跟读练习: What If Megalodon Met the Biggest Snake Ever - 通过视频学习英语口语
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This is going to be a very unusual match, but I bet it'll also be spectacular and intense.
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In the left corner, we have Megalodon.
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This species went extinct about 3 million years ago, but there are good reasons why it's now a legendary animal.
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It's the biggest shark that ever existed, and it was a super powerful predator in its time.
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And a round of applause for our contender in the right corner, Titanoboa.
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This one's way bigger than any other snake.
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It lives in the swamps of Colombia, and it's the real boss of the area.
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Titanoboa can eat absolutely any animal it decides to hunt, and it faces no competition.
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It can swallow a giant turtle or even a crocodile.
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It looks like a modern boa but behaves like an anaconda, and that's a very scary mix!
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But can it stop a giant shark?
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Let's start by looking at their sizes.
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We still don't know about Megalodon's exact size, because the only remains of them that have survived are just fossilized backbones and teeth.
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But scientists generally think this monster was about 50 feet long.
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So it wasn't just the biggest shark that ever existed, but also one of the biggest fish of its time.
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Its closest rival is the modern whale shark, but they're only about 40 feet.
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The giant Titanoboa got so big thanks to a lucky coincidence since.
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Snakes are cold-blooded animals, so they need a warm climate to live and grow in.
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Northeastern Colombia is perfect.
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It was about 90 degrees when Titanoboa was alive.
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This helped it grow to an incredible 42 feet in length.
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Titanoboa could easily swallow the longest snake registered in the Guinness Book of Records, which is only about 25 feet long.
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And that's a big gulp!
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So we have 50 feet versus 42.
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The first point goes to Megalodon.
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What about weight?
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Titanoboa is about 2,500 pounds.
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That's heavier than a small car, including the passengers.
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But it might be even heavier if you run into Titanoboa after it's had lunch.
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In that case, you can add a few hundred pounds more from the turtle or the alligator that it just swallowed.
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If you put Titanoboa on some very large scales, you'd need 5 giant anacondas on the other side to balance them out.
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But Megalodon is an incredible 50 times heavier than Titanoboa.
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The average adult female weighs between 27 and 59 tons.
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That's as much as an empty Boeing 737 airplane.
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And that's without carry-on luggage, either.
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Luckily enough, Megalodon can't fly.
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So obviously, Megalodon wins in the weight category.
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That's one more point to the ancient shark.
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Although having such a large weight makes it difficult for the shark to move and also means it's a little clumsy.
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Which leads us to our next category, speed and agility.
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Megalodon can swim at about 16 feet per second.
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That's enough to make it the ultimate predator.
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But it's still slower than plenty of other species.
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If Megalodon was swimming in a pool and Usain Bolt was running along next to it, he would be twice as fast.
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His top speed is almost 40 feet per second.
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Now a sailfish, which is the fastest sea creature, can reach about 100 feet per second.
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Giant size and weight make it turn really slowly, just the same as a large truck.
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So when it attacks, the shark has only one chance to strike.
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If it misses, it has to go around for a second attempt.
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This gives its prey more than enough time to run away.
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Titanoboa isn't that fast either, especially on land.
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But when the giant snake is in the water, it can swim at a speed of up to 12 miles per hour.
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Not much, but enough for it to escape from Megalodon if it needs to.
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It's learned to swim so well because water is its main hunting ground.
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And because Titanoboa is a snake, duh, it also has incredible mobility.
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It can wriggle around and change direction very quickly.
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So it can easily dodge Megalodon's bite.
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So here's the first point for Titanoboa.
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The score is 2-1 in favor of megalodon.
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Next section, fighting skills.
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Megalodon is incredibly smart.
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It can change tactics depending on what kind of prey it's hunting.
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Scientists have found teeth markings from megalodon on some whale fossils.
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These show that the giant sharks aim their bites at their prey's vital body parts to take them out quickly.
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Other remains of Megalodon's victims have multiple fractures.
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This is because Megalodon performs a super-powerful ram attack that can knock almost anything out.
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In fact, this 50-ton beast can easily smash through concrete walls.
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So, Megalodon's opponents don't really stand a chance.
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Some of them prefer to first damage the tails and fins of the whale they're hunting.
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This stops it from escaping, letting the huge predator finish off its defenseless victim.
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Now, what can Titanoboa do in response?
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The giant snake isn't poisonous, but this doesn't stop it from hunting prey up to 4 meters long.
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Its bite has a very special design.
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The structure of its teeth and jaws lets Titanoboa really clamp down on the body of its prey, so there's no escape.
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When hunting, Titanoboa uses similar tactics to an anaconda or a boa.
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By that, I mean it uses its powerful muscles and weight to stop its prey from moving.
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It deploys all of its strength to take away the animal's energy, making it helpless.
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So Titanoboa is not only really speedy and agile, it can also fight its corner pretty well.
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It's definitely earned a point in the fighting skills section.
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The score is now 2-2!
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That's a tie going into the final round!
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We've got one more section before we find out which of these ancient monsters will win!
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Up now is Fighting Tools!
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Apart from its ramming power, Megalodon has something else up its sleeve, even though it really doesn't have arms or wears a coat.
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Let's take a look at its jaw.
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Its teeth are about 7 inches long.
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an absolute record for all known shark species in the world.
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Megalodon has about 250 of these deadly pointy things arranged in 5 rows.
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They're also really sharp, which helps it penetrate the thick skin of big animals like whales.
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Megalodon's jaws are 6.5 feet wide, and it has one of the strongest bites of any animal on the planet.
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Not only are Are they super dangerous?
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Megalodon's teeth are also really valuable.
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One of these ancient incisors was once found in Western Australia.
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The location where it was dug up was kept secret, but this didn't stop intruders from stealing it.
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It's probably in someone's private collection by now, and sadly, scientists missed the chance to learn something new about Megalodon.
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Titanoboa also has a mean set of teeth.
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They're thin and pointed like needles.
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They bend inwards in the snake's jaw like fishing hooks.
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This little feature helps Titanoboa get a grip on its prey and prevent the slightest chance of it running or swimming away.
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If the animal tries to pull itself free, it will only hurt itself even more.
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And remember that Titanoboa is incredibly agile, so it can strike with that bite at an incredible speed.
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Now it's time for the fight itself!
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but never swims in the open sea.
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But here Megalodon has gotten lost and ended up in a shallow swampy area off the coast of Colombia.
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In water like this, Megalodon finds it even harder to move around.
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It could bite Titanoboa just once and the fight would be over.
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But because the shark moves so much slower than the snake, for now, he doesn't get the chance to snap those enormous jaws.
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Titanoboa starts attacking Megalodon, but it can't do much damage to that thick skin with its sharp but very short teeth.
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Eventually, Megalodon gets its chance and ends the fight with a single bite.
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It turns out that those huge teeth were what really mattered in this competition.
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Chew on that for a while.
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That's 3 to 2 and a victory to the giant shark!
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 112 个句子、1339 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 8:42。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 154 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 79% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| bite 动词 | /baɪt/ | 咬 |
| snake 名词 | /sneɪk/ | шә, чончун |
| swim 动词 | /swɪm/ | 游泳 |
| prey 名词 | /pɹeɪ/ | 獵物 /猎物 |
| whale 名词 | /ˈweɪl/ | 鯨魚 /鲸鱼 |
| scientist 名词 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 科學家 /科学家 |
| jaw 名词 | /d͡ʒɔː/ | 顎 /颚, 下顎 /下颚 |
| swallow 动词 | /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ | 吞, 咽 |
| predator 名词 | /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ | 掠食者, 天敵 /天敌 |
| sharp 形容词 | /ʃɑɹp/ | 銳利 /锐利, 尖銳 /尖锐 |
| thick 形容词 | /θɪk/ | ху, 厚 |
| skill 名词 | /skɪl/ | 技巧, 技能 |
| tactics 名词 | /ˈtæktɪks/ | 戰術 /战术 |
| turtle 名词 | /ˈtɝtl̩/ | 龜 /龟, 烏龜 /乌龟 |
| earn 动词 | /ɝn/ | 掙 /挣, 賺 /赚 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| find out 动词 | 找出, 查明 |
| run away 动词 | 逃跑 |
| turn out 动词 | 原來 /原来 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 18 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 they're, doesn't, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: thick /θɪk/, thin /ˈθɪn/, northeastern /ˌnorˈθiː.stɚn/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: sharp /ʃɑɹp/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, smash /smæʃ/, shallow /ˈʃæloʊ/, sailfish /ˈseɪlˌfɪʃ/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, legendary /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənˌdɛɹ.i/, spectacular /spɛkˈtæk.jə.lɚ/, mobility /mə(ʊ)ˈbɪlɪti/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 bite, snake, swim 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have survived · have found · has gotten lost |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | are just fossilized · was dug |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | Records, which is · sailfish, which is |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。