シャドーイング練習: Food and Cooking Vocabulary - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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in this video we're going to talk about cooking
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and food first we're going to talk about the ways of
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cooking food depending on the food we cook them one way
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or another for example
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if you're going to put some chicken in the oven you roast it you can have roast chicken roast potatoes
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or or roast beef for example.
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If you put food in hot water in a saucepan, you boil it.
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You boil pasta or rice, and you can also boil vegetables.
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If you put food in a frying pan with a bit of oil, you fry food.
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You can fry vegetables, you can fry sausages or you can fry bacon for example.
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The full English breakfast includes a lot of fried food like fried bread,
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fried tomatoes, mushrooms, sausages, bacon and fried egg.
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If you put a cake in the oven, you bake it.
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You don't roast a cake.
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Baking is usually used for foods like bread,
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cakes and pastries, but not for foods like chicken.
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If you have a barbecue and you put meat on the barbecue, you barbecue it.
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Barbecue is also a verb.
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And lastly, if you put food on a grill, like meat, you grill it.
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But before you cook your food, you need to prepare it.
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You have to remove the skin of some foods, like potatoes so you peel the potatoes
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if you want to cut some food up you can chop it into small pieces
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or chunks or you can slice it into thin slices for For example,
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if we're going to have a sandwich, we would slice the cheese into slices,
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but if we are going to make a cheese board with different types of cheese and bread and grapes,
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we would chop it up into chunks.
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If we are having a pizza, we would grate the cheese so that it is in small thin strips.
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If you want to add a bit of flavour, you can add salt and pepper and other spices.
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And that's called seasoning, so people like to season their food before they cook it.
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If you want to add any extra ingredients, you can add it to recipe and...
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If you need to move it around in a bowl then you stir it.
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Now let's talk about flavours.
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Some people don't like Indian or Mexican food because they say it's too spicy.
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That means that it's got a strong hot flavour.
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I like spicy food because if it doesn't have a lot of flavour, it's too bland for me.
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Bland means that it doesn't have any flavour.
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For example, rice is bland if you don't season it.
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Lemons are sour.
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So some people don't like lemonade because they say it is too sour.
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The opposite of sour is sweet.
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Strawberries and bananas are sweet foods.
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But then there's another word that some people don't understand, which is bitter.
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Bitter isn't the same as sour.
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Bitter means that it has a sharp, unpleasant taste.
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For example, dark chocolate, coffee and mustard are bitter.
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Beer, grapefruit and tonic water are also bitter.
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So it's different to sour.
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Citrus fruits are sour like lemons,
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limes, oranges, grapefruits and we also have pineapples, green apples and vinegar.
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So it's a different flavour.
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if you have added too much salt to the recipe it will be salty salty means
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that it has a lot of salt for example a lot
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of crisps are salty salty doesn't mean the same as savory people always ask what do you prefer sweet or savory food
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we don't say do you prefer sweet
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or salty food we say savory savory basically means
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that it it has a lot of flavor
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but not in a sweet way and it doesn't have to be salty for example For example,
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vegetables are savoury because it's the opposite of sweet.
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But it doesn't mean that vegetables are salty.
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Vegetables would be salty if you add salt to them.
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So be careful with the words savoury and bitter because they are words that people don't usually understand.
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if you want to say that something isn't spicy you can say it is mild
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so if you go to an Indian restaurant
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and you ask for some food you would ask is it spicy
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or is it mild then we have some words to talk about texture food can be crunchy like crisps
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or biscuits or chewy like meat.
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Chewy means that you have to chew it a lot.
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It can also be smooth and creamy like a nice cup of coffee and juicy.
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So if you have a hamburger and you say
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that the meat is juicy it means that it's not dry
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when we're talking about temperature of food we can say
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that it's hot cold warm which is between hot and cold frozen
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or chilled chilled means that it has been cooled in a refrigerator
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so if a shop is advertising chilled drinks it means
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that they have been in the fridge so they're going to be colder.
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If we're talking about a food's consistency we can say that it's thick or thin they're opposites and runny.
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If you make a sauce and it is runny it means
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that it's very liquidy the opposite is firm
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and then two other words that we have are mushy
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and sticky mushy means soft so if you're making a recipe and the vegetables or the peas need to be mushy,
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you would take a fork and squash them down to make them mushy.
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And lastly, sticky means that it sticks to your fingers while you're making it.
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So sometimes when I make bread,
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the dough is too sticky and it sticks to my hands so I have to add more flour.
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If you have enjoyed this video please give it a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel.
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Thank you and I'll see you in another video.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Food and Cooking Vocabulary」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：example, salty, flavour, sour, vegetables。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が86文、単語が988語あります。 音声の長さは10:00です。 話す速さはゆっくりで、1分あたり約99語です。一つ一つの音をまねる余裕があります。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は77%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| salty 形容詞 | /ˈsɔlti/ | 塩っぱい, 塩辛い |
| savory 形容詞 | /ˈseɪ.və.ɹi/ | 香ばしい, 美味しい |
| vegetable 名詞 | /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ | 野菜, 青物 |
| bitter 形容詞 | /ˈbɪ.tɚ/ | 苦い |
| roast 動詞 | /ɹoʊst/ | あぶり焼きにする, 焼く |
| fry 動詞 | /fɹaɪ/ | (油で)揚げる, 炒る |
| mushy 形容詞 | /ˈmʌ.ʃi/ | 柔らかい |
| spicy 形容詞 | /ˈspaɪsi/ | 辛い |
| slice 名詞 | /slaɪs/ | 切れ, 一片 |
| sticky 形容詞 | /ˈstɪki/ | 粘着性のある, 粘り気のある |
| boil 動詞 | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | 沸かす, 沸騰させる |
| potato 名詞 | /pəˈteɪ.təʊ/ | じゃがいも, 馬鈴薯 |
| chewy 形容詞 | /ˈt͡ʃuː.i/ | よくかめない |
| chunk 名詞 | /t͡ʃʌŋk/ | 塊 |
| lastly 副詞 | /ˈlæstli/ | 最後に |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have added · has been cooled · have been |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is usually used · has been cooled |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | understand, which is · warm which is |
| 義務：must / have to / need to 何かが必要であることを伝える | need to prepare · have to remove · need to move |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, doesn't, we'reなど、短縮形や弱形を25回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: mushy /ˈmʌ.ʃi/, squash /skwɔʃ/, mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, consistency /kənˈsɪs.tən.si/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: savory /ˈseɪ.və.ɹi/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/, vinegar /ˈvɪnəɡɚ/, verb /vɝb/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: fry /fɹaɪ/, refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, flour /ˈflaʊ.ə/, fork /fɔɹk/, flavor /ˈfleɪvə/
- 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: roast /ɹoʊst/, fry /fɹaɪ/, spicy /ˈspaɪsi/, slice /slaɪs/, bland /blænd/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。salty, savory, vegetableなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。