Pratique du Shadowing: Bài 6 - Cà Chua Tím - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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With me today is Finn.
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Hello, Finn.
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Hello, Rob.
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Now, Finn, I'd like to start by asking you a question.
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Would you eat a purple-coloured tomato?
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Purple.
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Well, that depends.
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Is it a naturally-coloured tomato?
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Where does it come from?
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Is this an artificial tomato?
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Rob, tell me more.
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Artificial, yes.
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You mean, is it man-made and trying to copy something that is natural?
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Well, in a way, yes, because scientists have developed a genetically modified purple tomato.
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They took red tomato plants and changed their genetic patterns, so they now produce new purple tomatoes.
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Yes, so this would be an example of GM, genetically modified food.
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It's something we'll be discussing more soon and, of course, looking at some related vocabulary.
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But here's another question for you, Finn, that hasn't been modified or changed in any way.
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Not a GM question.
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No. GM food has been researched and experimented with for many years,
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but do you know when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially? Was it in A.
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1974, B.
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1984 or C.
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1994?
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Well, we think of GM food as a recent thing, so I'll say the opposite.
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A 1974.
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Okay we'll find out if you're right later on.
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Now let's talk more about genetically modified food or GM food.
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It's called this because the food's genes have been changed.
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This means the way it grows is different from the way it grows when it isn't touched by humans.
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Yes so growing GM food or crops is quite controversial.
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Some Some scientists think it's needed to meet the world's growing demand for food.
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Yes, GM food can resist or stop the effects of some pests or bad weather.
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It can grow more quickly, meaning even more crops can be cultivated or grown.
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But opponents of GM food, people who argue against it, say we don't know enough about its effect on the environment.
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And then there are the fears about who controls what's grown.
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Yes, but despite this, GM food has become an important part of food production.
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Crops like sweet corn, rape plants, wheat and tomatoes have all been genetically modified.
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Yes, like the purple tomato, which was recently developed in the UK.
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It has a dark pigment or colour which gives it the same potential health benefits as blueberries.
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Well, that sounds like a good thing.
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And not only that, it has an antioxidant.
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That's a substance that stops the decaying process, which tests show could help fight cancer.
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One day we could see these purple tomatoes on pizzas or in our tomato ketchup.
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Let's hear from Professor Cathy Martin, who's a plant biologist from the John Innis Centre, who developed this tomato.
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What does she say is good about this new food?
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So with these purple tomatoes you can get the same compounds
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that are present in blueberries and cranberries that give them their health benefits,
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but you can apply them to foods that people actually eat in significant amounts and that are reasonably affordable.
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So, she says, the good thing about this development is we can get health benefits from something we eat significant amounts of,
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so lots of, and they will be reasonably affordable, so it'll be cheap.
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Yes, but there's still maybe a problem with the colour.
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We are affected by the colour of stuff we put in our mouths.
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I mean, who eats blue food?
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That's true.
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And also, because the European Union has restrictions on growing GM food, this tomato has to be grown in Canada,
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where rules are more supportive of GM foods.
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OK.
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Well, Professor Nick Pidgeon, who is an environmental psychologist, says In the UK, there is some distrust of GM food.
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He says some people are concerned all this is messing with nature, it's not natural, and maybe we don't know what the long-term consequences are.
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And a big concern is that large corporations will have control over the technology,
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and this could mean they control food prices too.
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You know, Rob, I think this is a debate that will just go on and on and on.
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Indeed.
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But it's now time to reveal the answer to today's question.
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OK.
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Earlier, I asked you if you knew when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially.
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I said A 1974.
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Interesting.
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The answer is actually 1994.
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Oh, come on.
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OK.
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A company called Calgene sold a product that delayed the ripening of tomatoes.
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Oh, OK.
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Well, I guess that means the fruit could last longer and it would stop it going soft.
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That was the idea.
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Now, before we go, Finn, could you remind us of some of the vocabulary that we've heard today?
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Yes, I will.
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Artificial.
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Genetically modified.
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Genes.
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Resist.
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Pests.
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Cultivated.
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Pigment.
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Antioxidant.
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Significant.
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Affordable.
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Distrust.
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Ripening.
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Well, that brings us to the end of today's Six Minute English.
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We hope you've enjoyed today's programme.
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Please join us again soon.
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Bye-bye.
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Bye.
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That was Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 98 phrases et 844 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:05. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 139 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 79 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| tomato nom | /təˈmeɪ.toʊ/ | tomate |
| modify verbe | /ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/ | modifier |
| purple nom | /ˈpɝ.pl̩/ | violet, pourpre |
| genetically adverbe | /d͡ʒəˈneɾɪkli/ | génétiquement |
| artificial adjectif | /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/ | artificiel |
| affordable adjectif | /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/ | abordable, à un prix abordable |
| crop nom | /kɹɑp/ | récolte |
| gene nom | /d͡ʒiːn/ | gène |
| scientist nom | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | scientifique, savant |
| resist verbe | /ɹɪˈzɪst/ | résister |
| reasonably adverbe | /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/ | raisonnablement |
| vocabulary nom | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | vocabulaire, lexique |
| commercially adverbe | commercialement | |
| pest nom | /pɛst/ | peste, nuisible |
| naturally adverbe | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | naturellement |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| find out verbe | découvrir, savoir |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | been modified · has been researched · have been changed |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have developed · hasn't been modified · has been researched |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | people who argue · tomato, which was |
| Futur avec « will » will + verbe — une décision, une promesse ou une prédiction | we'll be · I'll say · we'll find |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 13 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, we'll, hasn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: genetically /d͡ʒəˈneɾɪkli/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme tomato, modify, purple.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.