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Oxford Read and Discover Level 4 How to Stay Healthy by Julie Penn Read by Christopher Ragland
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Oxford Read and Discover Level 4 How to Stay Healthy by Julie Penn Read by Christopher Ragland
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Published and copyright Oxford University Press 2011 Introduction Do you know how to stay healthy?
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Think about the exercise that you do and the food that you eat.
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Exercise and the right food help you to live longer.
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Which of these types of exercise do you do?
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When do you do exercise?
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Which of this food do you eat?
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How much water do you drink every day?
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Discover!
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Now read and discover more about how to stay healthy.
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Chapter 1.
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A Healthy Life For a healthy life,
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you need to protect your body.
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Your body needs exercise and the right food.
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Most people can do some exercise.
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Some people have disabilities, but they can do exercise too.
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You don't need lots of time or equipment to do exercise.
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Things that you do every day can help you to stay healthy,
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like walking to the supermarket or to school.
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Some people need medicines every day to stay healthy.
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A long time ago, there were no medicines for sick people.
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Today, there are medicines, but there's a new problem.
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People are getting fatter.
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Many people eat too much.
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A lot of food today is unhealthy.
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For example, fast food.
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Many people don't do much exercise outdoors.
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They watch television, use the computer, and play computer games.
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They travel by car a lot, too.
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Discover!
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People around the world eat about 11 million metric tons of French fries every year.
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Chapter 2 Inside Your Body Inside your body,
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there are many different parts.
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They help you to stay healthy.
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Do you know what they do?
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Your brain makes the different parts of your body work well.
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Your lungs help you to breathe.
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Air goes in and out of your lungs when you breathe.
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This gives you the oxygen that you need.
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Your heart moves blood around your body.
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The blood takes oxygen and food to the different parts of your body.
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Your bones are very strong,
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and they support your body.
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They also protect important parts of your body.
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like the brain and heart.
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Your muscles help your body to move.
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Your skin protects your body.
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It also helps to keep your body at the right temperature.
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Your stomach and intestines break down the food that you eat so that your body can use the food.
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Your liver and kidneys take away the things that your body doesn't need.
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Discover!
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You use about 200 different muscles to walk.
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Chapter 3.
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The Right Food.
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You need to eat the right food.
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Carbohydrates give your body energy.
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Fiber helps to move food through your stomach and intestines.
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Brown bread and brown rice have lots of fiber.
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Fruit and vegetables also have fiber,
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and vitamins that help you to stay healthy.
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Proteins help your muscles to grow.
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Meat, fish, and eggs have proteins.
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Dairy food like milk, yogurt,
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and cheese have proteins, fat, and calcium.
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You need calcium for healthy bones.
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You need iron for healthy blood.
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Meat, eggs, and green vegetables have iron.
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This plate shows how much of each type of food you should eat.
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Eat lots of fruit and vegetables,
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and food with proteins and carbohydrates.
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Don't eat too much food with sugar, fat, and salt.
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You need a little fat to stay healthy,
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but too much fat can make you fat.
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Too much sugar and salt is unhealthy too.
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Sugar is also bad for your teeth.
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Discover!
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You should drink about eight glasses of water every day.
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Chapter 4.
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Food Around the World Around the world,
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people eat different food to stay healthy.
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What healthy food around the world do you know?
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In Japan, people eat lots of rice, vegetables, and fish.
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This food has lots of fiber and vitamins.
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It doesn't have much fat.
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Discover!
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Many people in Asia use chopsticks to cook and eat food.
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Chopsticks were invented in China about 5,000 years ago.
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In countries near the Mediterranean Sea,
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people eat lots of bread, salad, and fruit.
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They use olive oil and tomatoes for making salads and for cooking.
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Scientists think that olive oil and tomatoes help people to stay healthy.
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In Peru and Bolivia, people eat lots of fruit and vegetables.
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Some people eat rice or quinoa seeds with meat and potatoes.
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Quinoa has lots of proteins, fiber, and iron.
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Chapter 5 Why do you wash?
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Did you know that millions of microbes live on your hands?
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Microbes are very, very small living things.
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You can't see them.
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Some microbes aren't dangerous, but some can make you sick.
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Remember to wash your hands.
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It's important to wash away the microbes after you go to the toilet and after you touch dirty things.
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Wash your hands before you touch food, too.
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Discover Meat that's not cooked has dangerous microbes.
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Wash your hands after you touch meat that's not cooked,
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and cook meat well.
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It's important to brush your teeth every day.
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When you eat food with sugar,
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the microbes on your teeth also eat the sugar.
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This can damage your teeth and make your teeth unhealthy.
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To keep your teeth healthy,
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brush them with toothpaste to wash away the microbes.
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Go to the dentist every year and don't eat too much food with sugar.
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Chapter 6 Exercise for Everyone Why is exercise good?
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It helps to make your bones and muscles stronger.
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It also protects you from health problems.
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It makes you feel good,
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and it even helps you to work better at school.
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Everyone needs to do exercise to stay healthy.
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Exercise isn't only for young, healthy people.
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Older people and people with health problems or disabilities need exercise too.
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Everyone can find an exercise that they can do.
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What exercise do you do?
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It's good to do some exercise every day,
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but you don't need to go to the sports center all the time.
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You can play sports in the park and help with jobs at home.
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Swimming is a good exercise,
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and most people can do it.
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Many people with disabilities can do team sports and athletics, too.
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Some of the world's most amazing sports people have disabilities.
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Discover!
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The Paralympics are Olympic games for sports people with disabilities.
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Chapter 7 Exercise and Your Body When you do exercise, you breathe faster.
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Your lungs take in more air to give your body more oxygen.
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Your heart beats faster, so it moves blood to your muscles faster.
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The blood takes oxygen and food for the muscles to use.
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Your body gets hotter when you do exercise.
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Your skin feels hot, and you make water called sweat.
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When your skin dries, you cool down.
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Discover Discover Most people make more than one liter of sweat in one hour of exercise.
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That's one big bottle of water.
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Your muscles need oxygen to work well for a long time.
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When you walk, jog, cycle,
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or swim, you breathe faster to give your muscles the oxygen that they need.
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This exercise makes you more healthy.
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When your body works very hard,
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your muscles can't get all the oxygen that they need.
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So you can only do exercise like running fast for a short time.
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This type of exercise makes your muscles bigger and stronger.
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Chapter 8 Protect your body.
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Before you start your exercise,
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it's good to warm up your muscles so that you don't damage them.
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When you warm up your muscles, they move more easily.
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Walk, jog, or skip for a few minutes.
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You should also do some stretching exercises.
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These help you to move your arms and legs easily.
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Think about how you breathe when you do exercise.
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When you don't breathe well,
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your brain and muscles don't get all the oxygen that they need.
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You should breathe slowly and deeply.
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After you finish your exercise,
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it's good to cool down your muscles so that they don't get sore.
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Run slowly or walk for a few minutes.
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Then do more stretching exercises.
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You also need to put back the water that you lose in your sweat,
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so it's important to drink after you do exercise.
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Stay safe when you do exercise.
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Use the right equipment to protect your head and body.
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When you are doing exercise outdoors in the dark,
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people need to see you.
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Wear bright clothes and use lights when you cycle.
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Chapter 9.
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Time Outdoors It's good to spend time outdoors.
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Scientists think that it makes you feel happier and it helps you to stay healthy.
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When you are outdoors, it's easy to do exercise and have fun at the same time.
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Many people do team sports at school.
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Cycling and walking are good exercise, too.
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Some people do exciting adventure sports in the mountains,
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like climbing or mountain biking.
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What sports do you do outdoors?
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You need to spend some time outdoors because your skin uses the sun to make vitamin D.
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Vitamin D is important for healthy teeth and bones.
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Remember to wear sun cream because the sun can also damage your skin.
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Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes.
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These people are cleaning the countryside.
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They are picking up waste.
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It's a good way to protect our planet and to stay healthy at the same time.
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Chapter 10 Rest and Sleep It's very important to rest.
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When you do exercise, small pieces of protein in your muscles break.
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Your body needs time to repair your muscles and to make them bigger.
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Don't make your body work too hard.
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When you do lots of exercise,
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it's important to rest the next day.
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Some types of exercise help you to rest.
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There are yoga and tai chi exercises that teach people how to rest.
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Discover Children grow the most when they are sleeping.
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It's also important to sleep well.
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Most people sleep between 6 and 8 hours every night.
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Children need to sleep more than 9 hours every night.
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You need to sleep so that your brain can rest.
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When you don't sleep well,
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your brain can't work well,
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and you feel tired and unhappy.
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Remember, you feel good and stay healthy when you do the right things.
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You should eat well, do exercise,
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and have lots of sleep.
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Ngữ pháp & Biểu thức trong ngữ cảnh
Trong video này, chúng ta có thể thấy một số cấu trúc ngữ pháp và biểu thức quan trọng:
- "You need to protect your body." - Cấu trúc này nhấn mạnh sự cần thiết trong việc chăm sóc sức khỏe cá nhân, sử dụng động từ "need" thể hiện nhu cầu.
- "Your body needs exercise and the right food." - Câu này thể hiện sự kết hợp giữa chủ ngữ và các yếu tố cần thiết cho sức khỏe, giúp bạn hiểu rõ mối quan hệ giữa các thành phần.
- "Some people can do exercise too." - Cấu trúc "can + động từ" cho phép bạn nói về khả năng và cho thấy rằng mọi người đều có thể tham gia vào hoạt động thể chất, bất chấp điều kiện cá nhân.
Khi luyện nói tiếng anh, hãy tập trung vào việc sử dụng các cấu trúc này để tạo ra những câu hỏi hoặc câu trả lời tương tự, giúp bạn nâng cao khả năng giao tiếp.
Các cạm bẫy phát âm phổ biến
Phát âm là một khía cạnh quan trọng trong việc học tiếng Anh, và trong video này có một số từ và cụm từ có thể khiến bạn gặp khó khăn:
- "exercise" - Từ này có thể khó phát âm vì có âm "x" ở giữa. Hãy luyện tập để phát âm rõ ràng, tránh sự nhầm lẫn với các từ khác.
- "healthy" - Âm "th" trong từ này có thể gây khó khăn cho người học. Luyện tập với shadowspeak sẽ giúp bạn phát âm một cách tự nhiên hơn.
- "nutrition" - Từ này có nhiều âm tiết, vì vậy hãy chú ý đến cách nhấn âm đúng chỗ để không bị hụt hơi khi nói.
Sử dụng phương pháp shadowing tiếng anh với video này là một cách tuyệt vời để cải thiện cả ngữ điệu và phát âm của bạn, từ đó giúp bạn tự tin hơn trong giao tiếp hàng ngày.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.