跟读练习: How Your Quick Decisions Can Change Your Life | NO MUSIC | practice English with Spotlight - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Colin Lowther.
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Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Colin Lowther.
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And I'm Liz Waid.
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Spotlight uses a special method of broadcasting.
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It is easier for people to understand no matter where in the world they live.
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Most people have experienced an immediate reaction.
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Think about the last time you smelled something delicious.
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Did you react with an emotion?
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Have you had a reaction to a beautiful piece of art?
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Did you react emotionally when you saw someone you loved?
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Malcolm Gladwell is a writer.
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He writes about how our brains are influenced by things we do not even know.
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Gladwell calls these immediate reactions we just thought about snap judgements, or quick decisions.
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They often influence us in ways we may not even recognize.
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Today's Spotlight is on these immediate reactions and how they affect our everyday lives.
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Here is a fun example of how our brains create these immediate reactions.
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Answer these questions as quickly as possible.
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What color are clouds? What color is snow?
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What do cows drink?
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Most people answer the first two questions with “white”.
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But they answer the third question with the word “milk”.
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If you answered that cows drink milk, you are not alone.
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The correct answer is water.
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It was the color white that made you have a snap decision that cows drink milk.
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Malcolm Gladwell wrote a book about snap judgements called "Blink".
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In this book, he tells a story about a snap decision.
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In 1983, the J. Paul Getty Museum received a statue.
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They believed it was from the sixth century B.C.
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Scientists at the museum did some basic tests to make sure the statue was real.
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The tests seemed to show that the statue was very old.
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Thomas Hoving is an art manager. He looked at the statue.
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Hoving always remembers the first word to come into his mind when he looks at a new piece of work.
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Normally, when Hoving sees an old, large marble statue, his first word is “old”, “beautiful”, “ancient”, or even “heavy”.
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Hoving has been around art for many years.
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His experience makes it easier for him to choose between real art and copies of real art.
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And when he looked at the statue, the first word he thought of was “fresh”.
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His snap judgement made him think the statue was not thousands of years old.
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It was new.
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Scientists decided to do more tests.
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These further test results showed that the statue was not real.
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It was a very good copy of a real statue.
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The person who made the statue worked hard to make the statue seem old.
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The museum was not happy when they learned they would not be able to put this statue in their museum.
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But this snap decision saved the museum from years of shame and regret.
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This is just one example of the effects of snap judgements or quick decisions.
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Snap judgements can also help improve - or even save - our lives.
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Imagine you are walking down a street on a sidewalk.
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You are thinking about something that is very interesting.
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You are not thinking about walking down the street.
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You decide to turn right.
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You do not see that you have just stepped out on to a busy street.
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You look up and see that there is a car driving toward you.
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Without thinking, you jump back up on to the sidewalk.
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You do this to avoid being hit.
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It was your own quick decision to jump back, away from the street, that saved you from being hurt.
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In an emergency, quick decisions also help.
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For example, doctors use snap judgements to treat injuries.
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They react based on past experiences.
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These past experiences help doctors know, without thinking, what they must do.
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If doctors take too long to make a decision, it can be too late to save a person's life.
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Their quick thinking can help keep everyone safe.
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Gladwell says that people make quick decisions because they must.
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Sometimes people must make quick decisions to survive.
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Other times, people make them because it is natural.
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Our past experiences help to form our decisions.
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This is what helps to make them natural.
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Snap judgements come from the unconscious part of our brain.
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So, we do not know we are making snap judgements until after we make them.
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We often do this when we meet people.
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There is a common saying in the English language: "Do not judge a book by its cover”.
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This means that we should not make an opinion about something or somebody based on the way they look.
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But people do this every single day.
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And, sadly, these snap judgements can easily be wrong.
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Snap judgements come from experience.
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But our experiences of people can be limited.
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Many of us do not know people of a different ethnicity or race.
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We mostly know people who are like us.
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So, when we see someone who looks different, our snap judgements are not based on experience.
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They are based on ideas from other people.
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Or they are based on stories in radio and television.
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These are prejudices.
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And snap judgements based on prejudice are often wrong.
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Often, a person's appearance does not tell us much about who they are or what they are like.
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It is natural to make snap judgements about other people.
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However, these judgements are not always true.
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For example, imagine that you see a person with a different skin color than yours.
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You may have a thought like “I am smarter than he is” or “He is mean”.
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These are not good snap judgements.
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Thoughts like these are judgements about a person's character and abilities.
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Sometimes, we need to make a quick decision about a person to protect our own lives.
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If we see someone carrying a weapon, it would be right to make the snap judgement to hide or run away.
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People make snap judgements every single day.
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But we can decide how we let the snap judgements affect our lives.
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It is important to be careful not to let these quick decisions change the way we think of a person.
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Think of how your snap judgements affect your everyday life.
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You could surprise yourself.
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We will tell another story about snap judgements for members of our YouTube channel.
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Members get access to exclusive videos, PDFs of scripts, and can join our private Spotlight English Facebook group.
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We hope you make a snap judgement to check it out!
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If you are on YouTube, click Join below.
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What kinds of snap judgements do you make?
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Have you ever regretted a quick decision?
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Tell us what you think.
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You can leave a comment on our website.
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Or email us at [email protected].
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You can also find us on Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, and Twitter.
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The writer of today's program was Erin Layman.
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The producer was Liz Waid.
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The voices you heard were from the United States.
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You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet at www.spotlightenglish.com.
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This program is called "How Your Quick Decisions Can Change Your Life".
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Visit our website to download our free official app for Android and Apple devices.
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We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye!
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背景与上下文
在今天的Spotlight节目中，主持人Colin Lowther与Liz Waid探讨了快速决策如何影响我们的生活。他们通过一系列有趣的例子，让我们意识到，瞬间的反应可能潜移默化地改变我们的认知和选择。这些快速的判断，称为“瞬间判断”，通常发生在我们未能意识到的情况下。节目中提到的Malcolm Gladwell的著作《Blink》，深刻剖析了这一现象，并通过真实的案例展示了瞬间判断对我们生活的重要影响。
日常沟通的五个常用短语
- “快点做决定！” - 在需要迅速做出选择时使用。
- “这让我感到有趣。” - 用于表达你的兴趣和参与感。
- “我第一次看到这个。” - 表达你对新事物的惊奇。
- “我从未想过。” - 适合用于表示惊讶或新观点的发现。
- “我们需要重新审视这个问题。” - 在讨论中引导重新考虑某些决策。
逐步跟读指南
为了更好地掌握节目的内容，并提高英语发音，你可以使用以下的逐步跟读技巧。这将有助于你在看YouTube学英语的过程中，大幅提升你的英语口语练习能力。
- 选择段落：从节目中选择一个段落，确保内容相对简短，方便集中注意力。
- 听取第一次：听一遍整体内容，理解大意，注意瞬间判断的例子。
- 逐句跟读：逐句重听并模仿主持人的声音和语调，采用英语影子跟读技术。
- 停顿复述：每听完一句话，尝试复述内容，强化记忆和理解。
- 反复练习：针对听力较难的部分进行多轮跟读，保证发音的准确性。
通过这些方法，结合提高英语发音的练习，你将在日常生活中自信地运用英语进行交流。不断的练习让你在瞬间判断中更加灵活和敏锐，取得更好的学习成果。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。