Pratique du Shadowing: How do Hurricanes Form? + more videos | #aumsum #kids #science #education #children - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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165 phrases
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It's AumSum Time!
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How do hurricanes form?
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I form them.
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I am the Masquer of Thunder.
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Oh, Umsum.
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To buy Umsum merchandise, visit Umsum .com.
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Hurricanes form only over warm ocean waters near the equator.
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This warm water evaporates resulting in the formation of warm, moist air over the ocean surface.
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This air rises up, creating an area of low air pressure below.
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air from surrounding areas pushes into this low pressure area.
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This air also becomes warm and moist and rises.
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This cycle keeps on continuing.
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Now as the warm moist air keeps on rising, it cools off and forms clouds.
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Even big stormy cumulonimbus clouds are formed.
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Now as the warm air continues to rise upward, winds start blowing in a circular pattern around the center.
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The storm is officially classified as a hurricane.
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Earthquakes.
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What causes earthquakes?
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I, me and myself.
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Yes.
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You show off.
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An earthquake is violent shaking of the earth's crust.
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The earth's crust is a hard outer covering made up of many pieces called tectonic plates.
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These plates are always moving.
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However, the motion is very slow.
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In a year, they move only 2 to 5 centimeters.
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My hair grows faster than their movements.
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Absolutely.
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Mostly when these tectonic plates move, they brush against each other without causing great damage.
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However, sometimes they get stuck and cannot easily slide against each other.
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But the plates still keep pushing, thus creating pressure.
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Eventually, the pressure builds up so much that one of the plates suddenly moves above the other.
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Or they may crash into each other, causing the crust to shake violently.
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creating an earthquake.
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Oh!
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Why do volcanoes erupt?
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Don't worry, AumSum will stop them from erupting.
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Oh, AumSum.
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Deep inside the earth's temperatures are so high that some rocks start melting.
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Now as the rocks melt, their mass remains the same but their volume increases.
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As a result, they get converted into magma, which is less dense as compared to the surrounding as well as overlying rocks.
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Now, because of buoyancy, this lighter magma starts rising towards the surface of the earth and gets collected in magma chambers.
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Eventually, this magma pushes through the vents and fissures and erupts through the earth's surface.
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What makes ice clear or cloudy?
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At home, we generally use room temperature tap water to make ice.
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At room temperature, water has many dissolved minerals, gases etc. which are invisible to our naked eyes.
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On freezing this water, its temperature starts dropping and ice starts to form from outside.
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The gases no longer remain dissolved.
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But, as they cannot escape out, they get pushed towards the unfrozen center.
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Eventually, when the center freezes, the trapped minerals and gases become visible.
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Making ice cloudy.
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Will it rain from the cloudy ice?
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Oh, just listen.
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Now, to avoid this situation, some specialized ice makers make ice slowly layer by layer.
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In this technique, water is made to continuously flow over the surface of a cool container.
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Thus, water begins to freeze from the bottom of the container, layer by layer, giving the minerals and gases time to escape from the top, making ice clear.
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What is a tsunami?
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I don't know.
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Tsunami is a series of giant waves.
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In Japanese, tsunami means harbor wave. And in Chinese.
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Oh, just listen.
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A wave is created when energy passes through water.
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Moving air or wind provides energy to water, forming regular waves.
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While on the ocean floor, when a tectonic plate suddenly slides beneath the other.
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The resulting earthquake releases a tremendous amount of energy.
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This energy spreads outward from the point of earthquake, triggering waves that can form tsunami.
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Initially, these waves are small in size but they travel at great speeds.
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However, when the waves approach the shore, The rising seabed obstructs the energy of waves.
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This slows down the speed of waves.
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But the energy flux must remain constant, leading to an increase in the height of waves, thus resulting in tsunami.
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Ha ha ha ha ha.
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Buoyancy.
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Can you drown in the Dead Sea?
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Your answer must be yes, right?
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You must be thinking that anyone who cannot swim will obviously drown.
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Whether it is a swimming pool or the Dead Sea.
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However, that is not 100 % true.
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Confused?
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Let me explain to you.
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When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a fluid, an upward force is exerted by the fluid on that object.
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This tendency of the fluid to exert an upward force on the object is called buoyancy or up thrust.
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This upward force is called buoyant force.
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So, do you finally get it?
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Place a piece of wood in water and push it downwards.
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What do you observe?
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It seems like something is pushing the piece of wood upwards, right?
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Water exerts an upward force on the wood.
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That is why the wood is getting pushed upwards.
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This force is called buoyant force and the tendency of water to exert that buoyant force is called buoyancy.
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Ocean.
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The presence of this salt increases density of water present in the Dead Sea.
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Higher density leads to greater buoyant force.
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As the Dead Sea has very high density, it exerts enough amount of buoyant force to make us float on it.
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So, if we can float on the Dead Sea, we are definitely not going to drown in it.
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Why do we have seasons?
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Because of season fairies.
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No. It is mainly because of our earth's axis.
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Our earth's axis is tilted at an angle of about 23 .5 degrees.
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Hence, as the earth revolves around the sun.
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Sometimes the northern hemisphere points towards the sun.
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While sometimes the southern hemisphere.
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This causes seasons.
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Alright, let us observe the northern hemisphere to learn more about seasons.
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When the northern hemisphere points towards the sun, the sun rays directly strike the northern hemisphere.
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Thus, the temperatures are high, resulting in summer season in that region.
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However, when the northern hemisphere points away from the sun, the sun rays fall slanting on it.
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Thus, the temperatures are low, resulting in winter season.
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But when the northern hemisphere is neither tilted towards nor away from the sun, the temperatures are moderate, resulting in spring and autumn season.
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Ear.
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How do ears help with balancing?
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They really do.
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You don't believe me.
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How do you think you are able to maintain your balance?
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Do you know why you can't balance yourself anymore?
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Wait.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I have to say that.
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I will tell you.
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This happens because there is a connection between our ears and body balance.
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Our ear consists of 3 parts.
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Outer ear, middle ear and inner ear.
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Our inner ear works in sync with our eyes and muscles.
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Helping us maintain balance while we are doing various activities.
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Posterior semicircular canal and a lateral semicircular canal.
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The three semicircular canals are arranged in three different positions.
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Each of these canals has a fluid called endolink.
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And hair cells called cilia at the base.
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Whenever we move our head, the fluid moves, resulting in the movement of the cilia as well.
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When the cilia moves, it sends signals to the brain informing which direction our head has just moved in.
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Each canal has different functions as per the movement of our head.
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When we move our head up and down, the superior semicircular canal helps our brain to understand the yes motion.
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When we tilt our head towards our shoulders, the posterior semicircular canal helps our brain to understand the tilting motion.
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The lateral semicircular canal helps our brain to understand the no motion.
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It was too complicated, right?
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Ok.
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Don't worry about it.
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Relax.
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Why don't you go on a merry go ride?
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Hey.
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Why were you not able to maintain your balance?
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When it started rotating, the fluid in the semicircular canals also started to move.
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After a while, it was moving at the same rate at which you were moving.
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However, when the ride stopped and you got down from the ride, the fluid was still in motion due to inertia.
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Hence, even though you were not moving, the moving fluid gave your brain false information telling you that you are still in motion.
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Thus, you were not able to maintain your balance.
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Mmm!
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau A2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How do Hurricanes Form? + more videos ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : wave, force, canal, fluid, ear. Cette vidéo contient 165 phrases et 1472 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 11:06. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 133 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 78 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| canal nom | /kəˈnæl/ | canal |
| fluid nom | /ˈflu.ɪd/ | fluide, liquide |
| hemisphere nom | /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/ | hémisphère |
| earthquake nom | /ˈɝθkweɪk/ | tremblement de terre, séisme |
| tsunami nom | /(t)suːˈnɑːmi/ | tsunami, raz-de-marée |
| layer nom | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | couche |
| density nom | /ˈdɛn.sə.ti/ | masse volumique, densité |
| freeze verbe | /ˈfɹiːz/ | geler, glacer |
| hurricane nom | /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/ | ouragan |
| mineral nom | /ˈmɪn.ə.ɹəl/ | minéral |
| moist adjectif | /mɔɪst/ | humide, moite |
| drown verbe | /dɹaʊn/ | se noyer |
| cloudy adjectif | /ˈklaʊ̯diː/ | nuageux |
| cloud nom | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | nuage |
| ear nom | /ˈɪə̯/ | oreille |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| build up verbe | s'accumuler, s'entasser |
| pass through verbe | traverser |
| show off verbe | crâner, faire le malin |
| slow down verbe | ralentir, décélérer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- What do you observe?
- Why do we have seasons?
- Do you know why you can't balance yourself anymore?
- Why don't you go on a merry go ride?
- Why were you not able to maintain your balance?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | are formed · is made · is created |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | magma, which is · anyone who cannot |
| Verbe + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — les verbes suivis de la forme en -ing | start blowing · keep pushing · start melting |
| Passé continu was/were + -ing — une action en cours à un moment du passé | was moving · were not moving |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 6 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, can't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/, thrust /θɹʌst/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: shake /ˈʃeɪk/, shore /ʃɔɹ/, brush /bɹʌʃ/, fissure /ˈfɪʃ.ɚ/, inertia /ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, superior /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/, continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/, violently /ˈvaɪ(ə)ləntli/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hemisphere /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/, hurricane /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/, hence /ˈhɛns/, harbor /ˈhɑːbə/, wholly /ˈhoʊ.li/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: chamber /ˈt͡ʃeɪ̯mbɚ/, arrange /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/, merchandise /ˈmɝ.t͡ʃənˌdaɪs/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, hurricane /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/, mineral /ˈmɪn.ə.ɹəl/, crust /kɹʌst/, drown /dɹaʊn/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme canal, fluid, hemisphere.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.