跟读练习: Biopharmaceutical manufacturing process | Boehringer Ingelheim BioXcellence™ - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Biopharmaceuticals are produced in living cell cultures or in bacterial microorganisms.
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Biopharmaceuticals are produced in living cell cultures or in bacterial microorganisms.
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The cells are modified in such a way that they generate the active substance of a biological medicine.
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Once the cells are reprogrammed and multiplied to a target density, they're cryogenically frozen and stored in vessels in a cell bank.
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Once a sample of cells is taken out from the cell bank, the cells must first be multiplied prior to use in a large fermentation vessel known as a bioreactor.
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Several rounds of expansion follow using an enriched nutrient solution specially designed to promote growth, which gradually increases the production volume.
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This provides the cells with optimal growth conditions and generates enough cells for the subsequent cultivation in the bioreactor.
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Parameters such as temperature, oxygen level, pH, and cellular debris must be controlled and adapted as the cells grow.
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Next, in the upstream process, the active substance is produced in a production bioreactor, the largest of which can hold a volume of up to 18,000 liters.
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The active substance is produced by further modification of the nutrient media to prompt the cells into generating the desired active pharmaceutical ingredient, the API.
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In the next process step, the downstream process, the API is separated or harvested from the cells and then purified.
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The purification process takes place in large chromatography columns which contains special resins designed to separate the API from additives and byproducts.
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On average a large-scale production process of a typical antibody can generate about 20 to 50 kilograms of active substance from one upstream manufacturing batch.
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In the final step the drug products are filled into vials in a highly sterile environment and then either stored as a frozen liquid or lyophilized as freeze-dried powder.
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Many biological medicines are also filled as liquids into syringes and stored under controlled refrigerated conditions.
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为什么要通过这个视频练习口语？
在学习英语的过程中，通过看YouTube学英语是一种有效的方法，尤其是当我们练习英语影子跟读时。这个视频介绍了生物制药的生产过程，内容专业且富有挑战性，非常适合希望提升英语口语练习的学习者。通过跟读讲解，学习者不仅可以强化听力，还能模仿发音和语调，这将大幅提升他们的口语表达能力。
语法与表达在语境中的应用
- 被动语态：例如，“生物医药是在活细胞培养或细菌微生物中生产的。”被动语态使语句更加正式且符合科学表述，学习者可以在描述过程时借用此结构。
- 动词不定式：视频中提到“为了促进细胞生长”，通过学习这个结构，学习者可以更灵活地表达目的，扩大句子表达的丰富性。
- 短语动词：视频中的“take out from the cell bank”展示了短语动词在实验室操作中的使用，增强了交际的自然流畅性，学生应多加练习。
常见的发音难点
在视频中，有几个词语的发音可能让学习者感到困难。例如，“cryogenically”这一词比较长且音节复杂，易于产生发音错误。此外，像“bioreactor”和“chromatography”这些专业术语在快速说话中可能会让人迷失，学习者需要进行多次英语影子跟读以提高发音的准确性。
通过练习这些难点词汇和语法结构，学习者能够提高提高英语发音的能力，进而增强自己在专业语境中的沟通技能。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。