跟读练习: You are your microbes - Jessica Green and Karen Guillemin - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Being human, we each view ourselves as a unique and independent individual, but we're never alone!
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26 句
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Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Being human, we each view ourselves as a unique and independent individual, but we're never alone!
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Millions of microscopic beings inhabit our bodies, and no two bodies are the same.
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Each is a different habitat for microbial communities: from the arid deserts of our skin, to the villages on our lips, and the cities in our mouths.
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Even every tooth is its own distinctive neighborhood, and our guts are teaming metropolises of interacting microbes.
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And in these bustling streets of our guts, we see a constant influx of food, and every microbe has a job to do.
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Here's a cellulolytic bacteria, for example.
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Their one job is to break down cellulose, a common compound in vegetables, into sugars.
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Those simple sugars then move along to the respirators, another set of microbes that snatch up these simple sugars and burn them as fuel.
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As food travels through our digestive tract, it reaches the fermentors who extract energy from these sugars by converting them into chemicals, like alcohol and hydrogen gas, which they spew out as waste products.
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Deeper in the depths of our gut city, the syntrophs eke out a living off the fermenters' trash.
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At each step of this process, energy is released, and that energy is absorbed by the cells of the digestive tract.
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This city we just saw is different in everyone.
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Every person has a unique and diverse community of gut microbes that can process food in different ways.
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One person's gut microbes may be capable of releasing only a fraction of the calories that another person's gut microbes can extract.
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So, what determines the membership of our gut microbial community?
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Well, things like our genetic makeup and the microbes we encounter throughout our lives can contribute to our microbial ecosystems.
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The food we eat also influences which microbes live in our gut.
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For example, food made of complex molecules, like an apple, requires a lot of different microbial workers to break it down.
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But, if a food is made of simple molecules, like a lollipop, some of these workers are put out of a job.
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Those workers leave the city, never to return.
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What doesn't function well are gut microbial communities with only a few different types of workers.
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For example, humans who suffer from diseases like diabetes or chronic gut inflamation typically have less microbial variety in their guts.
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We don't fully understand the best way to manage our individual microbial societies, but it is likely that lifestyle changes, such as eating a varied diet of complex, plant-based foods, can help revitalize our microbial ecosystems in our gut and across the entire landscape of our body.
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So, we are really not alone in our body.
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Our bodies are homes to millions of different microbes, and we need them just as much as they need us.
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As we learn more about how our microbes interact with each other and with our bodies, we will reveal how we can nurture this complex, invisible world that shapes our personal identity, our health, and our well-being.
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Shadowing English
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关于这节课
在本课中，学习者将通过聆听视频《你就是你的微生物》的内容来练习英语发音和口语表达。该视频探讨了微生物如何与我们的人体相互作用，推动了对健康和身份认同的理解。学习者将有机会通过模仿说话者的语调和语速，提升自己的英语发音，掌握更自然的交流方式。
关键词汇与短语
- 微生物 (microbes)
- 消化道 (digestive tract)
- 能量 (energy)
- 复杂分子 (complex molecules)
- 细胞 (cells)
- 生态系统 (ecosystem)
- 健康 (health)
- 多样性 (diversity)
练习技巧
在进行英语影子跟读时，建议学习者选择视频中的关键句子进行模仿。特别是在这个视频中，发音和语速相对清晰，适合进行英语影子跟读。注意以下几点：
- 先聆听每一句，确保理解其意思。
- 然后暂停并重复说出每一句话，尽可能模仿说话者的语调和情感。
- 注意语音的重音和连音，这有助于提高流利度和自然度。
- 利用
shadowspeak和shadowspeaks等练习方式，帮助巩固发音技巧。 - 可以将视频播放速度减慢，以便更好地学习复杂词汇和短语。
通过这样的练习，学习者将逐步提高自己的英语发音，最终实现更顺畅、自信的交流能力。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。