跟读练习: How long can hair grow? - Maksim Plikus - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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At age 44, Xie Qiuping cut her hair for the first time in over three decades.
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At age 44, Xie Qiuping cut her hair for the first time in over three decades.
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At the time, her impressive locks extended over five meters— earning the Guinness World Record for the world's longest hair.
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But even with this record-setting feat, her hair might not have reached its maximum possible length.
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So just how long can human hair actually grow?
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To get to the bottom of this question, let's start at the bottom of a hair follicle.
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Follicles are tube-shaped structures nestled roughly half a centimeter below the skin's surface.
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At their base is what's called the hair bulb, and it contains rapidly dividing matrix cells.
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As they divide, these develop into specialized hair cells called trichocytes, which harden as they fill themselves with cable-like keratin proteins.
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As more and more trichocytes are produced, they form a strand of hair that emerges from the follicle and grows upwards.
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All the hair on your body grows this way, but not all hair will grow to the same length, shape, or color.
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Those properties are determined by yet another type of cell within the hair bulb: the fibroblast.
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Fibroblasts instruct the matrix cells to grow specific kinds of hair for each part of the body.
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This is why doctors doing hair implants usually use follicles from the same body part, though they'll sometimes change things up.
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For example, eyelashes are some of the shortest hairs on your body at an average length of one centimeter.
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So to give people longer eyelashes, doctors might implant scalp follicles, which grow at a rate of about 15 centimeters per year.
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So these patients will have to trim their new lashes regularly to avoid a blinding curtain of hair.
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In general, our follicles are very resilient.
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Even if you pluck hair out with your fingers or some wax, you’ll likely only damage matrix cells, not fibroblasts.
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So given time, those hair bulbs will repair themselves and begin producing new hair.
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However, each strand of hair will only grow for so long.
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We don't fully understand how follicles measure time, but in most cases they'll stop growing a strand after 5 to 7 years.
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This means that at the rate of 15 centimeters a year, the average person’s scalp hair could reach a maximum length of around one meter.
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The precise duration and speed of hair growth varies from person to person depending on genetics, hormones, and various health conditions, and it’s difficult to know exactly what combination of these factors let Xie Quiping reach her record.
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But however long your locks may be, when a follicle stops growing, the hair falls out— shedding from our heads slowly, or in clumps during showers and hair brushing.
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After a hair is lost, fibroblasts will trigger the growth of a new strand to fill out your scalp— usually.
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As we age, follicles run out of certain cell types, which can lead to changes in hair growth.
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For example, when they run out of pigment-producing melanocyte stem cells, follicles begin producing gray hairs.
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And since there are only a handful of melanocyte stem cells per follicle to begin with, they tend to run out relatively early in a person’s life.
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Similarly, when follicles run out of epithelial stem cells, they begin to shrink and grow shorter, thinner strands before eventually shutting down production altogether.
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This is what leads to baldness, though the condition can also be accelerated by testosterone, which can prevent fibroblasts’ instructions from reaching a follicle’s cells.
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While it’s completely natural for hair growth to change over the course of our lives, there are ways to take more control of our scalps.
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Some baldness remedies remove excess testosterone, and special shampoos can address the coarse, brittle strands reported by many people with gray hair.
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Since our bodies already produce hair at the fastest possible biological speed, there's currently no way to grow hair faster.
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But even if you’re unlikely to beat Xie Qiuping’s record, with time, the right treatments, and some genetic luck, you should be able to grow some luscious locks of your own.
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为什么通过这个视频练习口语？
通过观看“Maksim Plikus”的视频，您不仅可以获得关于人类头发生长的科学知识，还可以有效提高英语口语表达能力。该视频采用简单易懂的语言，适合英语学习者在了解生物学知识的同时，练习模仿演讲者的发音和语调。这种影子跟读（shadow speak）的方法可以增强您的口语流利度和自信心，使您的英语表达更自然、更地道。利用这些知识，而通过我们推荐的英语影子跟读（英语影子跟读）技巧，您将能更好地掌握英语口语的语感和节奏。
语法和表达的语境分析
在视频中，演讲者使用了一些关键的语法结构和表达方式，适合英语学习者进行跟读练习。
- Passive Voice（被动语态）: "Hair is produced." 这种结构可以帮助学习者理解如何使用被动语态来表达事物的发生，而不强调执行者。
- Comparative Structures（比较结构）: "longer eyelashes" 和 "shorter strands" 的使用展示了如何比较不同事物的特征，学习者可以模仿练习类似的描述方式。
- Future Tense（将来时）: "will trigger the growth" 和 "will stop growing" 提供了将来时间的表达方法，帮助学习者了解如何表达未来的事件。
常见发音陷阱
在视频中，一些特定的单词和短语可能会让英语学习者感到困难。以下是一些需要特别注意的发音：
- Follicle: 这个单词的发音可能会让初学者感到棘手，注意重音位置在第一个音节上。
- Resilient: 此词需要练习以确保流利发音，特别是在快速对话中。
- Melanocyte: 这个医学术语可能会让很多人困惑，反复练习能够帮助掌握其正确的发音和语调。
通过结合这些语法知识和注意发音陷阱，您可以在跟读（shadowspeaks）练习中不断进步，提升您的英语口语能力。記得經常利用这种英语影子跟读的方法，加深您的学习效果。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。