跟读练习: Food and Cooking Vocabulary - 通过视频学习英语口语
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in this video we're going to talk about cooking
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and food first we're going to talk about the ways of
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cooking food depending on the food we cook them one way
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or another for example
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if you're going to put some chicken in the oven you roast it you can have roast chicken roast potatoes
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or or roast beef for example.
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If you put food in hot water in a saucepan, you boil it.
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You boil pasta or rice, and you can also boil vegetables.
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If you put food in a frying pan with a bit of oil, you fry food.
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You can fry vegetables, you can fry sausages or you can fry bacon for example.
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The full English breakfast includes a lot of fried food like fried bread,
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fried tomatoes, mushrooms, sausages, bacon and fried egg.
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If you put a cake in the oven, you bake it.
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You don't roast a cake.
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Baking is usually used for foods like bread,
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cakes and pastries, but not for foods like chicken.
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If you have a barbecue and you put meat on the barbecue, you barbecue it.
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Barbecue is also a verb.
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And lastly, if you put food on a grill, like meat, you grill it.
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But before you cook your food, you need to prepare it.
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You have to remove the skin of some foods, like potatoes so you peel the potatoes
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if you want to cut some food up you can chop it into small pieces
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or chunks or you can slice it into thin slices for For example,
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if we're going to have a sandwich, we would slice the cheese into slices,
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but if we are going to make a cheese board with different types of cheese and bread and grapes,
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we would chop it up into chunks.
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If we are having a pizza, we would grate the cheese so that it is in small thin strips.
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If you want to add a bit of flavour, you can add salt and pepper and other spices.
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And that's called seasoning, so people like to season their food before they cook it.
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If you want to add any extra ingredients, you can add it to recipe and...
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If you need to move it around in a bowl then you stir it.
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Now let's talk about flavours.
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Some people don't like Indian or Mexican food because they say it's too spicy.
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That means that it's got a strong hot flavour.
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I like spicy food because if it doesn't have a lot of flavour, it's too bland for me.
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Bland means that it doesn't have any flavour.
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For example, rice is bland if you don't season it.
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Lemons are sour.
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So some people don't like lemonade because they say it is too sour.
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The opposite of sour is sweet.
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Strawberries and bananas are sweet foods.
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But then there's another word that some people don't understand, which is bitter.
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Bitter isn't the same as sour.
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Bitter means that it has a sharp, unpleasant taste.
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For example, dark chocolate, coffee and mustard are bitter.
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Beer, grapefruit and tonic water are also bitter.
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So it's different to sour.
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Citrus fruits are sour like lemons,
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limes, oranges, grapefruits and we also have pineapples, green apples and vinegar.
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So it's a different flavour.
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if you have added too much salt to the recipe it will be salty salty means
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that it has a lot of salt for example a lot
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of crisps are salty salty doesn't mean the same as savory people always ask what do you prefer sweet or savory food
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we don't say do you prefer sweet
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or salty food we say savory savory basically means
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that it it has a lot of flavor
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but not in a sweet way and it doesn't have to be salty for example For example,
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vegetables are savoury because it's the opposite of sweet.
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But it doesn't mean that vegetables are salty.
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Vegetables would be salty if you add salt to them.
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So be careful with the words savoury and bitter because they are words that people don't usually understand.
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if you want to say that something isn't spicy you can say it is mild
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so if you go to an Indian restaurant
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and you ask for some food you would ask is it spicy
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or is it mild then we have some words to talk about texture food can be crunchy like crisps
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or biscuits or chewy like meat.
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Chewy means that you have to chew it a lot.
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It can also be smooth and creamy like a nice cup of coffee and juicy.
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So if you have a hamburger and you say
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that the meat is juicy it means that it's not dry
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when we're talking about temperature of food we can say
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that it's hot cold warm which is between hot and cold frozen
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or chilled chilled means that it has been cooled in a refrigerator
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so if a shop is advertising chilled drinks it means
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that they have been in the fridge so they're going to be colder.
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If we're talking about a food's consistency we can say that it's thick or thin they're opposites and runny.
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If you make a sauce and it is runny it means
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that it's very liquidy the opposite is firm
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and then two other words that we have are mushy
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and sticky mushy means soft so if you're making a recipe and the vegetables or the peas need to be mushy,
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you would take a fork and squash them down to make them mushy.
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And lastly, sticky means that it sticks to your fingers while you're making it.
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So sometimes when I make bread,
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the dough is too sticky and it sticks to my hands so I have to add more flour.
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If you have enjoyed this video please give it a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel.
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Thank you and I'll see you in another video.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B1 级别的口语课以视频“Food and Cooking Vocabulary”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：example, salty, flavour, sour, vegetables。 这段视频共有 86 个句子、988 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 10:00。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 99 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 只有 77% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| salty 形容词 | /ˈsɔlti/ | 鹹 /咸 |
| savory 形容词 | /ˈseɪ.və.ɹi/ | 香, 好吃 |
| sour 形容词 | /ˈsaʊ.ə/ | 餿 /馊 |
| vegetable 名词 | /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ | 蔬菜, 青菜 |
| bitter 形容词 | /ˈbɪ.tɚ/ | 苦澀 /苦涩, 苦 |
| roast 动词 | /ɹoʊst/ | 燒 /烧, 烤 |
| fry 动词 | /fɹaɪ/ | 煎, 炒 |
| spicy 形容词 | /ˈspaɪsi/ | 辣 |
| slice 名词 | /slaɪs/ | 片 |
| bland 形容词 | /blænd/ | 乏味的 |
| sticky 形容词 | /ˈstɪki/ | 黏 |
| boil 动词 | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | 煮沸, 煮 |
| potato 名词 | /pəˈteɪ.təʊ/ | 土豆, 馬鈴薯 /马铃薯 |
| chill 动词 | /tʃɪl/ | 使变冷 |
| chewy 形容词 | /ˈt͡ʃuː.i/ | 需要多嚼的 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have added · has been cooled · have been |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is usually used · has been cooled |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | understand, which is · warm which is |
| 义务：must / have to / need to 表示某事是必要的 | need to prepare · have to remove · need to move |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 25 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, doesn't, we're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: mushy /ˈmʌ.ʃi/, squash /skwɔʃ/, mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, consistency /kənˈsɪs.tən.si/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: savory /ˈseɪ.və.ɹi/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/, vinegar /ˈvɪnəɡɚ/, verb /vɝb/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: roast /ɹoʊst/, slice /slaɪs/, bland /blænd/, chunk /t͡ʃʌŋk/, crisp /kɹɪsp/
- /æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: bland /blænd/, lastly /ˈlæstli/, hamburger /ˈhæmˌbɜɹ.ɡɚ/, saucepan /ˈsɔsˌpæn/, banana /bəˈnænə/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 salty, savory, sour 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。