Shadowing Practice: Bài 6 - Cà Chua Tím - Learn English Speaking with Video
Creando lección...
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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With me today is Finn.
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Hello, Finn.
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Hello, Rob.
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Now, Finn, I'd like to start by asking you a question.
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Would you eat a purple-coloured tomato?
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Purple.
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Well, that depends.
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Is it a naturally-coloured tomato?
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Where does it come from?
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Is this an artificial tomato?
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Rob, tell me more.
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Artificial, yes.
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You mean, is it man-made and trying to copy something that is natural?
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Well, in a way, yes, because scientists have developed a genetically modified purple tomato.
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They took red tomato plants and changed their genetic patterns, so they now produce new purple tomatoes.
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Yes, so this would be an example of GM, genetically modified food.
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It's something we'll be discussing more soon and, of course, looking at some related vocabulary.
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But here's another question for you, Finn, that hasn't been modified or changed in any way.
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Not a GM question.
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No. GM food has been researched and experimented with for many years,
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but do you know when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially? Was it in A.
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1974, B.
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1984 or C.
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1994?
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Well, we think of GM food as a recent thing, so I'll say the opposite.
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A 1974.
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Okay we'll find out if you're right later on.
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Now let's talk more about genetically modified food or GM food.
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It's called this because the food's genes have been changed.
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This means the way it grows is different from the way it grows when it isn't touched by humans.
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Yes so growing GM food or crops is quite controversial.
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Some Some scientists think it's needed to meet the world's growing demand for food.
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Yes, GM food can resist or stop the effects of some pests or bad weather.
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It can grow more quickly, meaning even more crops can be cultivated or grown.
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But opponents of GM food, people who argue against it, say we don't know enough about its effect on the environment.
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And then there are the fears about who controls what's grown.
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Yes, but despite this, GM food has become an important part of food production.
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Crops like sweet corn, rape plants, wheat and tomatoes have all been genetically modified.
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Yes, like the purple tomato, which was recently developed in the UK.
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It has a dark pigment or colour which gives it the same potential health benefits as blueberries.
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Well, that sounds like a good thing.
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And not only that, it has an antioxidant.
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That's a substance that stops the decaying process, which tests show could help fight cancer.
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One day we could see these purple tomatoes on pizzas or in our tomato ketchup.
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Let's hear from Professor Cathy Martin, who's a plant biologist from the John Innis Centre, who developed this tomato.
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What does she say is good about this new food?
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So with these purple tomatoes you can get the same compounds
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that are present in blueberries and cranberries that give them their health benefits,
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but you can apply them to foods that people actually eat in significant amounts and that are reasonably affordable.
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So, she says, the good thing about this development is we can get health benefits from something we eat significant amounts of,
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so lots of, and they will be reasonably affordable, so it'll be cheap.
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Yes, but there's still maybe a problem with the colour.
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We are affected by the colour of stuff we put in our mouths.
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I mean, who eats blue food?
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That's true.
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And also, because the European Union has restrictions on growing GM food, this tomato has to be grown in Canada,
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where rules are more supportive of GM foods.
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OK.
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Well, Professor Nick Pidgeon, who is an environmental psychologist, says In the UK, there is some distrust of GM food.
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He says some people are concerned all this is messing with nature, it's not natural, and maybe we don't know what the long-term consequences are.
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And a big concern is that large corporations will have control over the technology,
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and this could mean they control food prices too.
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You know, Rob, I think this is a debate that will just go on and on and on.
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Indeed.
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But it's now time to reveal the answer to today's question.
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OK.
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Earlier, I asked you if you knew when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially.
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I said A 1974.
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Interesting.
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The answer is actually 1994.
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Oh, come on.
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OK.
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A company called Calgene sold a product that delayed the ripening of tomatoes.
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Oh, OK.
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Well, I guess that means the fruit could last longer and it would stop it going soft.
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That was the idea.
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Now, before we go, Finn, could you remind us of some of the vocabulary that we've heard today?
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Yes, I will.
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Artificial.
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Genetically modified.
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Genes.
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Resist.
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Pests.
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Cultivated.
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Pigment.
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Antioxidant.
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Significant.
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Affordable.
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Distrust.
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Ripening.
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Well, that brings us to the end of today's Six Minute English.
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We hope you've enjoyed today's programme.
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Please join us again soon.
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Bye-bye.
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Bye.
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That was Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 98 frases y 844 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 6:05. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 139 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 79 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| tomato sustantivo | /təˈmeɪ.toʊ/ | tomate, jitomate |
| modify verbo | /ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/ | modificar |
| purple sustantivo | /ˈpɝ.pl̩/ | morado, púrpura |
| genetically adverbio | /d͡ʒəˈneɾɪkli/ | genéticamente |
| artificial adjetivo | /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/ | artificial |
| affordable adjetivo | /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/ | asequible |
| crop sustantivo | /kɹɑp/ | cultivo |
| gene sustantivo | /d͡ʒiːn/ | gen, gene |
| scientist sustantivo | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | científico, científica |
| resist verbo | /ɹɪˈzɪst/ | resistir |
| reasonably adverbio | /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/ | razonablemente |
| vocabulary sustantivo | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | vocabulario |
| commercially adverbio | comercialmente | |
| pest sustantivo | /pɛst/ | peste, pestilencia |
| naturally adverbio | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | naturalmente, a natura |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | averiguar, anoticiarse |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | been modified · has been researched · have been changed |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | have developed · hasn't been modified · has been researched |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | people who argue · tomato, which was |
| Futuro con “will” will + verbo — una decisión, una promesa o una predicción | we'll be · I'll say · we'll find |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 13 contracciones y formas reducidas, como don't, we'll, hasn't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: genetically /d͡ʒəˈneɾɪkli/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como tomato, modify, purple.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.