podcast.
94
In this week's episode, Claire Lamar talks to us about how to become a makeup artist.
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Claire has been working as a makeup artist in the film industry for over 20 years
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and has lots of useful advice about how to get started.
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Thanks, Ian.
98
Well, before you can become a makeup artist on films, you have to spend about two years working as a makeup trainee.
99
A good place to get your first job would be on a low-budget short film.
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Of course this means that you'll be working for free, but it's often worth it for the experience.
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Make sure your transport costs are covered, and remember, there's very unlikely to be any catering provided, so bring plenty of food.
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If you're lucky, you might start out on a big-budget film where you'll get the most useful experience.
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On productions like this, makeup and hairstyling are separate departments, so you won't need to bring your curling tongs.
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But you're likely to get the opportunity to work with a range of age groups as well as different ethnicities.
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Doing makeup for special effects is highly specialized, so don't expect to be offered any practical experience in that.
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One problem with working in the makeup department is that it's a high pressure environment.
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There are very few times when you'll be bored or have nothing to do.
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It can be stressful but you'll see
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that the top makeup artists are very professional even
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when they're having to work with directors who are impatient or unhappy with the makeup artists work.
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Follow your supervisor's lead and try to remain calm at all times.
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I've worked with many very famous actors over the years.
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At first, I found it overwhelming and could hardly speak.
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I was so in awe.
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That's preferable, by the way, to becoming too excited and asking for selfies.
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Now, meeting the talent is just a normal part of the job, and to be honest, most actors don't look that special without all the makeup.
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Every makeup trainee will need a makeup kit, which they'll be expected to have with them at all times.
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Just the essentials will do for the kinds of tasks you'll be given.
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It won't be anything complicated.
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It's worth looking at what the other makeup artists have in their kits.
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But whatever you do, don't borrow anything without asking first.
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It's very important to build your portfolio.
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You should take photos of all the work you do, and ideally show the different stages of makeup application if you can.
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But remember you'll need to get approval from the makeup designer in charge of the department.
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As you'll be sending your portfolio digitally, you won't need to get photos printed.
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Before you hear the rest of the podcast, you have some time to look at questions 17 to 20.
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Now listen and answer questions 17 to 20.
128
So what does a makeup trainee actually do?
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You need to think about whether you're the right kind of person to do the job and whether you'd enjoy it.
130
So to give you some idea, here are some of the things you might be required to do.
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You may be asked to help prep an actor ready for makeup.
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Some actors will arrive having already cleansed and moisturized their skin.
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But sometimes you'll need to step in and get this done without wasting any time.
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otherwise the makeup artist will get behind schedule.
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Trainees play a useful role in continuity.
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It will be your responsibility to take photos, log them digitally, and print out a hard copy to put in each actor's file.
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This information needs to be kept in good order as a reshoot can mean replicating makeup months later.
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General duties mean doing anything from getting the teas and coffees to putting on a wash.
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Having a positive attitude and being willing to do whatever is asked of you will help you get your next film job.
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You won't be asked to apply makeup to any of the principal cast, only the extras.
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If there are dozens of extras involved, you'll need to keep up a swift pace and not spend too long on each person.
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It takes quite a lot of confidence to be able to do this well.
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OK, now about terms and conditions.
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That is the end of part two.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two.
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Part 3 You will hear two marine biology students discussing a lecture on marine biodiversity and conservation from a visiting speaker.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24.
148
Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24.
149
That lecture from the visiting speaker yesterday was good, wasn't it?
150
Yeah, I learned a lot from her about ocean biodiversity.
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I've already done some reading on it and I did an assignment on some of the problems associated with it last year.
152
But I especially liked the way her lecture focused on more long-term issues.
153
Yes, things that aren't currently receiving widespread attention, but are likely to be important in the future.
154
That impressed me too.
155
It wasn't exactly a feel-good conclusion because it's hard to see any real solution for a lot of the problems.
156
No, though she did point to where policy changes could be made to protect our marine and coastal environments.
157
Hmm, but that's just at a national level.
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The examples she gave were at a more global level, and they really made it clear to me just how wide-ranging the threats to ocean biodiversity are.
159
Yes, me too.
160
The research project she described was impressive, wasn't it?
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I'd have thought it was quite unusual to have so many experts working together.
162
Yeah, and from such different backgrounds.
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Must have been a really exciting team to work with.
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I'd heard of a couple of them before.
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They were involved in research way back in 2009, warning about the dangers of ocean pollution.
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But now people are much more aware of that, aren't they?
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I suppose so.
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Another thing about the research is that the team members came from all around the world.
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though I suppose that's not unusual nowadays.
170
Now everyone can work remotely.
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Right.
172
I like the way she didn't bombard us with figures.
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I mean, they were available, but she focused more on the general points they indicated.
174
And the description of improvements in systems used for tracking marine animals and things like robots were really interesting.
175
Yes, and her description of how robotics can be used to investigate threats to biodiversity.
176
Absolutely.
177
Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 25 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.
179
While you're here, can we talk about the list of resources we have to evaluate for the seminar tomorrow?
180
I've had a look at them all, but it's been a bit of a rush.
181
Yeah.
182
What did you think of that article on invasive lionfish?
183
The one claiming they were expanding their habitat throughout the Mediterranean Sea?
184
Well, the writer went on about how dangerous they were in environmental terms,
185
which is Probably true, but he didn't really provide much information to explain why.
186
I know what you mean.
187
I watched the documentary on microplastics, at least I started to, but then I found it was made ten years ago, so I gave up.
188
I watched to the end, but you're right, it was showing its age.
189
People had hardly heard of microplastics then, whereas now everyone knows about them and how dangerous they are.
190
Yeah.
191
Did you listen to the podcast on ocean pollution?
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I didn't get anything out of it, though.
193
Most of it was stating the obvious.
194
Yes.
195
It mentioned pesticides and plastic and things, and it clearly made the point that they were a bad thing.
196
But everybody knows that anyway.
197
Did you read that book on coastal ecosystems?
198
The one by John Harper?
199
Yes, I found it hard going at first.
200
It went into a lot of detail about things like the effects of offshore wind farms and fish farms,
201
but actually I ended up with a much better understanding of the issues.
202
Yes, I agree, and I thought it was a well-written summary of those.
203
And the diagrams helped a lot too.
204
The article on metal toxicity was way above my head.
205
I didn't know anything about how metals from industrial emissions react in the ocean, and I still don't understand it.
206
I gave up reading after the first chapter.
207
I just couldn't follow it.
208
That podcast on floating marine cities was interesting, though it presented a rather one-sided picture, I thought.
209
Yes, it focused on how this would benefit people and ignored the effects on the environment.
210
But anyway, shall we talk about...
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That is the end of part three.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part three.
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Part 4.
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You will hear part of a science lecture about different sources of rubber.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Much of the world now lives in an industrial civilisation,
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but this has only become possible because we have the necessary natural resources.
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There are three types of natural resource without which industry could not exist.
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One of these is metal, without that we'd have no machines and no transportation.
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Another is fossil fuels, which we need to power those machines.
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But there's a third resource that's essential to connect the different parts of a machine together with belts
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and pipes and shock absorbers, and that is rubber.
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It's now used in over 40,000 products, from waterproof footwear to surgical gloves.
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At present, we have two types of rubber in common use.
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One is natural rubber, which nearly all comes from the Pará rubber tree.
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This was originally native to Brazil, but is now cultivated on plantations in Southeast Asia.
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Recently, however, Concern's been growing that supplies may soon be insufficient for the world's needs.
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So what exactly is limiting the supply of natural rubber?
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Well, for one thing, rubber trees don't just spring up overnight.
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It can take 8 to 10 years for a tree to start producing rubber, so cultivating them's a slow process.
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And this leads to another problem.
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With most crops, farmers don't have to think very far ahead, so they can easily change what crop they produce
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or how much of a crop they produce if they find the demand for that crop is rising or falling.
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But if you have to plant eight or ten years ahead, that's much harder.
237
And also the rubber tree is very choosy about where it grows.
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It needs the right temperature, the right amount of rainfall and the right altitude, not too high and not too low.
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The result is that it can't be grown in the northern or southern parts of the globe, only around the equator.
240
Another problem is that the rubber is basically extracted in the same way as it's been done for hundreds of years,
241
and that's by hand, by making small cuts in the trunk of the tree
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and putting a little cup there to catch the latex, as the rubber is called.
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It's very labour intensive.
244
And it's not just the initial production that's limiting supplies.
245
With other resources, such as water and glass, when we've finished using them, we can recycle them.
246
But although this is also possible with rubber, it's very difficult, so that also reduces the amount we have available.
247
And in the last few years, there have been new threats to the supply of natural rubber.
248
One problem is linked to the fact
249
that nearly all the rubber trees in Southeast Asia are descended
250
from just a small number of seeds brought from Brazil in the 19th century.
251
This means that there's very little genetic diversity among the trees, which in turn makes them very vulnerable to disease.
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The most dangerous threat is a fungus, which destroyed large numbers of rubber trees in Brazil,
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and which could cause devastation to plantations worldwide.
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Another problem is that farmers in Southeast Asia are increasingly turning to the cultivation of palm oil,
255
which is easier and more profitable for them.
256
And finally, in recent years, Southeast Asia, like other parts of the world,
257
has been repeatedly hit by extreme types of weather, and this looks likely to continue in the future.
258
However, as well as using natural rubber, it's also possible to make rubber synthetically.
259
This works very well for some purposes, for example making engine parts or silicon pots and pans used for cooking.
260
But compared with natural rubber, it's not anything like as strong,
261
and this means it can't replace natural rubber in other products.
262
For example, while a mixture of natural rubber and synthetic rubber works well in car tyres,
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only natural rubber can stand up to the extreme speeds of aircraft tyres during take-off and landing.
264
So, for some time, scientists have been looking for alternative sources of natural rubber.
265
One that's been known about for some time seems initially to be a rather unlikely source.
266
It's a wild plant with yellow flowers that we normally regard as a weed when we see it in our gardens.
267
But when it's pulled up and its roots cut open, they're found to contain rubber.
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Now compared to the rubber tree, dandelions produce relatively small amounts of rubber,
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but unlike rubber trees, they're very adaptable.
270
They'll grow in all sorts of places and they don't need rich soil.
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So at present there are several projects underway investigating the possibility of using dandelions as a source of rubber.
272
Another possibility is a desert shrub grown in Mexico and Texas,
273
which is also… That is the end of part four.
274
You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
275
Thank you.

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บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Cambridge IELTS 21 Listening Test 1” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: rubber, makeup, questions วิดีโอนี้มี 274 ประโยค และ 3028 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 27:22 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 111 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม 85% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์คำอ่านความหมาย
sail คำนาม/seɪl/ใบเรือ, ใบ
podcast คำนาม/ˈpɑdˌkæst/พอดแคสต์, พอดคาสต์
biodiversity คำนาม/ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/ความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ
lecture คำนาม/ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/การบรรยาย, เล็กเชอร์
crop คำนาม/kɹɑp/พืชไร่
trainee คำนาม/tɹeɪˈni/ผู้ฝึกงาน
dandelion คำนาม/ˈdæn.dəˌlaɪ.ən/แดนดี้ไลออน
microplastic คำนามไมโครพลาสติก
tyre คำนาม/taɪə(ɹ)/ยางรถยนต์, ยางรถ
beginner คำนาม/bəˈɡɪnɚ/มือใหม่
plantation คำนาม/plænˈteɪʃən/ไร่
farmer คำนาม/ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/กสิกร, เกษตรกร
pollution คำนาม/pəˈluʃən/มลภาวะ, มลพิษ
cleanse คำกริยา/klɛnz/ชำระ, ล้าง
equator คำนาม/ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/เส้นศูนย์สูตร

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์ความหมาย
give up คำกริยายอมแพ้
take off คำกริยาถอด

ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ

ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:

  • How can I help you?
  • Yes, but you'll have a lot of fun too.
  • I'm just wondering if there are lockers for people to use?
  • Did you listen to the podcast on ocean pollution?
  • Did you read that book on coastal ecosystems?

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่has been working · Concern's been growing · have been looking
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันwho've never sailed · I've worked · I've already done
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำare covered · be offered · be expected

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 67 ครั้ง เช่น you'll, don't, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • เสียง “th”: ethnicity /ɛθˈnɪsɪti/, synthetic /sɪnˈθɛtɪk/
  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: plantation /plænˈteɪʃən/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, civilisation /ˌsɪv.ɪ.lɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, devastation /ˌdɛ.vəˈsteɪ.ʃən/, lionfish /ˈlaɪənˌfɪʃ/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, dandelion /ˈdæn.dəˌlaɪ.ən/, digitally /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtəli/, portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

  • เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: sail /seɪl/, coastal /ˈkoʊstəl/, adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/, cleanse /klɛnz/, lionfish /ˈlaɪənˌfɪʃ/
  • /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/, civilisation /ˌsɪv.ɪ.lɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, devastation /ˌdɛ.vəˈsteɪ.ʃən/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/
  • /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: choosy /ˈt͡ʃuːzi/, civilisation /ˌsɪv.ɪ.lɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, cleanse /klɛnz/, moisturize /ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃəɹaɪz/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง sail, podcast, biodiversity เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →