Pratique du Shadowing: What toys have kids played with throughout history? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec YouTube

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The year is 100 CE, and 11-year-old Julia Lucilla is playing with her ivory doll Pompeia.
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The year is 100 CE, and 11-year-old Julia Lucilla is playing with her ivory doll Pompeia.
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Named after the Roman Emperor Trajan’s wife, Pompeia is only 20 centimeters tall, with joints at her arms, legs, knees, and elbows, and a bevy of miniature clothes and accessories.
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With her doll in hand, Julia hosts elaborate dinner parties, helps Aeneas escape Troy, and accompanies her father on work trips to Egypt.
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This ancient scene is likely familiar to any modern parent, and that’s because kids have been going on imaginary adventures with their toys for thousands of years.
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While the most common ancient playthings would likely have been sticks and rocks, evidence of their use for play is archaeologically invisible.
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However, archaeologists have found material, visual, and written evidence for toys across the ancient world.
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In Anatolia circa 3000 BCE, miniature toy carriages raced through the dirt at the hands of energetic youngsters.
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A thousand years later, in the Indus Valley, a toddler giggled gleefully at the chirping sound created by their dove-shaped terracotta whistle.
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Alongside whistles and wheeled toys, dolls are another common ancient plaything, though they can be a little harder to identify.
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While some archaeologists think ancient female figurines found across Afro-Eurasia may have been children’s toys, others believe them to be sacred fertility idols.
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But we do know dolls like Pompeia were popular in Greece and Rome, with hair and clothes designed to reflect changing adult fashions.
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And thousands of years later in the Arctic, Inuit children carried fur-clad dolls carved of wood or walrus tusk.
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But perhaps the most common ancient toy is the humble ball.
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Thousands of years ago, children in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Mesoamerica kicked and threw balls made of everything from leather and linen to papyrus and palm fiber.
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The rules for most of their games have been lost to time, however some kids may have imitated adult games we know more about.
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For example, ancient Greek children might have played episkuros, a team sport where players competed to push their opponents outside the pitch by hurling the ball as far as possible.
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Meanwhile, Mesoamerican kids might have played a game where players try to hit a rubber ball through a hoop using only their hips.
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Then again, in some cultures, this game had religious significance, so it's possible those children steered clear of this sacred sport.
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In any case, rougher, physical play was often limited by ancient gender expectations, with young girls being left out of rowdier ball games in Rome and Egypt.
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Spartan girls circa 400 CE did engage in the same rigorous physical activities as boys, but largely because adults believed it would strengthen their bodies for childbearing.
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Fortunately, this wasn’t the only reason ancient adults encouraged kids to play.
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Athenian philosopher Plato observed that toys like building blocks and miniature farming implements were useful tools for learning the skills needed in adulthood.
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That said, many ancient cultures expected children to give up their games and toys as they grew up.
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A common Roman phrase described a child “giving up nuts” when taking up their adult responsibilities since nuts were used in a variety of simple games.
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And young Roman girls left their dolls as offerings to the gods as part of preparing for their wedding.
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However, other childhood games resembled those men and women continued to enjoy into adulthood.
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One, called knucklebones, was popular across the ancient Mediterranean.
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Usually crafted from the ankle bones of sheep or pigs, they could be used as jacks or dice, with different faces earning different point values.
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In addition to games of chance, ancient adults played a variety of strategic board games, which may have been introduced during childhood.
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Some particularly well-recorded examples include the Royal Game of Ur in ancient Mesopotamia, Go in China, Senet in Egypt, and Ludus latrunculorum— or, the Game of Soldiers— in Rome.
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Today, playful kids follow the same instincts as their ancient ancestors.
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They continue to make up ball games, invent stories for their favorite dolls, and send toy cars skittering across the floor.
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Because the simplest kinds of play never get old.

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Why practice speaking with this video?

Engaging with the video titled "What toys have kids played with throughout history?" provides an excellent opportunity to practice your English speaking skills. As the speaker recounts the playful adventures of children across different cultures and eras, you can explore various imaginative scenarios. The storytelling format invites you to replicate the speaker's rhythm and intonation, making it an ideal resource for those interested in using the shadowing technique. By listening and repeating phrases, you build fluency and enhance your pronunciation while learning historical vocabulary. This not only aids in comprehension, but also improves your overall speaking confidence as you learn to communicate thoughts related to childhood and cultural practices.

Grammar & Expressions in Context

Here are some key structures and expressions from the video that can enhance your English speaking abilities:

  • Past Simple Tense: The speaker frequently uses the past simple tense to narrate events from history. Phrases like "Julia hosted elaborate dinner parties" help learners understand how to convey actions that happened at a specific time in the past.
  • Descriptive Modifiers: The use of descriptive adjectives, such as "humble ball" and "ivory doll," brings richness to the language. Practicing how to use adjectives effectively can significantly improve your speaking skills by allowing you to express details and emotions more vividly.
  • Historical Contextualization: Expressions like "circa 3000 BCE" introduce concepts of time and history, which are essential for discussing events contextually. Learning how to integrate timeframes into your speech can enhance your conversations about historical topics.
  • Comparative Structures: The speaker contrasts ancient practices with modern ones, as seen in phrases like "traditional games" compared to "modern parents." Mastering comparative structures will enable you to articulate similarities and differences effectively.

Common Pronunciation Traps

As you practice speaking using this video, pay attention to the pronunciation of specific words that can pose challenges:

  • Pronunciation of 'figures': The “g” can be tricky; practice enunciating it as /ˈfɪg.jʊrz/ to avoid confusion.
  • 'Civilization': Make sure to articulate the 'z' sound clearly. It should be pronounced as /ˌsɪv.əl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/.
  • Word Stress: In phrases like "imaginary adventures," placing the stress on the second syllable of "imaginary" can significantly clarify your speech.
  • Accents: The video showcases diverse accents, which enriches your understanding of English pronunciation. Mimicking these different styles can be highly beneficial in developing your own speaking abilities.

Consider using this video as part of your shadowspeak practice. By actively listening and repeating lines, you can gain a deeper understanding of the subtle nuances of English pronunciation and grammar.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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