跟读练习: Understanding Global Atmospheric Circulation - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Why is it that some parts of the world are warmer than others,
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Why is it that some parts of the world are warmer than others,
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even when they are approximately the same distance from the equator?
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For example, in the Scilly Isles that lie off the coast of Cornwall in southwest England,
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January temperatures are generally very mild.
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Frosts are extremely rare and snow even more so.
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Average daytime temperatures are about 10 degrees Celsius and nighttime about 5.
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Yet cross the Atlantic to the city of St John's in Newfoundland,
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Canada, and the situation is very different.
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In January there's an average 18 days of snow cover,
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and minimum temperatures at night average minus 9 degrees.
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That's a 14 degree difference between those two locations,
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even though they are at a similar latitude.
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One important factor is the Gulf Stream,
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a warm stream of surface water that circulates around the Atlantic Ocean.
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The North Atlantic Drift is an offshoot that circulates warm water around the Scillies,
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so the sea surface temperature almost never falls below 11 degrees in winter.
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In St John's at the same time,
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the sea temperature is 0.5 degrees.
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The Gulf Stream is partly caused by the circulation of ocean waters,
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but is mainly driven by winds.
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The Earth's climate, ocean currents and global atmospheric circulation or large-scale winds are interconnected.
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At any one time there are many different weather systems creating localised conditions around the globe.
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While storms are raging in the North Atlantic in February,
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in the Southern Hemisphere, Central Australia can be suffering intense heat,
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and heavy tropical rains might be falling in the Amazon rainforests.
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The global circulation model explains the Earth's atmospheric circulation.
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Heating and cooling effects around the globe are driven by wind.
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The starting point of this model is heat from the sun.
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Energy from the sun is shortwave light radiation and not actually heat.
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The heat we feel comes from light absorbed on the Earth's surface,
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which is converted into longwave radiation that we feel as heat.
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So on a warm day,
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the heat we feel comes from the Earth's surface heating the air around it.
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Our location on Earth plays a major part in determining the amount of heat we feel.
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In the Sahara, during the hottest months,
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air temperatures can rise above 50 degrees Celsius.
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Over the course of one year,
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the intensity of solar radiation,
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or insulation, is greatest over the equator because the sun is directly overhead.
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At the polar caps, the sun hits the Earth's surface at a much lower angle,
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so the same amount of energy is spread over a much larger area,
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which means it's cooler.
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Polar ice sheets also reflect most of the sunlight that does reach the surface.
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There is an excess of heat at the equator and a deficit at the poles.
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关于本课
在本课中，学习者将通过分析气候与大气环流之间的关系，来提高他们的英语听说能力。我们将探讨为什么地球上某些地方的温度会比其他地方更高，尽管它们离赤道的距离相似。通过观看相关视频，学习者可以掌握一些气候相关的词汇与表达方式，这将有助于提升他们的雅思口语能力及日常交流水平。
关键词汇与短语
- 大气环流 - Atmospheric circulation
- 海流 - Ocean currents
- 气温 - Air temperature
- 太阳辐射 - Solar radiation
- 赤道 - Equator
- 极地 - Polar
- 气候 - Climate
- 热量 - Heat
练习建议
为了有效提升您的英语口语能力，建议您采用英语影子跟读的方法。观看视频时，请尽量跟随发音者的节奏与语调进行模仿。例如，本视频的讲述者语速适中，您可以在理解内容的基础上，反复听取并模仿其表述。
注意，您在模仿时要关注语音的重音与连读现象。这会帮助您更自然地表达。除了模仿发音，您还可以尝试将新学的关键词汇运用到日常对话中，通过看YouTube学英语来加深记忆，并提高雅思口语练习的效果。
坚持每天花一些时间进行shadow speak与听力练习，您会发现自己的英语交流能力逐渐提升。利用这段视频的内容，您不仅可以学到关于气候变化的重要知识，还能有效地提升自己的语言表达能力。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。