Shadowing Practice: Bài 6 - Cà Chua Tím - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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With me today is Finn.
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Hello, Finn.
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Hello, Rob.
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Now, Finn, I'd like to start by asking you a question.
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Would you eat a purple-coloured tomato?
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Purple.
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Well, that depends.
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Is it a naturally-coloured tomato?
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Where does it come from?
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Is this an artificial tomato?
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Rob, tell me more.
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Artificial, yes.
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You mean, is it man-made and trying to copy something that is natural?
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Well, in a way, yes, because scientists have developed a genetically modified purple tomato.
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They took red tomato plants and changed their genetic patterns, so they now produce new purple tomatoes.
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Yes, so this would be an example of GM, genetically modified food.
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It's something we'll be discussing more soon and, of course, looking at some related vocabulary.
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But here's another question for you, Finn, that hasn't been modified or changed in any way.
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Not a GM question.
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No. GM food has been researched and experimented with for many years,
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but do you know when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially? Was it in A.
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1974, B.
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1984 or C.
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1994?
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Well, we think of GM food as a recent thing, so I'll say the opposite.
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A 1974.
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Okay we'll find out if you're right later on.
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Now let's talk more about genetically modified food or GM food.
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It's called this because the food's genes have been changed.
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This means the way it grows is different from the way it grows when it isn't touched by humans.
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Yes so growing GM food or crops is quite controversial.
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Some Some scientists think it's needed to meet the world's growing demand for food.
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Yes, GM food can resist or stop the effects of some pests or bad weather.
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It can grow more quickly, meaning even more crops can be cultivated or grown.
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But opponents of GM food, people who argue against it, say we don't know enough about its effect on the environment.
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And then there are the fears about who controls what's grown.
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Yes, but despite this, GM food has become an important part of food production.
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Crops like sweet corn, rape plants, wheat and tomatoes have all been genetically modified.
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Yes, like the purple tomato, which was recently developed in the UK.
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It has a dark pigment or colour which gives it the same potential health benefits as blueberries.
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Well, that sounds like a good thing.
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And not only that, it has an antioxidant.
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That's a substance that stops the decaying process, which tests show could help fight cancer.
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One day we could see these purple tomatoes on pizzas or in our tomato ketchup.
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Let's hear from Professor Cathy Martin, who's a plant biologist from the John Innis Centre, who developed this tomato.
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What does she say is good about this new food?
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So with these purple tomatoes you can get the same compounds
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that are present in blueberries and cranberries that give them their health benefits,
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but you can apply them to foods that people actually eat in significant amounts and that are reasonably affordable.
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So, she says, the good thing about this development is we can get health benefits from something we eat significant amounts of,
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so lots of, and they will be reasonably affordable, so it'll be cheap.
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Yes, but there's still maybe a problem with the colour.
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We are affected by the colour of stuff we put in our mouths.
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I mean, who eats blue food?
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That's true.
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And also, because the European Union has restrictions on growing GM food, this tomato has to be grown in Canada,
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where rules are more supportive of GM foods.
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OK.
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Well, Professor Nick Pidgeon, who is an environmental psychologist, says In the UK, there is some distrust of GM food.
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He says some people are concerned all this is messing with nature, it's not natural, and maybe we don't know what the long-term consequences are.
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And a big concern is that large corporations will have control over the technology,
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and this could mean they control food prices too.
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You know, Rob, I think this is a debate that will just go on and on and on.
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Indeed.
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But it's now time to reveal the answer to today's question.
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OK.
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Earlier, I asked you if you knew when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially.
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I said A 1974.
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Interesting.
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The answer is actually 1994.
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Oh, come on.
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OK.
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A company called Calgene sold a product that delayed the ripening of tomatoes.
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Oh, OK.
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Well, I guess that means the fruit could last longer and it would stop it going soft.
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That was the idea.
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Now, before we go, Finn, could you remind us of some of the vocabulary that we've heard today?
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Yes, I will.
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Artificial.
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Genetically modified.
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Genes.
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Resist.
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Pests.
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Cultivated.
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Pigment.
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Antioxidant.
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Significant.
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Affordable.
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Distrust.
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Ripening.
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Well, that brings us to the end of today's Six Minute English.
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We hope you've enjoyed today's programme.
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Please join us again soon.
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Bye-bye.
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Bye.
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That was Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 98 cümle ve 844 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 6:05 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 139 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin yalnızca %79’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| tomato isim | /təˈmeɪ.toʊ/ | domates, pamidor |
| modify fiil | /ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/ | modifiye etmek, değiştirmek |
| purple isim | /ˈpɝ.pl̩/ | mor, erguvani |
| artificial sıfat | /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/ | yapay, suni |
| gene isim | /d͡ʒiːn/ | gen |
| scientist isim | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | âlim, âlime |
| resist fiil | /ɹɪˈzɪst/ | direnmek |
| vocabulary isim | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | kelime hazinesi, kelime kadrosu |
| commercially zarf | ticari olarak | |
| pest isim | /pɛst/ | haşere |
| argue fiil | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | münakaşa etmek, tartışmak |
| pizza isim | /ˈpi.tsə/ | pizza |
| reveal fiil | /ɹɪˈviːl/ | açığa vurmak |
| delay isim | /dɪˈleɪ̯/ | gecikme, rötar |
| experiment isim | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | deney (n), tecrübe |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| find out fiil | anlamak, ortaya çıkarmak |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | been modified · has been researched · have been changed |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | have developed · hasn't been modified · has been researched |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | people who argue · tomato, which was |
| “will” ile gelecek will + fiil — bir karar, söz ya da tahmin | we'll be · I'll say · we'll find |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı don't, we'll, hasn't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 13 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: genetically /d͡ʒəˈneɾɪkli/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; tomato, modify, purple gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.