跟读练习: What is sex?: Sex Ed #1 - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Have you had sex?
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Have you had sex?
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If not, no big deal.
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And if you're like, yeah, done it, currently doing it, okay, yes, go off.
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But either way, how do you know?
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Like most people would agree, penis in vagina equals S-E-X.
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But what about mouth stuff, hand stuff, butt stuff?
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When it comes to doing it, what actually counts as it?
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Hi, I'm Sham Voodram, and this is Crash Course Sex Ed.
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Doing it, getting laid.
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Don't forget the horizontal hula.
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Yes, Teen Shan, thank you for that very helpful addition.
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Whatever you call it, there's a whole range of sexcapades people get up to, involving penises, vaginas, mouths, hands, butts, toys, and so on.
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But here's the thing, when people say they're having sex, what exactly do they mean?
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Turns out, for a long time, we didn't know.
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Not until a guy came along who studied insects.
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Teen Chan, let him know.
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It's 1938, and Indiana University is offering its first-ever marriage class for married students in need of some sexual
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and reproductive health 101.
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Despite being more of a bug guy, popular professor and entomologist Alfred Kinsey is enlisted to help teach it.
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And the students have lots of sex questions, though they're really all the same question.
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What's normal?
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Kinsey realized he didn't know.
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Nobody did.
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Because there simply hadn't been solid scientific study of what people actually do when they do it.
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So Kinsey hatched a plan.
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Instead of collecting bugs, he'd collect people's sex histories.
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Over the next decade and a half, he and his team interviewed over 18,000 strangers, asking direct and non-judgmental questions like, how often do you masturbate?
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And, when was your first actual experience?
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The team's findings sent shockwaves across the United States.
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Masturbation, premarital sex, and same-sex experiences were far more common than assumed, considering how widely these behaviors were shamed and even punished at the time.
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And one of the most influential concepts to come out of that research was the Kinsey Scale.
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The idea that sexual attraction falls on a continuum, not in two opposite categories.
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On a scale, many people fall somewhere in the middle.
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Sexual attraction isn't just black and white, it's all the shades in between.
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Kinsey's research challenged Americans' perceptions of what was normal sexual behavior, and it added a lot to the field of sexology, the scientific study of sex.
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Today, sexologists continue to research what people do, think, and feel about sex.
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Which is why we know more than like rumors from your best friend's cousin's neighbor.
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And a juicy truth we can pull from the Kinsey scale?
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Sexuality, who you are as a sexual being, is about more than just what you're doing in the bedroom, or on the couch, or not at all.
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Sex columnist Dan Savage puts it this way, sexuality is like a three-layer cake.
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there's your sexual orientation who you want to do it with your sexual behavior who you actually do it with
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and your sexual identity who you tell people you do it with by identifying as gay straight bisexual
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or something else sometimes those layers are all the same flavor
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imagine a man who's attracted exclusively to women has sex exclusively with women and identifies as women want me fish Fair me.
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I mean, he's straight.
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That guy might be a little delulu about his sexual and fishing prowess, but at least he's comfy with his cake.
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But now, let's imagine this fisherman is actually attracted to men, despite identifying as straight.
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His cake has a funfetti layer, but because of his attitudes around him, like major anti-funfetti vibes among his friends and family, he feels ashamed or unsafe acting on that desire,
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much less announcing it to the world.
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He feels like he needs to hide the funfetti and tell the world he's all red velvet.
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And when someone experiences a clash in the layers of their sexuality, this can trigger stress, depression, and the feeling that they can't fully be themselves.
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Often, that inner conflict is thanks to culture, which is kind of like an iceberg.
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You can only see about 10% of it on the outside.
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The food, the clothing, the aggressively orange mascots.
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The rest is a hulking mask of beliefs, attitudes, and meanings lurking beneath the surface, influencing how we view the world, including how we think about sex.
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And different cultures circulate their own ideas about what's normal or acceptable, like is sex before marriage forbidden, tolerated, or expected?
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Do people talk about sex openly or treat it like embarrassing photos from your awkward face, only safe with a few trusted people?
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Is same-sex attraction punished or embraced?
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Every culture regulates sex in some way, Whether that's through formal rules like legislating homosexuality as a crime,
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or through social norms like closing the bedroom curtains so the neighbors can't see you.
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And all that can influence how we feel about, well, the way we feel.
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Culture can even influence what we consider sex and what we don't.
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Which brings me back to the question, have you had sex?
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How do you know?
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Because even within the same culture, people don't always agree on which behaviors count.
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Like in 2017, researchers looked at responses from over 3,000 straight identifying men
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and women in the U.S who were asked if they considered butt stuff to be sex.
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While 90% agreed that penis and anus equal sex, when it came to mouths or hands touching a butt,
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they were like, yes, no, I don't know.
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Except for older men who'd personally done that stuff.
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And they were more likely to say, oh yeah, that's sex for sure.
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And when it comes to intimacy or a feeling of closeness, that can accompany sex or not.
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Making out can feel intimate, but so can someone taking your bare, ungloved hand as you step out of a carriage.
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Maybe I've watched Pride and Prejudice too many times.
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Give me a minute.
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Anyways, maybe you're thinking, but Shan, there's a reason penis and vagina sex is the sex it makes babies.
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Isn't that the whole point?
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Okay, yes, true.
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Making more life is the reason sex evolved in the first place
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and it stuck around for lots of species because it works.
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Combining two individuals' genes creates offspring with a unique combination of traits, making it more likely that a species will survive.
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But it's not like you'll die if you never had this kind of sex.
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Lots of sexually reproducing species, us included, have same-sex sex too, a behavior that may have evolved as a way of strengthening social bonds.
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And plenty of people have sex when they aren't physically able to have children or just don't want to.
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In fact, according to a 2007 study, people have hundreds of reasons for doing it that have nothing to do with making babies.
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Ranging from, it's fun, to, I wanted to get closer to God, to, I felt jealous.
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I wanted to see what all the fuss was about.
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And my personal favorite, it seemed like a good workout.
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Get that cardio.
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And people's reasons for having or not having sex can ebb and flow in their lifetime.
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Like some people choose not to have sex until they feel they're ready or they found the right partner.
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And some long-term couples find themselves having less sex as time goes on.
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The point is there is no one reason for having sex.
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And what we count as knockin' boots isn't It's not just biological, it's cultural, it's personal.
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So why does it matter what counts as sex and what doesn't?
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Well, because we act like it matters.
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The word virgin is often used to describe someone who's never had sex, historically the penis and vagina kind.
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Just the existence of this word puts that one act on a pedestal, implying it's THE sex.
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And then the word gets used to organize and judge people based on whether they've done it or not.
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Losing your virginity can be a badge of honor or something to be ashamed of or confused about.
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That can be especially complicated for people whose first time having penis and vagina sex wasn't consensual.
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Folks who don't want to have sex at all, or those who regularly engage in other sexy activities.
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Like, are gay people virgins for life if they never have PNV sex?
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I don't think so.
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And valuing one kind of sex over another can lead to more than internalized shame.
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Many studies have found that LGBTQ plus folks are likely to endure bullying and discrimination in their lifetimes,
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and can even be less likely to seek medical care in communities where sexual diversity is not widely accepted.
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But just because culture can saturate words like sex
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and virginity with positive or negative values doesn't mean those values are objectively true or set in stone.
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Like in a survey from 2014, many LGBTQ plus people share that their first time having sex, no matter how they define that,
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didn't feel like it was as meaningful as coming out.
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And in other studies, LGBTQ plus people have told researchers that they often think of losing their virginity as a process, not a one-time thing.
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They've had first times, plural, because different sexual experiences help clarify their identity.
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So when you say you have or hadn't had sex, what you mean isn't as straightforward as you think.
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You and I might have totally different definitions, and that's okay.
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There's no single way of doing it, no single why for doing it, and no single thing that doing it means.
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What's normal is variation.
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And ultimately, it's up to you to decide what sex means in your life.
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Next time, we'll explore the wide and wonderful world of the vulva.
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See you then.
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This episode of Crash Course Sex Ed was produced in partnership with the Kinsey Institute at Indiana University.
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If you are interested in learning more, visit their website for resources that explore the topics we discussed in the video today.
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Thank you for watching this episode, which was filmed at our studio in Indianapolis and was made with the help of all these nice people.
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If you want to help keep Crash Course free for everyone, or ever, you can join our community on Patreon.
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背景与上下文
在这个视频中，讲者Sham Voodram探讨了性行为的定义以及我们对性教育的理解。通过研究人们对性行为的看法和经验，Sham让我们意识到，性并不仅限于传统的生殖行为。相反，它包括多种形式的亲密接触，且不同的人会有不同的看法和感受。通过科学研究，尤其是Kinsey的工作，我们可以更深入地理解性行为的复杂性和多样性。这为我们下一步的学习提供了一个良好的基础。
日常交流的五个常用短语
- Have you had sex? - 你有没有过性行为？
- What counts as sex? - 什么算是性行为？
- Masturbation is common. - 手淫是很普遍的。
- Sexual attraction is a continuum. - 性吸引是一个连续体。
- Your sexuality is complex. - 你的性取向是复杂的。
这些短语在讨论性教育和个人经验时非常有用，帮助英语学习者更准确地表达自己的思想和理解他人的观点。利用这些短语，可以在与朋友或更广泛的社交群体中展开相关对话。
逐步跟读指导
为了更好地掌握视频中的内容，建议按照以下步骤进行跟读练习：
- 首先，观看视频，注意讲者的语调和发音，理解每个短语的实际含义。
- 再次播放视频时，暂停在每个重要短语前。试着模仿讲者的发音，提高英语发音和流利度。
- 然后，根据每个短语的上下文，练习造句。例如，尝试用“什么算是性行为？”来进行对话练习。
- 利用shadow speech技能，反复练习跟读这些短语，直到你能自然地说出来。
- 最后，与他人分享你的用法，无论是在线还是在日常交流中，使用你从视频中学到的表达。
通过这种shadowing技术，学习者不仅能提升自己的语言能力，还能加深对复杂主题的理解。再加上看YouTube学英语的乐趣，学习过程将更加轻松和高效。加入这个语言练习，可以帮助你在更广泛的领域内提高英语交流能力，尤其是在性教育等社会敏感话题上，做到更流畅和富有表现力。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。