跟读练习: Cambridge IELTS 20 PART 3 TEST 1– #listeningielts20part3 #ielts20 #voduyquynh - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Part 3.
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You will hear two sociology students called Tamara and Dev discussing their research for a presentation on loneliness.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Shall we go through the notes we've made from our research into loneliness now, Dev?
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OK, Tamara.
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It's been a real eye-opener.
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I had no idea that loneliness has been increasing steadily for the last 20 years.
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I know.
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And it's the same all over the world.
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The downside of a modern lifestyle, I guess.
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Did you come to any conclusions about what the reasons for the increase are?
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Well, I'd assumed it was mainly an issue for the elderly, but in fact it's something which affects young people just as much.
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So nothing really to do with longer lifespans.
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What about social media?
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In my case, far from making me feel isolated, it actually does the opposite.
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It definitely does more good than harm.
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I'd say loneliness has a lot to do with the way cities are designed.
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People living in high-rise flats with not much opportunity to speak to their neighbours.
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I think you're right.
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Another possible reason is that people are having fewer children and don't live in large extended family groups.
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But in this country anyway, that all changed decades ago, and yet loneliness is a more recent problem.
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I suppose so.
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A more plausible explanation is that people are having to move around for work
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and often end up living miles away from their family and friends.
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That's true.
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Looking at the studies on health risks and loneliness, there are claims that loneliness has as much impact as smoking 15 cigarettes a day.
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Or similar to the risks caused by obesity.
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But I'm not sure there's enough evidence for some of these claims.
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Well, what about that one in Finland, which showed that loneliness increased the risk of cancer by about 10%?
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And those findings have been supported by other studies too.
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You're right about that one.
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I was actually thinking of the studies on dementia.
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Some found no association between loneliness and dementia, and others found the opposite.
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Not exactly reliable then.
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There's been a lot of research on cardiovascular disease and whether loneliness contributes to that.
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Yes, I read
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that it was hard to reach judgment as the definition of loneliness varied quite a lot
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and the responses from participants were too subjective.
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But there's no doubt that loneliness contributes to a weakened immune system.
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Unquestionably.
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The data on that is sound.
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What did you think about the evolutionary theory of loneliness?
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Well, I thought the idea that loneliness evolved because it motivated people to be with other people quite convincing.
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Survival often depended on group cooperation.
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But I don't think there's enough evidence to claim
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that there must be a group of neurons in our brains
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which influence social behaviour by making us feel bad when we're alone.
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There are a few studies which support the theory, but not conclusively enough.
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More evidence is needed.
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And anyway, this theory is not really useful when it comes to solving the problem of loneliness today.
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True.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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Should we look at the relationship between loneliness and mental health now?
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OK.
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So, loneliness and depression are clearly related and that's been recognised by various governments around the world.
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But unlike depression, loneliness has no recognised clinical form.
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There's no available diagnosis or effective treatment and that's not likely to change.
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I don't think so either.
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I was thinking we should start our presentation with an example from our own experience.
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I'd like to talk about how lonely I was when I started university, being away from home for the first time and all that.
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Good idea.
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Everyone will be able to relate to that, although a lot of students were probably too embarrassed to admit to it.
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Yeah.
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We could discuss ways of dealing with loneliness as well, like just talking to strangers.
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Loads of studies have shown that interactions with shop assistants and bar staff make people feel more optimistic and relaxed.
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I don't know about that, but it must make people feel more connected with their community.
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True, although you need to be a certain kind of person to be able to just strike up a conversation.
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Good point.
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We should say something about solitude and how being alone and being lonely aren't the same thing.
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It's strange the way some people can't stand being by themselves while others love it.
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Yeah, the research shows a certain amount of solitude is beneficial for well-being, which I appreciate.
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but being alone isn't something I actually like.
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I'd never choose to go on holiday alone, for example.
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Me neither.
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Well, let's not...
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That is the end of part three.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part three.
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Thank you.

背景与上下文

在这段对话中，两个社会学学生塔玛拉（Tamara）和德夫（Dev）正在讨论他们关于孤独的研究。他们发现孤独感在过去20年中稳步增加，并讨论了其原因和影响。通过他们的交流，听众能够了解现代生活方式对孤独感的影响，以及不同年龄段人群面临的挑战。这段对话不仅提供了孤独感的社会学视角，也涉及到健康风险的研究，适合希望提高英语口语和理解能力的学习者。

日常交流中的五个常用短语

  • It's been a real eye-opener.（这真是一个令人惊叹的发现。）
  • I'd say loneliness has a lot to do with...（我认为孤独感与……有很大关系。）
  • That's true.（没错。）
  • What about social media?（社交媒体呢？）
  • There's been a lot of research on...（关于……已经进行了很多研究。）

逐步模仿练习指南

为了帮助提高英语口语和发音，学习者可以运用以下的逐步模仿（shadow speak）练习方法。

  1. 选择视频片段：从视频中选择一段讨论孤独的对话，该段对话内容丰富且涉及多个主题。
  2. 初步理解：先观看这一段，然后阅读脚本，确保理解内容。注意对话中的关键信息和情感。
  3. 跟读练习：启动视频，将音量调低，跟着塔玛拉和德夫的发音模仿他们的语调和语速。可以重复几遍，直到感觉自然。
  4. 逐句分析：对于困难的句子，停止视频并逐句解析，确保发音准确。尝试将句子拆分成较小的片段，使发音更容易。
  5. 应用于日常交流：在与他人讨论孤独或社会媒体的时候，尝试将学到的短语和句子自然地融入对话中，这样能够更好地提升英语口语练习效果。

通过这种方式，学习者不仅能够理解对话的内容，还能在现实生活中灵活运用，以提高英语口语能力，改善发音，增加自信心。在看YouTube学英语时，借助这些技巧来达到更好的学习成果。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。