शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Japanese Tea Ceremony | International Tea Day | practice English with Spotlight - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
1
Welcome to Spotlight.
2
I'm Liz Waid.
3
And I'm Adam Navis.
4
Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting.
5
It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
6
A small group of people sit in silence.
7
Her eyes are fixed on the movement of one woman, Sachiko.
8
Sachiko is a small Japanese woman.
9
She wears traditional Japanese clothes, a beautiful kimono.
10
She is busy preparing a green tea.
11
She concentrates on each of her movements.
12
Each movement flows into the next.
13
What is she doing?
14
She is leading, or hosting, a Japanese tea ceremony.
15
Today's Spotlight is on the Japanese tea ceremony.
16
In Japan, drinking tea is very popular.
17
Originally, people drank tea as a form of medicine.
18
Soon they drank it because they enjoyed it.
19
At first, black tea was the most popular.
20
But in the 12th century this changed.
21
The people used a different kind of tea.
22
Green tea or matcha.
23
Both green and black teas come from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant.
24
People put the plant leaves in the sun to dry them.
25
Black tea is dried in the sun for a longer time.
26
The leaves react with the oxygen in the air and turn black.
27
But to make green tea, people gently steam the leaves before drying.
28
This way the leaves keep their green color.
29
The Japanese tea ceremony developed over many years.
30
But during the 16th century, the ceremony became an art form called wabi cha.
31
One of the people who influenced this art was the great tea master Senno Rikyu.
32
He believed in the importance of peace, respect, purity, and calmness.
33
He combined this simple, everyday part of life with his spiritual beliefs.
34
These are now called Sado, the way of the tea.
35
Sachiko is a young Japanese woman.
36
She has studied the tea ceremony for many years.
37
She describes what the tea ceremony means to her.
38
For me, the tea ceremony is like learning about life,
39
how I live and how do I see myself in this life.
40
And my tea master will teach me history of the tea ceremony and teach me about movements
41
or flower arrangement or utensil or pottery or any sort of thing.
42
The tea ceremony takes normally about three hours.
43
It takes many years to perform the art of a tea ceremony perfectly.
44
Like Sachi-ko, students do not just learn about tea.
45
They must also learn other traditions, such as Japanese writing and flower organizing.
46
At official tea ceremonies, even the people who attend must know some things about Sado.
47
They must know the right ways to move, such as how to drink the tea.
48
They must know when to speak and what to say.
49
In most tea ceremonies, a host will invite four people.
50
They are guests of the ceremony.
51
The host's helper leads these people into a waiting room.
52
The helper offers Sayu to drink.
53
This is hot water for tea making.
54
At the right time, the helper leads the people to the tea room, or chashitsu.
55
This special room is only for tea ceremonies.
56
Tea rooms are usually inside a tea house.
57
Pretty houses are usually outside in the garden.
58
Before the host receives her guests, she fills the stone basin with water.
59
She washes her hands and mouth.
60
She walks to the middle gate.
61
Here she welcomes her guests with a bow.
62
No one speaks.
63
The host leads the guests through the gate.
64
Then they too wash at the stone basin.
65
They are then ready to enter the tea house.
66
They enter the tea house through a sliding door.
67
The door is just under a meter high.
68
One must bow to go through.
69
This is an important act.
70
It is a sign of equality.
71
When people are through the door, they become equal.
72
They lose their social position.
73
The tea room is simple.
74
It usually has a hanging piece of material.
75
This has Japanese writing on it.
76
It may include words that show the values of the tea ceremony,
77
like peace, respect, purity, and calmness.
78
The room also usually contains flowers.
79
The guests bend down on their knees.
80
And they wait for the host to serve them.
81
They leave their worries behind them.
82
They center their minds only on the room.
83
Hosts may serve the guests sweets called higashi.
84
The host then organizes the tea instruments.
85
She cleans them with water.
86
She dries them with a fine cloth.
87
Then she places three scoops of tea for each guest into the tea bowl, or chawan.
88
She puts the right amount of water into the chawan.
89
And then she mixes it using a chasen.
90
She needs skill to mix the powdered tea in the correct way, to make it become a thick liquid.
91
Then she bows.
92
She lifts the chawan with her right hand, and she places it on her left hand.
93
She turns the chawan to the right three times using her right hand.
94
The host then passes the chawan to one of the guests.
95
He bows and accepts the bowl.
96
After he drinks from it, he cleans the top.
97
Then he passes it to the next guest with his right hand.
98
The guest turns the chawan and drinks from it in the same way.
99
Guests look at the bowl before they drink from it.
100
They see its beauty.
101
During the whole ceremony, the host serves the guests.
102
Each instrument and movement is important in the ceremony.
103
Buddhist theology influences much of these movements, positions, and instruments.
104
However, you do not have to be a Buddhist to take part in a tea ceremony.
105
Some people take part in the ceremony simply to enjoy the social gathering.
106
Others take part to enjoy the peace and calmness of the ceremony.
107
The way of the tea has four main teachings.
108
Wa means harmony or peace.
109
People must try and be at peace with everything in their life.
110
People and nature.
111
Kei means respect.
112
People must respect everything around them.
113
Sei means purity.
114
People must try to act purely.
115
Jakku means peace of mind.
116
It is these values that tea masters spend years trying to learn through sado, way of the tea.
117
Would you like a Japanese tea ceremony?
118
Are there any ceremonies for food in your culture?
119
You can leave a comment on our website.
120
Or email us at radio at radioenglish.net.
121
You can also comment on Facebook at facebook.com slash spotlightradio.
122
The writer of this program was Marina Santee.
123
The producer was Michio Ozaki.
124
The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom.
125
All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight.
126
You can listen to this program again,
127
and read it, on the internet at www.radioenglish.net.
128
This program is called Japanese Tea Ceremony.
129
Look for our free official app in the Google Play Store and in iTunes.
130
We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program.
131
Goodbye.
संदर्भ और पृष्ठभूमि
इस वीडियो में, लिज़ वेड और एडम नवीस जापानी चाय समारोह के बारे में चर्चा कर रहे हैं। जापान में चाय पीना केवल एक पेय नहीं, बल्कि एक संस्कृति का हिस्सा है। इस समारोह का उद्देश्य शांति, सम्मान, और शुद्धता के साथ-साथ जीवन के महत्वपूर्ण पहलुओं को समझना है। वीडियो में दिखाया गया है कि कैसे एक युवा जापानी महिला, सचिको, चाय समारोह का नेतृत्व करती है। यह केवल चाय बनाने की प्रक्रिया नहीं है, बल्कि एक कला है जिसे सीखने में वर्षों लगते हैं।
रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के लिए शीर्ष 5 वाक्यांश
- “मैं ध्यान केंद्रित कर रही हूं।” – यह दर्शाता है कि कोई व्यक्ति किसी कार्य पर पूरी तरह से केंद्रित है।
- “यह समारोह तीन घंटे तक चलता है।” – यह समय के महत्व को बताने का एक तरीका है।
- “सादो, चाय का मार्ग।” – यह चाय समारोह की गहरी विचारधारा का परिचय देता है।
- “चाय समारोह की कला सीखने में कई साल लगते हैं।” – यह धैर्य और अभ्यास की आवश्यकता को दर्शाता है।
- “मेरी चाय की मास्टर मुझे इतिहास सिखाएगी।” – यह ज्ञान की तलाश का संकेत है।
स्टेप-बाय-स्टेप शैडोइंग गाइड
इस वीडियो में प्रस्तुत सामग्री को समझने के लिए, यहां एक सरल शैडोइंग गाइड प्रस्तुत की गई है:
- सुनें और समझें: पहले वीडियो को ध्यान से सुनें। कोशिश करें कि आप संदर्भ और मुख्य विचार को ग्रहण करें।
- लिपि पढ़ें: वीडियो की लिपि देखें, इससे आपको शब्दों और वाक्यांशों की स्पष्टता प्राप्त होगी।
- शैडोइंग करें: एक बार जब आप संदर्भ से परिचित हो जाएं, तो वीडियो चलाते समय बोलने वाले के साथ-साथ बोलें। इसे एक shadowing site पर करना फायदेमंद होगा, जैसे कि shadowspeaks।
- रिकॉर्ड करें: अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें जबकि आप वीडियो के साथ बोलते हैं। इसे सुनकर आप अपने अंग्रेजी उच्चारण में सुधार कर सकते हैं।
- अभ्यास करते रहें: नियमित रूप से वीडियो के साथ शैडोइंग करने से आपकी अंग्रेजी तेजी से विकसित होगी।
याद रखें, अंग्रेजी सीखने की प्रक्रिया एक यात्रा है। यूट्यूब से अंग्रेजी सीखें और अपने कौशल को और बेहतर बनाने के लिए निरंतर प्रयास करते रहें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।