シャドーイング練習: Bài 6 - Cà Chua Tím - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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With me today is Finn.
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Hello, Finn.
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Hello, Rob.
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Now, Finn, I'd like to start by asking you a question.
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Would you eat a purple-coloured tomato?
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Purple.
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Well, that depends.
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Is it a naturally-coloured tomato?
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Where does it come from?
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Is this an artificial tomato?
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Rob, tell me more.
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Artificial, yes.
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You mean, is it man-made and trying to copy something that is natural?
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Well, in a way, yes, because scientists have developed a genetically modified purple tomato.
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They took red tomato plants and changed their genetic patterns, so they now produce new purple tomatoes.
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Yes, so this would be an example of GM, genetically modified food.
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It's something we'll be discussing more soon and, of course, looking at some related vocabulary.
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But here's another question for you, Finn, that hasn't been modified or changed in any way.
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Not a GM question.
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No. GM food has been researched and experimented with for many years,
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but do you know when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially? Was it in A.
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1974, B.
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1984 or C.
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1994?
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Well, we think of GM food as a recent thing, so I'll say the opposite.
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A 1974.
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Okay we'll find out if you're right later on.
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Now let's talk more about genetically modified food or GM food.
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It's called this because the food's genes have been changed.
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This means the way it grows is different from the way it grows when it isn't touched by humans.
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Yes so growing GM food or crops is quite controversial.
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Some Some scientists think it's needed to meet the world's growing demand for food.
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Yes, GM food can resist or stop the effects of some pests or bad weather.
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It can grow more quickly, meaning even more crops can be cultivated or grown.
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But opponents of GM food, people who argue against it, say we don't know enough about its effect on the environment.
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And then there are the fears about who controls what's grown.
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Yes, but despite this, GM food has become an important part of food production.
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Crops like sweet corn, rape plants, wheat and tomatoes have all been genetically modified.
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Yes, like the purple tomato, which was recently developed in the UK.
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It has a dark pigment or colour which gives it the same potential health benefits as blueberries.
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Well, that sounds like a good thing.
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And not only that, it has an antioxidant.
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That's a substance that stops the decaying process, which tests show could help fight cancer.
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One day we could see these purple tomatoes on pizzas or in our tomato ketchup.
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Let's hear from Professor Cathy Martin, who's a plant biologist from the John Innis Centre, who developed this tomato.
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What does she say is good about this new food?
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So with these purple tomatoes you can get the same compounds
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that are present in blueberries and cranberries that give them their health benefits,
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but you can apply them to foods that people actually eat in significant amounts and that are reasonably affordable.
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So, she says, the good thing about this development is we can get health benefits from something we eat significant amounts of,
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so lots of, and they will be reasonably affordable, so it'll be cheap.
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Yes, but there's still maybe a problem with the colour.
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We are affected by the colour of stuff we put in our mouths.
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I mean, who eats blue food?
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That's true.
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And also, because the European Union has restrictions on growing GM food, this tomato has to be grown in Canada,
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where rules are more supportive of GM foods.
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OK.
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Well, Professor Nick Pidgeon, who is an environmental psychologist, says In the UK, there is some distrust of GM food.
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He says some people are concerned all this is messing with nature, it's not natural, and maybe we don't know what the long-term consequences are.
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And a big concern is that large corporations will have control over the technology,
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and this could mean they control food prices too.
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You know, Rob, I think this is a debate that will just go on and on and on.
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Indeed.
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But it's now time to reveal the answer to today's question.
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OK.
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Earlier, I asked you if you knew when the first genetically modified food was first sold commercially.
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I said A 1974.
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Interesting.
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The answer is actually 1994.
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Oh, come on.
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OK.
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A company called Calgene sold a product that delayed the ripening of tomatoes.
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Oh, OK.
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Well, I guess that means the fruit could last longer and it would stop it going soft.
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That was the idea.
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Now, before we go, Finn, could you remind us of some of the vocabulary that we've heard today?
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Yes, I will.
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Artificial.
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Genetically modified.
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Genes.
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Resist.
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Pests.
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Cultivated.
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Pigment.
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Antioxidant.
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Significant.
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Affordable.
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Distrust.
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Ripening.
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Well, that brings us to the end of today's Six Minute English.
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We hope you've enjoyed today's programme.
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Please join us again soon.
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Bye-bye.
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Bye.
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That was Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

コンテキストと背景

このビデオはBBC Learning Englishの「6 Minute English」シリーズで、ロブとフィンが遺伝子組み換え食品について議論しています。紫色のトマトを題材に、遺伝子組み換えの歴史、利点、論争点などを話しながら、関連する語彙も学べる内容です。YouTubeで英語学習をする際には、日常的な会話形式のコンテンツが発音やリズムを学ぶのに最適です。

日常会話に使えるトップ5フレーズ

  • genetically modified:遺伝子組み換えの。例:「Genetically modified crops are controversial.」(遺伝子組み換え作物は物議を醸している)
  • resist the effects of:~の影響に抵抗する。例:「This plant resists the effects of pests.」(この植物は害虫の影響に抵抗する)
  • opponents of:~の反対者。例:「Opponents of GM food worry about the environment.」(遺伝子組み換え食品の反対者は環境を心配している)
  • potential health benefits:潜在的な健康上の利点。例:「Purple tomatoes have potential health benefits.」(紫色のトマトには潜在的な健康上の利点がある)
  • antioxidant:抗酸化物質。例:「Antioxidants help fight cancer.」(抗酸化物質は癌との闘いに役立つ)

シャドーイングのステップバイステップガイド

このビデオの難易度は中程度で、話者の発音がはっきりしているため、shadowspeaksやshadowing siteを利用して練習するのに適しています。まず、1分ずつのセクションに分け、最初は日本語の訳を見ながら内容を理解します。次に、ネイティブスピーカーの発音に合わせて声を出し、リズムとイントネーションを真似ます。IELTSスピーキング対策にも効果的なのは、「議論する」という形式が実際の試験に近いからです。特に、「Is it a naturally-coloured tomato?」のような疑問文の発音は、上昇調を意識して練習しましょう。最後に、シャドーイングを繰り返した後、自分で同じ内容を話してみることで、表現力が向上します。

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるbeen modified · has been researched · have been changed
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているhave developed · hasn't been modified · has been researched
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加えるpeople who argue · tomato, which was
「will」の未来表現 will + 動詞 — その場の決定、約束、予測we'll be · I'll say · we'll find

シャドーイングとは?英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング(Shadowing)は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的:ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影(shadow)」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →