ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: History of Egypt for Kids: Vol. 1
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1
Imagine waking up in a small, mud -brick house as the sun rises over the Nile River.
2
The sky is turning orange and you hear birds chirping in the reeds.
3
It is hot in ancient Egypt, even early in the morning.
4
Your family is already awake.
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Your mother is grinding grain to make bread for breakfast.
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Your father is getting ready to work in the fields.
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You are a child, but you still have chores to do.
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You might help sweep the floor, fetch water from a nearby well, or feed the goats.
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You don't mind the work, it means you're helping your family.
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After chores, if there is time, you might play with your friends.
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You play games like tug -of -war, leapfrog, or try to toss pebbles into clay pots.
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You have a doll made of cloth, and your brother has carved animals out of wood.
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Sometimes older children make little boats from reeds and float them in the river.
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Most people in ancient Egypt were farmers.
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They lived near the Nile because the land there was rich and good for growing food.
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Each year, the river flooded.
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When the water went down, it left dark soil behind.
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That soil helped crops grow.
19
Farmers planted wheat, barley, onions, garlic, and flax.
20
They used simple tools like wooden plows and sickles.
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They worked very hard in the hot sun.
22
Men worked in the fields or helped build temples and tombs.
23
Women took care of the home.
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They made bread, spun thread, and cared for the children.
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Children helped their parents.
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Some took care of animals like goats or ducks.
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Others helped in the fields.
28
Children also played.
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They played games with sticks and balls.
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They had dolls made from clay or cloth.
31
Most people in ancient Egypt did not go to school.
32
Only the children of rich families went.
33
Boys from rich families learned to read and write.
34
They studied math, writing, and history.
35
They used a kind of writing called hieroglyphs.
36
These were picture symbols.
37
They wrote on a paper called papyrus, which was made from a plant that grew near the river.
38
Life was different for people who worked for the pharaoh.
39
The pharaoh was the king of Egypt.
40
He was the most powerful person in the land.
41
People believed he was chosen by the gods.
42
The pharaoh lived in a palace and wore fine clothes and gold jewelry.
43
He gave orders to his officials, who helped run the government.
44
Priests were also important.
45
They worked in temples and cared for the gods.
46
People believed in many gods.
47
There were gods for the sun, the sky, the river, and even cats.
48
Every town had its own special god.
49
Temples were quiet places where priests gave offerings, like bread or beer, to the gods.
50
People came to temples to pray or ask for help.
51
Egyptians believed in the afterlife.
52
They thought life after death was like life on earth, but better.
53
To prepare for the afterlife, they buried people with things they might need.
54
Rich people were buried with food, clothes, jewelry, and even games.
55
Some people were mummified.
56
This meant their bodies were carefully wrapped and dried out to stay preserved.
57
They believed the soul needed the body in the next life.
58
Most Egyptians wore simple clothes made of linen.
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Men wore short skirts called kilts.
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Women wore long dresses.
61
Both men and women wore jewelry.
62
Rich people wore gold and silver.
63
Poor people wore jewelry made from shells or beads.
64
Everyone tried to stay clean.
65
They washed often and used scented oils to smell nice.
66
Food was simple but tasty.
67
People ate bread, onions, beans, and fish.
68
They drank water, beer, and sometimes wine.
69
They cooked over small fires.
70
Most people ate with their fingers.
71
Meals were shared with family.
72
Daily life was not easy.
73
People worked hard and faced dangers like sickness, drought, or attacks.
74
But they also had music, games, and stories.
75
They painted on the walls of their tombs and carved statues.
76
They loved beauty and believed deeply in their gods.
77
This was life in ancient Egypt.
78
Hot days, hard work, strong families, and a deep respect for nature and the gods.
79
in a quiet cool room deep inside an ancient stone tomb there lies a long wooden box inside
80
that box is a mummy, a person who lived thousands of years ago.
81
Their face is wrapped in cloth.
82
Their hands are crossed.
83
Around them are treasures, food, and little statues.
84
This is not a scary mummy from a movie.
85
This is a real person from ancient Egypt.
86
Long ago, Egyptians believed that mummifying a body helped a person live forever.
87
A mummy is a body that has been preserved so it does not rot away.
88
In ancient Egypt, making a mummy was a very careful and special process.
89
The Egyptians believed in life after death.
90
They believed that when a person died, their soul would go on a journey.
91
If the soul found the body still safe and whole, it could return and live forever in the next world.
92
That is why the body had to be protected.
93
The process of making a mummy took about 70 days.
94
First, the embalmers washed the body.
95
Then they removed the organs, like the stomach, lungs, and liver.
96
These were cleaned and placed in jars, called canopic jars.
97
Each jar had a lid shaped like the head of a god.
98
The heart was sometimes kept in the body, because the Egyptians believed it was the center of thinking and feeling.
99
The brain, on the other hand, was usually thrown away.
100
The embalmers used a hook to pull it out through the nose.
101
Next, they dried the body using a special kind of salt called natron.
102
This salt soaked up all the moisture so the body would not decay.
103
After many days, the body was dried out and ready to be wrapped.
104
The embalmers rubbed oils and perfumes onto the skin.
105
Then they wrapped the body in long strips of linen cloth.
106
Sometimes they used hundreds of feet of cloth.
107
They placed amulets, small magical charms, between the layers.
108
These were meant to protect the person on their journey to the afterlife.
109
Finally, the wrapped mummy was placed in a coffin.
110
Rich people had fancy coffins with bright colors and pictures of gods and symbols.
111
Some coffins were shaped like the person's body and painted with their face.
112
The coffin was then placed inside a tomb.
113
A tomb was like a house for the dead.
114
Inside the tomb, people placed food, clothes, jewelry, and even furniture.
115
They believed the person would need these things in the next world.
116
Mummification was mostly done for kings, queens, and rich or important people.
117
Regular people were sometimes buried in simpler ways, but even they tried to preserve the body a little.
118
The most famous mummies are from Egypt, but mummies have been found in other parts of the world, too.
119
In places like Peru and China, people also found ways to preserve bodies using dry air, cold, or other methods.
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One of the most famous mummies is King Tutankhamun, often called King Tut.
121
He was a young pharaoh who ruled Egypt more than 3 ,000 years ago.
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His tomb was discovered in 1922 by an archaeologist named Howard Carter.
123
Inside they found amazing treasures, gold masks, chariots, jewelry, and statues.
124
King Tut's mummy was still inside his coffin.
125
His tomb helped the world learn more about ancient Egypt.
126
For many years, people were curious about mummies, but did not always treat them with respect.
127
In the 1800s, some people in Europe held mummy unwrapping parties where they opened real mummies in front of a crowd.
128
Today, scientists study mummies in careful and respectful ways.
129
They use tools like x -rays and CT scans to look inside without opening them.
130
This helps them learn about the person's age, health, and how they lived.
131
Mummies can tell us many things.
132
They show us what people looked like long ago.
133
They teach us about medicine, religion, and daily life in ancient Egypt.
134
Some mummies have even shown signs of diseases like arthritis or toothaches.
135
Scientists can also study the linen wrappings and learn how cloth was made.
136
Even the jars and tomb decorations give us clues about beliefs and traditions.
137
Today you can see real mummies in museums all over the world.
138
The Egyptian Museum in Cairo has many, including royal mummies.
139
The British Museum in London and the Louvre in Paris also have mummy displays.
140
When people look at a mummy, they are seeing a person from the distant past, a person who was loved, who lived a life, and who hoped to live forever.
141
The ancient Egyptians believed that as long as someone remembered your name, you would never truly die.
142
That is why they wrote names on tombs and coffins.
143
That is why they made sure the body stayed safe.
144
Mummies are not just old remains, they are reminders of a powerful hope, the hope that life can go on even after death.
145
Imagine standing by the Nile River in ancient Egypt.
146
The sun is hot, and tall green plants grow along the water's edge.
147
These plants are called papyrus.
148
They look like long stalks with flowers at the top, shaped like little umbrellas.
149
But these plants were more than just pretty.
150
They were used to make one of the most important inventions in history, papyrus paper.
151
Papyrus was the first kind of paper used by humans.
152
It helped people write down stories, laws, prayers, and letters.
153
It helped keep records and share ideas.
154
Without papyrus, we might not know as much about ancient Egypt today.
155
The papyrus plant grew only in Egypt and a few nearby places.
156
It needed warm weather and lots of water, so the Nile River was the perfect spot.
157
The Egyptians used the plant in many ways.
158
They used the roots for fuel, the stalks for making boats, mats, baskets, sandals, and ropes.
159
But the most famous use was for making paper.
160
To make papyrus paper, workers cut the tall stalks into thin strips.
161
They peeled off the green outside and kept the soft white inside.
162
Then they laid the strips side by side to form a row.
163
On top of that, they added a second row of strips going the other way, like a crosshatch.
164
After that, they pressed the layers together with a heavy stone or hammer and left them to dry.
165
The sap inside the plant helped glue the layers together.
166
Once the sheet was dry, they rubbed it smooth with a stone or shell.
167
One sheet of papyrus could be glued to another to make long scrolls.
168
Some scrolls were over 30 feet long.
169
These scrolls could be rolled up and stored easily.
170
Scribes, people trained to read and write, used brushes or reeds, dipped in ink to write on the papyrus.
171
They used black ink for writing and red ink for important words or headings.
172
Papyrus was used for many things.
173
It helped keep track of taxes, trade, and laws.
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It was used in schools, temples, and the royal court.
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Some papyrus scrolls had prayers or magic spells.
176
Others had stories or poems.
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One very famous set of scrolls was the Book of the Dead.
178
It was a guide to the afterlife filled with spells to help people travel safely after death.
179
Papyrus helped the Egyptian government run smoothly.
180
It helped doctors write about medicine.
181
It helped builders plan temples and tombs.
182
Even regular people used it to write letters to friends or keep records of what they owned.
183
Because papyrus was so useful, Egypt sold it to other lands like Greece and Rome.
184
For many years, Egypt was the only place where papyrus grew.
185
That made it very valuable.
186
People from faraway places wanted it to make their own books and records.
187
Over time, other kinds of writing material were invented.
188
People in Asia made paper from tree bark and cloth.
189
People in Europe wrote on animal skins called parchment.
190
These new materials lasted longer and could be made in more places.
191
Slowly, papyrus was used less and less.
192
Still, many old papyrus scrolls have been found in tombs and buried in the dry desert.
193
The hot, dry air helped keep them safe for thousands of years.
194
Today, you can see real papyrus in museums.
195
Scientists study them to learn more about ancient Egypt.
196
They can read about laws, stories, and even jokes written over 3 ,000 years ago.
197
Papyrus may look simple, but it helped build one of the world's greatest civilizations.
198
It gave people a way to share ideas, save knowledge, and stay connected.
199
It was the paper of the ancient world, and it all started with a plant by the river.
200
Imagine walking through an ancient Egyptian temple.
201
Incense fills the air and golden light shines through small windows.
202
On the stone walls you see carvings of powerful women with crowns, wings, or animal heads.
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These are the goddesses of ancient Egypt.
204
To the Egyptians, goddesses were just as important as gods.
205
They were protectors, healers, creators, and rulers of nature, love, magic, and even war.
206
People prayed to them for help with family, health, birth, and safety.
207
The Egyptians believed in many gods and goddesses.
208
This belief in many deities is called polytheism.
209
Each goddess had a special role and a special power.
210
Some were kind and loving, others were fierce and strong.
211
Many were shown as women with animal features to show their powers, like lion heads for strength or wings for protection.
212
Goddesses were deeply respected and often linked to both nature and family life.
213
One of the most important goddesses was Isis.
214
She was the goddess of magic, healing, motherhood, and protection.
215
Isis was loved by all Egyptians.
216
She was the wife of Osiris, the god of the afterlife, and the mother of Horus, the sky god.
217
After Osiris was killed by his brother Set, Isis used her magic to bring him back to life.
218
She was often shown with wings or with a throne symbol on her head.
219
People believed Isis protected children, helped the sick, and listened to prayers.
220
Her kindness and magic made her one of the most worshipped goddesses in all of Egypt.
221
Another powerful goddess was Hathor, the goddess of love, joy, music, and dance.
222
She was also the goddess of motherhood and helped welcome souls into the afterlife.
223
Hathor was often shown with cow horns and a sun disc on her head.
224
Sometimes she was shown as a cow or a woman with cow ears.
225
People prayed to her for happiness, safe births, and comfort after death.
226
Festivals in her honor were full of music and celebration.
227
Sekhmet was very different she was the goddess of war and destruction, but also of healing.
228
Sekhmet had the head of a lion and the body of a woman.
229
She was fierce and powerful, often called upon to protect the pharaoh in battle.
230
According to myth, when people stopped respecting the gods, Sekhmet went on a rampage.
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Only after drinking a special potion that looked like blood did she calm down.
232
Though feared she was also respected and believed to cure disease and keep away evil.
233
Bastet was another lioness goddess who became gentler over time.
234
She began as a fierce protector, but later was seen more as a kind guardian of homes and families.
235
Bastet had the head of a cat and was one of the most beloved goddesses.
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She watched over mothers and children and kept away bad spirits.
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People loved cats because they were sacred to Bastet.
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Families often kept cats in their homes and even made statues of them as offerings.
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Nut was the goddess of the sky.
240
She was often shown as a giant woman stretching over the earth, her body covered in stars.
241
Each night Nut swallowed the sun and each morning she gave birth to it again.
242
She was the mother of Osiris, Isis, Set, and Nephthys.
243
Nutt watched over the world and was believed to protect the dead as they traveled to the afterlife.
244
Nephthys, Nutt's daughter, was a goddess of the night, mourning, and protection.
245
She helped Isis in many stories and was part of the team that guarded the dead.
246
She is often shown with a special crown made of her name in hieroglyphs.
247
There were many more goddesses.
248
Maat was the goddess of truth, order, and justice.
249
She kept the universe balanced.
250
In the afterlife, people's hearts were weighed against her feather of truth.
251
If a heart was heavy with sin, it failed the test.
252
Mahat reminded people to live with honesty and fairness.
253
Temples were built to honor goddesses, and some towns were named after them.
254
People left offerings of bread, perfume, or jewelry at their statues.
255
Women especially prayed to goddesses for strength, safe childbirth, and love.
256
Even in daily life, goddesses were honored in stories, art, and prayers.
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The goddesses of ancient Egypt were not just symbols.
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They were seen as real forces who helped people in times of joy, danger, and sorrow.
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Whether fierce like Sekhmet, loving like Isis, or joyful like Hathor, they were a powerful part of Egyptian life.
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Imagine walking into a huge temple in ancient Egypt.
261
The walls are covered with colorful paintings.
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You see tall figures with animal heads, wearing crowns and holding special symbols.
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These are the gods of ancient Egypt.
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The Egyptians believed these powerful beings controlled everything, sunlight, floods, farming, sickness, even death.
265
The gods were part of their everyday life.
266
The ancient Egyptians believed in many gods.
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This is called polytheism.
268
Each god had a special job.
269
Some ruled over nature, like the sun or river.
270
Others protected people, judged the dead, or gave wisdom.
271
Some gods looked like humans, but many had the heads of animals.
272
This helped people tell them apart and remember what they were in charge of.
273
One of the most important gods was Ra, the sun god.
274
He was the king of the gods and brought light to the world.
275
Egyptians believed Ra sailed across the sky each day in a boat.
276
At night, he traveled through the underworld, where he had to fight off a giant snake called Apophis.
277
If Ra won, the sun rose again.
278
Ra had the head of a falcon and a glowing sun disk on top of his head.
279
Since the sun gave life to the land, Ra was deeply respected.
280
Another important god was Osiris.
281
He was the god of the afterlife and ruled the land of the dead.
282
Osiris was shown with green skin to represent new life, and he wore a white crown with feathers.
283
He was once a great king who was killed by his brother, Set.
284
After his death, he became the ruler of the underworld.
285
Egyptians believed Osiris welcomed good souls into the afterlife and judged them fairly.
286
Horus, the sky god, was Osiris' son.
287
He had the head of a falcon and sharp eyes.
288
Egyptians believed Horus watched over the land and protected the pharaoh, who was thought to be the living form of Horus on earth.
289
Horus is famous for fighting his uncle, Set, to avenge his father's death.
290
After many battles, Horus became the protector of Egypt.
291
Set, or Seth, was the god of chaos, storms, and violence.
292
He brought confusion and disorder.
293
Set was often shown with the head of a strange creature with a long snout and square ears.
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Even though he was feared, Set also had an important job.
295
He helped Ra fight off the great snake Apophis during the sun's night journey.
296
Anubis was the god of mummification and the guardian of tombs.
297
He had the head of a black jackal.
298
Since jackals were often seen around cemeteries, people believed Anubis protected the dead.
299
He helped prepare bodies for the afterlife and guided souls through the underworld.
300
Anubis also helped in the weighing of the heart, a test to see if a soul was pure enough to reach the afterlife.
301
Thoth was the god of writing, knowledge, and wisdom.
302
He had the head of an ibis bird.
303
Thoth Thoth kept records of all things and was believed to have invented writing.
304
In the afterlife, he wrote down the results of the heart -weighing test.
305
Scribes and scholars prayed to Thoth for help with reading and learning.
306
Hopi was the god of the Nile River and its yearly flood.
307
Every year the Nile flooded and left rich soil behind.
308
This helped crops grow and gave life to the land.
309
People gave thanks to Hopi for this great gift.
310
He was shown as a plump, happy figure with flowing water plants on his head.
311
Another important god was Khunum.
312
He was believed to have created humans on a potter's wheel from clay taken from the Nile.
313
Khunum was also a god of the river and helped control the flow of water.
314
He had the head of a ram and was worshipped in places where the Nile began to flood.
315
Temples were built across Egypt to honor the gods.
316
Inside, priests cared for statues of the gods, giving them offerings of food, drink, and incense.
317
Only priests could go inside the temple's inner rooms.
318
Ordinary people stayed outside, but still prayed, left gifts, and showed respect.
319
Some families had small shrines at home with statues of their favorite gods.
320
Each city in Egypt had its own special god.
321
In Thebes, people worshipped Amun.
322
In Memphis, they honored Ptah.
323
Even though people across Egypt believed in many of the same gods, each place had its own traditions.
324
The gods of ancient Egypt were not just stories.
325
They were part of daily life.
326
People prayed to them for health, safety, rain, or success in their work.
327
They believed the gods were always watching, always listening, and always helping.
328
That is why the gods were painted on tomb walls, carved into statues, and remembered for thousands of years.
329
Imagine walking through a busy village in ancient Egypt.
330
You see women baking bread, weaving cloth, and taking care of children.
331
But you also see women selling goods in the market, working as priestesses, and even owning land.
332
In ancient Egypt, women had many roles.
333
They were mothers, workers, and sometimes even rulers.
334
Egyptian women had more rights than many women in other ancient places.
335
Most women in ancient Egypt were part of farming families.
336
They worked hard every day.
337
They made food, cleaned the house, and raised children.
338
They also helped with farm work and took care of animals.
339
Women made clothes by spinning flax into thread and weaving it into linen.
340
They They made beer, which was a common drink.
341
They also made medicine using herbs.
342
Women in ancient Egypt could own land and houses.
343
They could buy and sell goods.
344
If a woman's husband died, she could inherit his property.
345
If a couple got divorced, a woman could keep her own belongings.
346
This was very different from other ancient cultures where women had very few rights.
347
In Egypt, women could go to court and even sue someone if needed.
348
Some women had special jobs.
349
Wealthy women could become priestesses and serve in temples.
350
These women helped with religious ceremonies and cared for statues of the gods.
351
Other women worked as musicians or dancers at festivals.
352
Some were midwives who helped deliver babies.
353
A few were doctors.
354
There is a record of a woman named Pesachet who was called Lady Overseer of Female Physicians.
355
She lived over 4 ,000 years ago.
356
Girls did not usually go to school unless they were from rich families.
357
Most learned from their mothers they learned how to cook, sew, and keep a home.
358
Boys were more likely to go to school and learn to read and write.
359
Still, some rich women could read and write, especially if they were from noble families.
360
Women wore simple dresses made of linen.
361
Rich women wore finer clothes and lots of jewelry.
362
They wore necklaces, bracelets, and rings made of gold, beads, or stones.
363
Both men Women and women wore makeup.
364
They used black paint around their eyes called coal.
365
It helped protect their eyes from the sun and sand.
366
They also wore perfume and scented oils to smell nice.
367
Some women in ancient Egypt became very powerful.
368
One of the most famous was Hatshepsut.
369
She was a woman who ruled as Pharaoh.
370
She wore men's clothing and even a false beard to show she had the same power as a male ruler.
371
She led Egypt during a time of peace and built many temples and statues.
372
Another powerful woman was Cleopatra.
373
She ruled much later and was the last pharaoh of Egypt.
374
She was smart, spoke many languages, and worked hard to protect her kingdom.
375
Cleopatra's alliances with Roman leaders like Julius Caesar and Mark Antony helped secure her power and influence.
376
She was known for her wit, charm, and political acumen, using her relationships with powerful men to maintain Egypt's independence and prosperity.
377
Despite the challenges of her reign, she fiercely fought to protect her kingdom from Roman annexation,
378
ultimately choosing to end her life rather than be paraded as a prisoner by Rome.
379
Another iconic figure in Egyptian history is Nefertiti, the wife of the pharaoh Akhenaten.
380
Together they revolutionized Egyptian religion by worshiping only one god, Aten, and abandoning the traditional polytheistic beliefs.
381
Nefertiti was a powerful queen, often depicted in art and even acting as co -regent with her husband.
382
Her beauty is legendary, symbolized by the famous bust of her, that remains one of the most recognized pieces of ancient art.
383
Nefertiti's influence extended beyond her husband's reign, and some historians believe she may have ruled Egypt as pharaoh after his death,
384
although much about her later life remains a mystery.
385
Nefertiti's role in both religion and politics underscores the significant power that some women in ancient Egypt held.
386
Even though most pharaohs were men, goddesses were very important in Egyptian religion.
387
Isis was one of the most loved goddesses.
388
She was known as a caring mother and a powerful protector.
389
Hathor was the goddess of love and joy.
390
Bastet, the cat goddess, protected homes and families.
391
These goddesses showed that women had an important place in both daily life and religion.
392
Women in ancient Egypt were not equal to men in every way, but they had more freedom and respect than in many other ancient places.
393
They worked, owned property, raised families, and sometimes ruled a kingdom.
394
Their stories are still told today, carved into stone walls and written on papyrus scrolls.
395
Imagine living in a land where one person is seen, not just as a ruler, but also as a god.
396
That was life in ancient Egypt.
397
That person was the pharaoh.
398
The pharaoh was the king of Egypt, but also much more.
399
He, or sometimes she, was the leader, the protector, the judge, and the religious head of the land.
400
People believed the pharaoh was chosen by the gods to rule on earth.
401
The word pharaoh means great house.
402
At first it was used to talk about the palace itself, but later it came to mean the ruler.
403
The first pharaohs ruled more than 5 ,000 years ago.
404
A man named Narmer, also called Menes, was one of the first.
405
He united upper and lower Egypt into one kingdom.
406
This was the beginning of Egypt's first dynasty.
407
A dynasty is a line of rulers from the same family.
408
The Pharaoh had many jobs.
409
He made laws and collected taxes.
410
He led the army and protected Egypt from enemies.
411
He also led religious ceremonies.
412
People believed the Pharaoh kept the gods happy.
413
If there was a good harvest, people thanked the Pharaoh.
414
If there was a flood or famine, they blamed the Pharaoh.
415
Pharaohs were often shown wearing special clothing.
416
They wore crowns with symbols of Egypt, like the cobra and vulture.
417
They carried a crook and a flail, symbols of leadership and power.
418
Statues and paintings showed them as strong and perfect, even if they were not that way in real life.
419
The pharaoh was not just in charge while alive.
420
Egyptians believed the pharaoh became a god after death.
421
That's why they built large tombs for their rulers.
422
These tombs were filled with treasures, food, and even servants for the afterlife.
423
The most famous tombs are the pyramids.
424
The biggest one is the Great Pyramid of Giza.
425
It was built for Pharaoh Khufu around 4 ,500 years ago.
426
Thousands of workers built it over many years using stone blocks.
427
Over time, pharaohs changed.
428
In the Old Kingdom, they were seen almost like gods.
429
In the Middle Kingdom, they were seen more like good rulers who helped their people.
430
In the New Kingdom, they were great warriors and builders.
431
Some led battles, others built temples and statues, some pharaohs became very famous.
432
Hatshepsut was one of the few women who ruled as a pharaoh.
433
She wore a false beard and dressed like a man to show her power.
434
She built great temples and led Egypt in a time of peace and trade.
435
Another famous pharaoh was Akhenaten.
436
He changed Egypt's religion.
437
He said people should worship only one god, the sun god Aten.
438
This was a big change.
439
After he died, most people went back to the old gods.
440
His son was Tutankhamun, or King Tut.
441
He became pharaoh when he was just a boy.
442
He is famous today because his tomb was found almost untouched in 1922.
443
It was full of gold, jewelry, and other treasures.
444
His tomb helped people learn a lot about life in ancient Egypt.
445
One of the most powerful pharaohs was Ramses II, also called Ramses the Great.
446
He ruled for more than 60 years.
447
He fought battles, signed peace treaties, and built huge statues and temples.
448
He had many wives and over 100 children.
449
He lived to be over 90 years old, which was very rare back then.
450
Even though the pharaoh was very powerful, he did not rule alone.
451
He had many helpers.
452
These included priests, scribes, generals, and governors.
453
These people helped run the country.
454
They made sure the farms worked, the taxes were paid, and the temples stayed beautiful.
455
The time of the pharaohs lasted for over 3 ,000 years.
456
But in the end, Egypt was taken over by other rulers like the Greeks and Romans.
457
Cleopatra was the last pharaoh.
458
She ruled over 2 ,000 years ago.
459
After her death, Egypt became part of the Roman Empire.
460
Today, the time of the pharaohs is long gone, but their temples, statues, and tombs still stand.
461
People from all over the world visit Egypt to see the pyramids, the sphinx, and the treasures of King Tut.
462
The pharaohs may be gone, but their stories and their power still amaze us.
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ทำไมต้องฝึกพูดกับวิดีโอนี้?
การฝึกพูดจากวิดีโอนี้จะช่วยให้คุณสัมผัสกับชีวิตในสมัยอียิปต์โบราณ ผ่านการเล่าเรื่องที่มีบรรยากาศจริงๆ จากการทำงานในไร่นา การเล่นของเด็ก และวิถีชีวิตของครอบครัวในช่วงเช้า การฝึกพูดจะช่วยพัฒนาทักษะการสื่อสารของคุณ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งการเลียนแบบน้ำเสียงและการใช้สำนวนที่เหมาะสมจากบทสนทนาในวิดีโอ คุณจะได้ฝึกฝนการออกเสียงและการใช้ภาษาในบริบทที่เป็นธรรมชาติ ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งสำคัญในการเรียนภาษาอังกฤษจากวิดีโอ
ไวยากรณ์และสำนวนในบริบท
ในวิดีโอนี้มีการใช้โครงสร้างไวยากรณ์ที่น่าสนใจหลายอย่าง เช่น:
- การใช้ "would" ในการบรรยายความคาดหวัง: เด็กๆ จะพูดถึงสิ่งที่พวกเขาจะทำในอนาคต เช่น "You might help sweep the floor."
- การใช้คำกริยาในรูปอดีต: การบรรยายถึงชีวิตประจำวัน เช่น "Your mother is grinding grain to make bread."
- การใช้สำนวนเปรียบเทียบ: "the river flooded" เพื่อให้เห็นภาพของเหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นในอดีต
การฝึกพูดตามแบบนี้จะช่วยให้คุณเข้าใจการใช้คำในบริบทและสามารถนำไปใช้ในชีวิตประจำวันได้ดียิ่งขึ้น
กับดักการออกเสียงที่พบบ่อย
การออกเสียงในวิดีโอนี้มีจุดที่อาจทำให้ผู้เรียนเกิดความสับสนได้ เช่น:
- คำว่า "pharaoh": ซึ่งมีเสียงที่แตกต่างจากการออกเสียงภาษาไทยทั่วไป
- คำว่า "hieroglyphs": คำนี้ต้องออกเสียงว่า "ไฮโรกลิฟส์" ซึ่งอาจจะยากสำหรับผู้ที่เพิ่งเริ่มเรียน
การฝึกพูดตามการออกเสียงในวิดีโอนี้จะช่วยให้คุณปรับปรุงการออกเสียงและสร้างความมั่นใจเมื่อใช้ภาษาอังกฤษในสถานการณ์จริง ลองนำ ชาโดว์อิ้งภาษาอังกฤษ หรือ shadow speech มาฝึกฝนเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะการพูดของคุณให้ดียิ่งขึ้น
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | was made · was chosen · were buried |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | papyrus, which was · people who worked · person who lived |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | has carved · has been preserved · have been found |
| ขั้นสุด the -est / the most … — มากที่สุดหรือน้อยที่สุดในกลุ่ม | the most powerful · The most famous · the most important |
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ