Shadowing Practice: The Official Cambridge Guide to IELTS unit 8 contrasting ideas - Learn English Speaking with Video

Elige un modo de práctica

Cada modo abre una sala de práctica a pantalla completa.

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Recording 31 1.
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OK, let's move on to the late 19th century, when a great deal of changes were taking place.
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2. Now, first of all, I wanted to give you some background information.
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3. So, let's have a look at some possible reasons for this.
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4. And finally, I'd like to talk about some future projects.
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5. So, what conclusions did we reach?
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6. I'll begin by explaining what this machine can do.
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Recording 32 In my talk today, I'm going to be looking at plants that have had an impact on our world and our history.
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Let's start with the potato.
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It was originally one of the staple foods of Central and South America,
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and when Spanish explorers travelled to the Americas sometime in the 16th century, the potato found its way into Europe.
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This had several important consequences.
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In particular, it almost totally altered people's diet in many European countries.
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The potato is also believed to have been responsible for the start of a new trend, that of migrating to America.
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So you could say that the humble potato actually allowed many people to change their lives.
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However, there were also problems associated with this crop,
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largely in Ireland, where the poor were very much reliant on the success of the crops.
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Sadly, a disease in the crop spread rapidly across the country and led to widespread potato crop failures in the mid-1800s.
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This meant that millions suffered from starvation as a result.
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Let's move on to look at another plant from the same part of the world, the tobacco plant.
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This originated in the Americas and had an enormous influence on the way North America had developed in the 1800s.
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It's famed for being the original cash crop there
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and for funding a great deal of the development that occurred during this time.
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On the downside, the success of this crop resulted in a greater demand for slaves to work the crops.
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And this eventually led to war breaking out between the northern states and those in the south.
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Now, the next plant I'd like to mention is one known and used all around the world, tea.
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It originated in China, and in terms of its historical significance, it played a large part in the U.S independence from Great Britain.
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This came about because the British government declared that the colonies had to pay a tax on the produce brought into America.
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It was because of the protest against these taxes that the American Revolution came about.
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The final plant I'll look at today is the White Mulberry.
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Again, it originated in China and had an enormous influence on development in this part of the world,
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in particular in establishing trade between the East and the West.
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Sadly, the increase in trade brought with it the spread of disease and weapons.
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Recording 33 In today's lecture, I'm going to talk about the part that plants have played in our history,
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something most of us probably never give any thought to.
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Flowers began changing the way the world looked almost as soon as they appeared on Earth, about 130 million years ago.
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That's relatively recent in geologic time.
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If all Earth's history were compressed into an hour, flowering plants would exist for only the last 90 seconds.
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Without those flowering plants, it's likely we wouldn't be here.
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They are fundamental to our existence, forming a vital part of our food supplies.
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If we look further on in time, to the year 2737 BC,
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we arrive at the discovery of tea by a Chinese emperor when a leaf fell into a cup of hot water.
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This discovery eventually played a very important part in the history of China, the USA, and the UK.
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For Britain, when demand for tea was high,
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there were financial implications when a Chinese emperor declared that it could only be bought with silver,
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which they were then forced to find overseas.
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A second influential plant emerged around 202 B.C in the form of the white mulberry.
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It became extremely sought after, and it remained so until 220 A.D.,
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because white mulberries provide food for the worm that creates silk.
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This luxurious material was responsible for establishing extremely valuable trade routes.
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And it was along these same routes that different religions made their way around the world.
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But unfortunately, they also caused the spread of previously unknown diseases, as well as weapons of war such as gunpowder.
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Finally, moving into more recent history, we come to the 16th century and the potato.
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It originated in Central America, but it was the Spanish who introduced it to the European diet.
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There, it quickly became popular, because not only did it cost little to grow,
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but it was also a food source that was rich in vitamins.
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So much so, that its arrival has been credited with ridding Britain of a disease known as scurvy.
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However, it is perhaps more famous now for the potato famines of the mid-1800s in Ireland.
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The Irish people were so dependent on the crop
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that its widespread failure over this period caused the deaths of over a million people, and the emigration of a further million to mainland Britain,
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Canada, and the U.S.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Este vídeo tiene 61 frases y 865 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 7:12. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 120 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 85 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
crop sustantivo/kɹɑp/cultivo
potato sustantivo/pəˈteɪ.təʊ/patata, papa
flower sustantivo/ˈfloʊɚ/flor
establish verbo/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/establecer, establir
discovery sustantivo/dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/descubrimiento, hallazgo
emperor sustantivo/ˈɛmp(ə)ɹə/emperador
enormous adjetivo/ɪˈnɔː.məs/enorme, ingente
widespread adjetivo/ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/amplio, común
sadly adverbio/ˈsædli/tristemente, con alma en pena
declare verbo/dɪˈklɛɚ/explicar, aclarar
occur verbo/əˈkɜː/ocurrir
protest sustantivo/ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/protesta, estriladera
suffer verbo/ˈsʌfɚ/sufrir, penar
arrival sustantivo/əˈɹaɪ.vl̩/llegada, venida
conclusion sustantivo/kənˈkluːʒən/conclusión, neta

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

PalabraSignificado
break out verboescapar forzadamente, fugarse

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 7 contracciones y formas reducidas, como I'd, I'll, I'm. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, influential /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/, implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/, influential /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/, implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como crop, potato, flower.

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

EstructuraEn el vídeo
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo haceis also believed · were compressed · be bought
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahorahave had · have played · has been credited

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →