تدريب Shadowing: Hamlet Act 1 Scenes 1-5 Summary and Analysis: Piper's Paraphrases - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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1
Do you smell that?
هل تشم ذلك؟
2
I think something's rotten.
أظن أن هناك شيئًا مريبًا.
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In the state of Denmark!
في دولة الدنمارك!
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Welcome to Piper's Paraphrases.
مرحباً بكم في مدونة Piper's Paraphrases.
5
I'm Professor Pipes, and in case you couldn't tell, I'm here to talk about Shakespeare's classic tragedy, Hamlet.
أنا البروفيسور بايبس، ولو لم تتمكنوا من استنتاج ذلك، أنا هنا لأتحدث عن مأساة شكسبير الكلاسيكية، هاملت.
6
Specifically, Act 1.
على وجه التحديد، الفصل الأول.
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So get ready for a ghost story.
لذا استعدوا لقصة أشباح.
8
Let's start by talking about the players.
لنبدأ بالحديث عن اللاعبين.
9
First we have the titular
أولاً، لدينا العنوان الرئيسي
10
Hamlet, Prince of Denmark.
هاملت، أمير الدنمارك.
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He's the son of King Hamlet, who is now dead and a ghost.
إنه ابن الملك هاملت، الذي توفي الآن وأصبح شبحًا.
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Hamlet is extremely thoughtful.
هاملت مفكّر للغاية.
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Not so much in the buys you flowers just because kind of way,
ليس بالطريقة التي يشتري لك فيها الزهور لمجرد أن هذا أمر مفروغ منه.
14
and more so in the should I avenge my father's death and should I even exist kind of way.
وحتى أكثر من ذلك في سياق تساؤلات مثل هل يجب أن أثأر لوفاة والدي، وهل من حقي أن أكون موجودًا أصلاً.
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He took that think -before -you -act advice maybe a bit too seriously.
لقد أخذ نصيحة "فكر قبل أن تتصرف" بجدية مفرطة ربما.
16
Hamlet's mom is Gertrude, Queen of Denmark.
والدة هاملت هي جترود، ملكة الدنمارك.
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Though she seems nice and protective, to be honest, she's mostly just a plot point, existing to provide motive.
على الرغم من أنها تبدو لطيفة وحمائية، إلا أن الصراحة تقتضي القول إنها في الغالب مجرد نقطة حبكة، موجودة فقط لتوفير الدافع.
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Speaking of motive, Claudius is the Motivated.
بالحديث عن الدافع، كلوديوس هو الشخص المدفوع بدوافع قوية.
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He's Ghost Hamlet's brother and murderer, which makes him main character
هو أخ غوست هاملت وقاتله، وهذا يجعله الشخصية الرئيسية.
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Hamlet's uncle and stepdad.
عم هاملت وزوج أمه.
21
That's right, Claudius moved in on Gertrude quickly after her husband's death, so he's now
هذا صحيح، لقد تقرب كلوديوس من جترود بسرعة كبيرة بعد وفاة زوجها، لذا هو الآن
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King of Denmark.
ملك الدنمارك.
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Claudius' main advisor is Polonius.
المستشار الرئيسي لكلوديوس هو بولونيوس.
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He's basically one part pompous and one part conniving.
هو في الأساس مزيج من الغرور والمكر.
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He's the kind of old man to say things like, back in my day, without a shred of irony,
هو من النوع من الرجال المسنين الذين يقولون أشياء مثل "في زمني" دون أدنى لمسة من السخرية.
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and then give some unsolicited advice that he himself wouldn't follow.
ثم يقدم بعض النصائح غير المطلوبة التي لن يتبعها هو نفسه.
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Polonius' son is Laertes, who eventually serves as a bit of a foil to Hamlet, and his daughter is Ophelia,
ابن بولونيوس هو لايرتس، الذي يصبح في النهاية بمثابة شخصية مقابلة لهاملت، أما ابنته فهي أوفيليا،
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who happens to be Hamlet's sweet and innocent love interest.
التي تصادف أن تكون حبيبة هاملت اللطيفة والبريئة.
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Horatio is Hamlet's wise, kind, and loyal friend.
هوراشيو هو صديق هاملت الحكيم اللطيف المخلص.
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Kinda boring, but a good guy!
ممل نوعاً ما، لكنه شخص طيب!
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Hamlet also has a couple of old school friends named Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, but we'll learn about them later.
يمتلك هاملت أيضًا صديقين قديمين من أيام الدراسة اسمهما روزنكرانتز وغيلدنسترن، لكننا سنتعرف عليهما لاحقًا.
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Lastly, Fortinbras is the Prince of Norway, and like Hamlet, he also has a dead dad who shares his name.
أخيرًا، فورتينبراس هو أمير النرويج، وهو مثل هاملت، لديه أيضًا أب متوفٍ يحمل نفس اسمه.
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So we've got two Hamlets and two Fortinbras.
إذًا لدينا هامليتان وفورتينبراسان.
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What, did you run out of names, Shakespeare?
ماذا، نفدت منك الأسماء يا شكسبير؟
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Scene 1 begins at midnight with a changing of the guard.
يبدأ المشهد الأول في منتصف الليل مع تبديل الحراس.
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Horatio and some guards talk about a thing that has been seen twice already.
يتحدث هوراشيو وبعض الحراس عن شيء شوهد مرتين بالفعل.
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But Horatio is skeptical.
لكن هوراشيو متشكك.
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Just as one of the guards tries to convince him of what he saw, it arrives.
تمامًا كما يحاول أحد الحراس إقناعه بما رآه، يصل الشيء.
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The ghost of King Hamlet, dressed in armor.
شبح الملك هاملت مرتديًا درعًا حربيًا.
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The other guards encourage Horatio to talk to the ghost, but as soon as he asks, What are you?
يشجع الحراس الآخرون هوراشيو على التحدث مع الشبح، ولكن بمجرد أن يسأل: ما أنت؟
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The ghost disappears.
يختفي الشبح.
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Spooky.
مخيف.
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The guards start wondering what the apparition could mean, and also why the castle seems to be preparing for war.
يبدأ الحراس بالتساؤل عما قد تعنيه هذه الظاهرة، وكذلك عن سبب بدء القلعة في الاستعداد للحرب.
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Luckily, Horatio has answers for both he states that
لحسن الحظ، لدى هوراشيو إجابات عن كلا الأمرين، فهو يذكر أن
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King Hamlet was wearing that armor when he killed
كان الملك هاملت يرتدي تلك الدرع عندما قُتل.
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King Fortinbras, the King of Norway, thus obtaining his lands.
الملك فورتينبراس، ملك النرويج، يحصل بهذه الطريقة على أراضيه.
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Unfortunately, Fortinbras's son, the new Fortinbras,
لسوء الحظ، ابن فورتينبراس، فورتينبراس الجديد،
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has gathered his own army and plans to attack Denmark in order to avenge his father's death and win back the land.
لقد جمع جيشه الخاص ويخطط لمهاجمة الدنمارك بغرض الانتقام لمقتل والده واستعادة الأراضي.
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Horatio wonders if the ghost's appearance is a warning about upcoming war, much like all the omens before Julius Caesar's death.
يتساءل هوراشيو ما إذا كان ظهور الشبح بمثابة تحذير من حرب وشيكة، تماماً مثل جميع العلامات التي سبقت وفاة يوليوس قيصر.
50
Easter egg of another Shakespeare play.
بيضة عيد فصح من مسرحية أخرى لشكسبير.
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Just then, the ghost reappears, and Horatio asks why it has come.
في تلك اللحظة، يعود الشبح للظهور، ويسأله هوراشيو عن سبب مجيئه.
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Before it can answer, a rooster crows, and the ghost disappears again.
قبل أن يتمكن من الإجابة، يصيح الديك، ويختفي الشبح مرة أخرى.
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Clearly not a fan of chickens.
من الواضح أنه ليس من محبي الدجاج.
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The scene ends at dawn, as Horatio plans to tell the alive
ينتهي المشهد عند الفجر، بينما يخطط هوراشيو لإخبار الأحياء
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Hamlet what they saw.
هاملت ما رأوه.
56
In scene two, we're introduced to most of the cast, as Claudius, Gertrude, Hamlet, Polonius, Ophelia, and Laertes enter.
في المشهد الثاني، نتعرف على معظم الشخصيات، حيث يدخل كلوديوس، وجرترود، وهاملت، وبولونيوس، وأوفيليا، وليرتس.
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Claudius is explaining why he and Gertrude got married so quickly after
كلوديوس يشرح سبب زواجه من جترود بسرعة كبيرة بعد ذلك.
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King Hamlet's death.
وفاة الملك هاملت.
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The country needed to seem strong, not sad, since Fortinbras is planning to attack. So romantic.
كانت البلاد بحاجة إلى أن تبدو قوية، لا حزينة، بما أن فورتينبراس يخطط للهجوم. يا له من شيء رومانسي.
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He then sends a couple of ambassadors to Norway with a note to Fortinbras' uncle, encouraging him to stop his nephew.
ثم يرسل زوجين من السفراء إلى النرويج يحملون رسالة إلى عم فورتينبراس، يحثونه فيها على كبح جماح ابنه أخيه.
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Laertes asks Claudius for permission to return to France, and he consents.
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Claudius then points out that
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Hamlet's appearance seems sad and cloudy.
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To which Hamlet replies that he's actually too much in the sun.
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Get it?
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Because he's now
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Hamlet's and Claudius' son?
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Anyway, Claudius and Gertrude tell
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Hamlet that he should stop looking so sad.
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After all, all that lives must die.
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Claudius even tells
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Hamlet that his grief makes him seem weak and stupid.
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Hmm, that's a weird way to say I'm sorry for your loss.
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Gertrude asks Hamlet not to return to school and he agrees, so everybody heads off except Hamlet.
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And in case you were wondering just how sad
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Hamlet is, he gives a speech saying that his father's death
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and his mother's remarriage have made him wish he could kill himself.
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But it goes against his religion.
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Horatio and crew then arrive, and Hamlet mentions he'll never see a man as good as his father again.
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Which is a perfect segue for Horatio to tell him that maybe he will, since Horatio saw his ghost last night.
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Hamlet vows to meet Horatio tonight so he can speak with the ghost.
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Scene 3 gives us some sibling time with Laertes and Ophelia, saying goodbye before Laertes heads back to Paris.
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Laertes offers his sister some advice about Hamlet, saying that the prince is immature, and his affection for her won't last long.
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Good advice, but still, rude.
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Laertes reminds her that, as a prince, Hamlet will have to marry someone who will be good for the kingdom.
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Therefore, she'd better be afraid, be very afraid, and reject his advances to protect her honor.
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Polonius comes in and gives Laertes a bunch of advice about how precisely and carefully he should behave in every possible situation.
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What to do, what not to do, how he should spend his time and money,
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before concluding with a reminder to just be himself as long as himself is exactly who his father wants him to be.
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When Laertes leaves, Polonius gives his daughter a long lecture about how stupid she is for believing
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Hamlet's words of love.
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Aw, father of the year.
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Like lots of parents, Polonius warns Ophelia that
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Hamlet only wants one thing, so she'd better stay away from him.
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And like the good daughter that she is, Ophelia agrees, but likely doesn't want to.
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For scene four, we fast forward to just after midnight, night, and Hamlet has joined Horatio and the guard Marcellus in hopes of seeing the ghost.
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When some trumpets sound, Hamlet comments that
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King Claudius must be drinking again and is clearly annoyed by such partying.
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Whoops.
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Since it gives the country a bad reputation as a bunch of drunks.
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Just then, the ghost arrives.
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Hamlet immediately recognizes it as his father and asks why it has come.
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Instead of answering, the ghost beckons him to follow.
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And despite his friend's warnings and literal attempts to hold him back, Hamlet follows.
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Marcellus and Horatio decide to go after him.
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Yeah, let's all follow a ghost into the dark in the middle of the night.
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What could go wrong?
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In scene 5, once they're alone, the ghost tells
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Hamlet to AVENGE MEEEEEE!
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And Hamlet agrees before he even hears the story.
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Here it is anyways.
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The whole country has heard that a snake bit old
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King Hamlet, and that's what killed him.
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Revenge on a snake?
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Oh, actually the snake is Claudius.
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He seduced Gertrude, and when King Hamlet was sleeping in an orchard, as one does, Claudius poured poison in his ear,
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killing him and sending him to purgatory, where he now lives.
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Well, unlives?
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He again tells
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Hamlet to seek revenge, but also to leave his mom out of it.
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The ghost disappears, and Hamlet is big mad at both his mom and Claudius, and he vows to get revenge!
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Horatio and Marcellus catch up to Hamlet, who makes them swear a bunch of times that they won't say anything about what they saw tonight.
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And then he makes them swear some more, for good measure, because he keeps hearing the ghost of his father call out to swear.
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He eventually tells them that, no matter how strangely he acts in the future, since he might need to act a bit crazy,
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they must not give any sort of clue to anyone that they know what happened tonight.
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And let's be real here, they really don't.
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As Hamlet curses the fact that he now has to fix everything, Act 1 ends.
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Many of the themes and motifs revolve around the idea of appearance versus reality.
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In fact, the idea of questioning our own reality comes up in the very first scene, when Horatio says of the ghost,
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I might not this believe without the sensible and true avouch of mine own eyes.
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This suggests that seeing is believing, but we all know that this isn't always the case.
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After all, both Laertes and Polonius warn Ophelia that she can't believe everything she sees and hears from Hamlet, since his affections are forward,
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not permanent, sweet, not lasting.
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And even though Ophelia says that
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Hamlet has always been honorable, Polonius says, do not believe his vows, since he might act all honorable and perfect,
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the better to beguile, and trick her into sleeping with him.
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Which is interesting, since Polonius' advice to Laertes is pretty much to do exactly what he faults
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Hamlet for doing.
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He tells Laertes to give every man thy ear, but few thy voice, meaning that he should listen to other people,
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but not reveal his own opinions, thus making his appearance untrustworthy.
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He even tells Laertes how to dress, since the apparel oft proclaims the man.
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Polonius knows that people tend to believe what they see, so he wants Laertes to use this to his advantage.
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Ironically, he finishes up this advice with the oft -quoted, to thine own self be true.
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Great advice, but from a rather untrue source.
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Along the lines of appearance versus reality, we've already started to see one of the main motifs of the play.
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Performance.
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Not like the performance of the play, but rather the ways in which people are performative, acting, in their normal lives.
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For instance, when talking about Hamlet's grief, Gertrude asks, why seems it so particular with thee?
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To which Hamlet replies, seems, madam, nay it is.
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He continues, saying that anyone can put on the appearance of grief, wear the clothing, act sad,
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since these indeed seem, for they are actions that a man might play.
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Hamlet, on the other hand, has that within which passeth show, these but the trappings and the suits of woe.
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Meaning that his outward appearance is a true reflection of his grief, not an act.
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Ironically, in scene 5, Hamlet talks about his own performance,
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saying that he might have to put an antic disposition on or act mad in order to avenge his father.
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And that in itself should make the audience question
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Hamlet in the future.
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If he won't reveal when he's acting mad, how are we to know whether it's appearance or reality?
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In fact, while some interpretations of the play suggest he is mentally sound and he wears madness like a costume,
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others suggest that his desire for revenge actually drives him to madness.
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In other words, we as the audience might not be able to trust his appearance.
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And to bring it full circle, how we view his mental state ultimately comes down to the actor's performance.
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Speaking of appearances, let's discuss the ghost.
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Obviously, we know that the Others can see it, so it is there.
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We also know that it looks like
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Old King Hamlet.
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But the characters question what exactly it is, even calling it a thing in Scene 1 rather than a ghost.
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They also question why it is there and where it comes from, with Hamlet wondering, Be thou a spirit of health or goblin damned?
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Bring with the heirs from heaven or blasts from hell?
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Be thy intents wicked or charitable?
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However, Hamlet immediately decides to believe everything it says.
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Perhaps because it says exactly what he wants to hear, that Gertrude's relationship is incestuous and wrong, and that Claudius is evil.
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But we should keep in mind that
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Hamlet's the only one the ghost tells this to, since it disappears when Horatio and Marcellus arrive,
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and he's also the only one to see or interact with the ghost in all of scene 5.
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In fact, when the ghost keeps saying, swear.
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Hamlet is the only one to reference this, and when Hamlet continues to speak to the absent ghost, Horatio points out, oh, day and night,
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but this is wondrous strange.
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Is he talking about hearing the ghost or Hamlet's strange behavior?
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Ultimately, it's up to the performers.
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And while they could choose to physically react to the ominous swear, they could also choose to ignore it,
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making the audience further wonder what we should believe.
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Another important theme is the complexity of morality.
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Throughout the play, Hamlet often questions what is right, struggling against the morals he's been taught.
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In fact, in his first appearance,
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Hamlet is so overwhelmed by the death of his father and the incestuous behavior of his mother that he is contemplating suicide.
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He wishes that he could just disappear or that the Everlasting had not fixed his canon against self -slaughter.
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In other words, Hamlet says that the only thing stopping him is his religious belief that suicide is a mortal sin.
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He continues to discuss religion when he talks to the ghost, and so does the ghost.
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He says that the most horrible part of his murder is
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that he was cut off even in the blossoms of my sin,
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no reckoning made, but sent to my account with all my imperfections on my head.
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In other words, he wasn't able to repent for his sins or receive last rites, which landed him in purgatory.
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Despite this, the ghost urges
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Hamlet to sin by killing Claudius.
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Do two wrongs make a right?
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Hamlet has to decide which is the lesser of two evils, murder or failing to honor his father and avenge his death.
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Clearly Fortinbras picked a side.
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He's basically in the same boat as Hamlet,
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and he immediately takes action to try to win back the lands his father lost when he was killed.
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And Claudius uses Fortinbras and morality to justify his behavior, saying that marrying Gertrude so quickly was the right thing to do,
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since Fortinpros is holding a weak supposal of our worth,
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or thinking by our late dear brother's death our state to be disjoint and out of frame.
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We can't have him thinking our country is weak, or missing a ruler, so he had to marry Gertrude.
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Sure.
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As Marcellus says, something is rotten in the state of Denmark, and apparently Hamlet was born to set it right.
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Good luck with that.
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Finally, I can't leave without pointing out the pretty messed up beliefs related to gender.
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Of course we have the classic line from Claudius that
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Hamlet's grief is unmanly.
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Apparently men shouldn't care that their dad died.
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Right.
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And then with women, their honor is clearly tied to, well, their sex lives.
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Hamlet and Ghost Hamlet both refer to Gertrude's relationship with Claudius as incestuous, and to be honest, Hamlet kinda seems more mad at his mom than,
215
you know, the killer, saying, oh most pernicious woman, oh villain, villain, smiling, damned villain.
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Meanwhile, Polonius and Laertes keep awkwardly talking about Ophelia's virginity.
217
Laertes warns her not to listen to Hamlet, or else lose your heart, or your chaste treasure open, to his unmastered importunity.
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Polonius takes it further, saying that her behavior with Hamlet will tender me a fool.
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In other words, Ophelia's behavior would dishonor not only herself, but also her family.
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Oh, how times have.
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Not really changed.
222
Before we finish
223
Act 1, it's time for me to leave you with some food for thought.
224
First, what is the significance of the ghost appearing in the very first scene?
225
How does its appearance set the tone for the rest of the play?
226
Second, both Hamlet and Claudius talk a lot about how Denmark is perceived by other countries.
227
In what ways does this add to the conflict in the play, and how does it relate to the idea of appearance versus reality?
228
Third, look back at Polonius' advice to his kids.
229
How does this advice reflect Polonius' character and his views on honor, duty, and family?
230
Fourth, what do you think is the purpose of Fortinbras?
231
Why might Shakespeare have established this political turmoil?
232
And or why does he give Fortinbras such a similar backstory to Hamlet's?
233
Finally, where do you currently stand in terms of Hamlet's mental state?
234
So far, what evidence suggests a mental break and what evidence opposes it?
235
Thanks for watching this episode of Piper's Paraphrases.
236
Now go forth, read a bunch, and be good people who don't kill their brothers.
237
If this video was helpful, don't forget to like and subscribe, and check out the other videos in this series.
238
If there are any books that you might like covered in future episodes, leave a comment.
239
To see all the books and stories I've covered so far, plus some useful literary knowledge and teacher tips,
240
you can visit my website or find me on social media.
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Links are right down there.
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Thanks again from me and Cooper.
تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
لعبة المفرداتتعلّم أثناء اللعب
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “Hamlet Act 1 Scenes 1-5 Summary and Analysis: Piper's Paraphrases”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: Hamlet, ghost, Claudius, Horatio, Laertes. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 242 جملة و2883 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 16:13. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 178 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 79% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| ghost اسم | /ɡoʊst/ | شَبَح, خَيَال |
| disappear فعل | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | اِخْتَفَى |
| grief اسم | /ɡɹiːf/ | غَمّ, حُزْن |
| arrive فعل | /əˈɹaɪv/ | وَصَلَ |
| revenge اسم | /ɹəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ | ثَأْر, اِنْتِقَام |
| marry فعل | /ˈmæɹi/ | تَزَوَّجَ |
| versus | /ˈvɝsəs/ | فِي مُقَابِل, ضِِدَّ |
| snake اسم | /sneɪk/ | ثُعْبَان, حَنَش |
| warn فعل | /woɹn/ | حَذَّرَ |
| villain اسم | /ˈvɪl.ən/ | شِرِّير |
| vow اسم | /vaʊ/ | نَذْر |
| belief اسم | /bɪˈliːf/ | اِعْتِقَاد |
| encourage فعل | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | شَجَّعَ |
| uncle اسم | /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/ | عَمّ, خَال |
| reveal فعل | /ɹɪˈviːl/ | كَشَفَ |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| point out فعل | أَشَارَ | |
| cut off فعل | /ˌkʌt ˈɔf/ [ˌkɐɾ ˈɔf] | قَطَعَ |
جمل تستحق التكرار
جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:
- Do you smell that?
- Let's start by talking about the players.
- Speaking of appearances, let's discuss the ghost.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | has been seen · has gathered · has come |
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | has been seen · been taught · was cut |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | murderer, which makes · someone who will · people who don |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 29 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل can't, don't, I'm. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “th”: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfəl/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: affection /əˈfɛk.ʃən/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, reflection /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/, treasure /ˈtɹɛʒəɹ/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: morality /məˈɹælɪti/, ironically /aɪˈɹɑnɪkli/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, ambassador /æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/, literary /ˈlɪt.(ə.)ɹə.ɹi/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: disappear /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, precisely /pɹɪˈsaɪs.li/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, revenge /ɹəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/, villain /ˈvɪl.ən/, vow /vaʊ/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: ghost /ɡoʊst/, grief /ɡɹiːf/, revenge /ɹəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/, snake /sneɪk/, warn /woɹn/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل ghost, disappear, grief.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.