跟读练习: Are carbon credits legit? | Jaye Connolly | TEDxSanDiegoWomen - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Hi.
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Imagine this.
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For every plume of fossil fuel smoke that goes up into the air, A tree springs up in Africa?
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For 30 years, this has been the bold promise of carbon credits.
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What if I told you carbon credits are crap?
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Would you believe me?
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Okay, good, let's do this.
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Join me on my 10,000 mile journey to the heart of Africa to determine whether carbon credits are a genuine solution or a mere smoke screen.
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Before we dive into carbon credits, let me just share some Africa facts with you.
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Did you know Africa is the second largest continent in the world?
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And it contains Earth's second lung, next to the Amazon, called the Congo Basin.
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And together, these two areas make up our global oxygen production.
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There are 1.5 billion people that live within 54 countries, and the average person makes $1 a day.
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By 2030, Africa will have the largest workforce and suffer the most by climate change created by us in the developed world.
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So let's go dive into some carbon credits.
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Have you heard of them before?
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Yes.
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Okay.
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You heard of companies trying to be net zero emissions by 2030?
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Yes.
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Okay.
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How about your friends trying to shrink their carbon footprint by eliminating fossil fuels, like getting rid of plastic bags or gas-powered cars?
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Carbon credits allow companies and individuals to offset their pollution emissions that they can't do anymore internally.
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And they do this by funding sustainable projects, usually in underdeveloped communities, that either one, absorb carbon, like planting a tree or protecting a forest, or two, by reducing emissions, by using renewables, such as solar or hydropower.
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For every one ton of carbon offset, a carbon credit is generated and issued, similar to a stock.
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Carbon credits are traded on an ever-booming marketplace worth over $2 trillion.
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I refer to this as the climate economy, where environmental sustainability intersects with economic growth.
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Last year, an eye-opening article revealed that 90% of all forest-related carbon credits were worthless.
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In one particular project in Africa, companies innocently bought these worthless carbon credits to reduce their emissions, to offset them, and it generated over $100 million of sales for a climate company.
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The article went on to state that 30% or $30 million of those sales went to the very African community striving to protect the forest.
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Okay, I thought, bad for the climate, bad for the companies, but good for the communities, right?
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What I discovered was a little bit different.
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And to be clear, I am no climatologist.
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Mm-mm.
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I am a chairman and CEO of a technology company.
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And for the past decade, we've been working in Africa, deploying technology to strengthen their economies.
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Learning that majority of these projects were happening in Africa, it hit me hard.
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And this is when my professional focus turned to a personal mission.
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So off I set off to my journey to the heart of Africa to determine firsthand how these carbon credits were affecting these communities.
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My first stop was to meet with the local African chief.
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He heads a tribe and a community.
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I shared with him the article, I explained carbon credits, and I told him his community should have received 30 million dollars of benefits.
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You know what he said?
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With that kind of money, this place would look like New York City.
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Instead, we suffer for the basics.
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Food, clean water, jobs, education, fuel, and oh, by the way, no internet around here.
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I apologized to that chief on behalf of that climate company and I told him I would speak up on his behalf and here we are today.
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My second stop was to go meet with the government officials.
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I shared with them that foreign company made a hundred million dollars off their trees in the name of carbon credits.
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You want to hear their reaction?
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Their first reaction was, air is worth that much money.
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And their second one was one of anger that they had been taken advantage of.
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I promised them I would help educate them and accelerate their participation in this climate economy.
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To conclude my investigation, I met with the three key players of this carbon credit ecosystem.
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and here are my observations.
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The first group was the project developer.
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They valued profit over sustainability.
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The second group was the standards governing board who lacked quality standards to actually measure carbon offsets.
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And the third group were the climate investors who lacked oversight as to what was actually happening on the ground.
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Each party assured us that their project positively impacted the environment and the communities, that they followed strict international guidelines requiring ongoing assessments and real-time monitoring.
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Are you thinking what I'm thinking?
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If the system was as rigorous and airtight as they claim, why were 90% of the forest carbon credits worthless?
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and why did the community see so little benefits?
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Carbon credits should uplift, not exploit communities.
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Real change requires complete traceability and transparency.
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We should see clear, verifiable facts about each carbon credit's origin, impact, and benefits, not buried in some thousand-page report with a little 8x10 glossy, a little video.
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And when companies bought these worthless carbon credits, and they did, they need to speak up, and they didn't.
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Climatologist once told me, Jay, carbon capture is easy.
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You can make it traceable.
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You just plant something, it grows, and then you bury it.
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Inspired to dig a little deeper, I went off to Oregon, and there I came across a company that was taking tree waste and making biochar.
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Think of charcoal's eco-friendly cousin.
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The biochar is mixed with manure and creates a rich compost that goes back into the soil for centuries.
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Centuries.
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But wait, not done.
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While this biochar is processing, it creates a lot of energy and it is stored and sold to us here in California.
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Talk about a win-win.
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You got true traceable carbon capture, sustainable energy, and jobs.
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So we're now adopting the same biochar methodology in Africa using their tree and crop waste.
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Who knew a simple solution was a bunch of dirt and leftovers?
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At the end of the day, underdeveloped communities, they struggle a lot, they got a lot of challenges, and it takes every country, every company, hell, it takes all of us to work together to create this green, fair world.
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And navigating Carbon Credits is very complex and we have only scratched the surface.
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But my mission is simple.
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I'm here to educate, drive awareness that leads to a better system.
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On behalf of the Chief and his communities, let's turn these crappy carbon credits into gold for them.
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You with me?
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So here's my challenge to each of you.
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Next time someone asks you to pay to reduce your admissions, treat it as if you're investing in a stock.
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Do your diligence.
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Demand transparency.
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Know every carbon credit's origin, impact, and true benefits.
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And when something doesn't add up and you don't know what to do, I encourage you to speak up.
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Do not be silent, and we will figure this out together.
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Thank you.
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关于本课
在这节课中，学习者将通过探讨碳信用的概念，练习英语口语表达。您将学习如何描述复杂的主题，如环境保护、气候变化以及相关的市场机制，并提升您的英语发音和交际能力。通过听取和模仿视频中的内容，您将增强您的英语口语技巧，尤其在雅思口语练习中有很大帮助。
关键词汇与短语
- 碳信用 (carbon credits)
- 气候经济 (climate economy)
- 可持续项目 (sustainable projects)
- 二氧化碳排放 (carbon emissions)
- 非洲社区 (African community)
- 经济增长 (economic growth)
- 森林保护 (forest protection)
- 可再生能源 (renewable energy)
练习技巧
在学习时，建议您观看视频的各个段落，并尝试shadow speak，这是一种通过模仿原话来提高英语发音的方法。视频内容的速度适中，适合用作雅思口语练习，您可以重复视频中讲者的每一句话，力求模仿他们的语调和重音。
您可以选择先听懂内容，再进行分段模仿，逐步提升自己的准确性。特别注意讲者在表达关键概念时的语速，这能够帮助您在日常交流中提高语音的自然流畅度。通过这种方式，您不仅能学习到新的词汇，还能在提高英语发音的同时，增强自己的文化理解能力。
最后，建议您经常与朋友或语言伙伴进行交流练习，讨论视频中提到的主题，这样您能在真实对话中巩固所学内容，增强自信心，进一步提升英语口语练习的效果。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。