शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Visualizing hidden worlds inside your body - Dee Breger - YouTube के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar I'm going to take you on a journey into some hidden worlds inside your own body using the scanning electron microscope.
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Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar I'm going to take you on a journey into some hidden worlds inside your own body using the scanning electron microscope.
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These microscopes use a beam of electrons to illuminate things that are too small to be seen by the photons of visible light.
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And to put this in context, if you mentally divide one tiny millimeter into a thousand parts, each one of those parts is a micrometer, or micron for short.
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If you then divide one micron into another thousand parts, each one of those is a nanometer.
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And it's nanometers and microns that are the domain of the scanning electron microscope.
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So, let's start with something on the body that we can measure at about 100 microns wide, and that would be a human hair, which now you can see is covered with scales, just like all of our hairs, and in fact, just like all mammal hairs.
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We're going to plunge into the body now, and we've landed in the thyroid gland.
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Here we're looking at proteins that are being secreted into a storage chamber where they are going to develop into the mature thyroid hormones before being released into the body.
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And at this point you might be wondering if these colors are real.
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The answer is no.
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Electron images only happen in black and white.
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I often colorize my images for various reasons, but I don't change the structures, so the strucutres that you're seeing are all exactly as they were when I photographed them in the microscope.
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We're going to take a detour and zoom in on the heart muscle now.
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And the heart muscle has this curious structure that's kind of like corrugated cardboard.
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That's what allows the heart to expand and contract as it's beating.
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Let's go look at a lung with pneumonia.
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Here we've got a white blood cell poking around in an air sac, looking for something to clean out like a little vacuum cleaner.
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This is your immune systems at work.
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So what are the kinds of things that we don't want to be breathing, besides bacteria and viruses?
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Well, we all know to stay away from asbestos and now we can see why.
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This is a close-up view of the mineral that asbestos is made from, and now you can see that it's composed of many tiny, fine little needles.
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Each one of those needles is a single crystal.
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And in this picture, they're begininng to pry apart and tangle up into a spiky mess, not for breathing.
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What else might we want to avoid breathing?
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Well, how about diesel fuel?
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We're looking here at the particles of diesel soot, and these are extraordinarily tiny.
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In fact, each one of these little particles is only about 50 nanometers wide.
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We'll go and look at some blood now.
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We've got a collection of nice, fat, happy, healthy red blood cells, but they're all tangled up in a network of fibers.
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This is how the body makes a blood clot.
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And so, it surrounds a group of red blood cells and other cells, and traps them so the blood can't flow.
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We've got two more blood cells here, but they're not normal like the ones in the blood clot image.
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These are distorted.
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You can see that they're curling up and beginning to grow what's going to become spikes.
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These are sickle cells and these are what cause the condition of sickle cell amenia.
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We've gone into the mouth now and we've landed on dental plague, which you can see is covered with bacteria, and in fact dental plague is host to about 1,000 different species of bacteria.
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Lovely to think about.
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And now we are on to other teeth.
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We're on the surfaces of the, or the internal surfaces of the teeth themselves.
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The smaller one is a baby tooth that had just fallen out of the mouth of a young friend of mine, and I want to call your attention to the little holes.
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Those little holes are the tops of a whole network of tiny little tubes that circulate nourishing fluids inside your teeth.
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And we can see those tubes a little better in the larger picture because some of them are in cross-section.
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But in fact, this larger picture is showing you a portion of a tusk, which you may know is simply a great big, elongated tooth, so you would expect to see the same features between your teeth and a tusk.
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But that larger tusk picture is also rough by comparison to the young baby tooth.
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That's because it's many, many thousands of years old.
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It's also partly fossilized.
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And, between these two pictures, now you can see how your teeth relate to the tusk of an Ice Age mammoth.
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We're shooting up north now into the brain, and we can see these pink cells down at the bottom.
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Those are the neurons of memory.
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And I'm going to leave you with this picture because I know you're going to take a lot of happy memories away from your exciting day at TED and now you can visualize where those memories are being stored in your own brain.
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Thank you.
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इस वीडियो के साथ बोलने का अभ्यास क्यों करें?

यह वीडियो आपके शरीर के भीतर छिपे हुए अद्भुत संसारों की यात्रा पर ले जाता है, जहाँ आप अंग्रेजी शैडोइंग की मदद से नए शब्द और वाक्य संरचनाएँ सीख सकते हैं। वीडियो में दी गई जानकारी न केवल शैक्षिक है, बल्कि यह आपके बोलने की क्षमता को भी बेहतर बनाने के लिए एक प्रासंगिक संदर्भ प्रदान करती है। जब आप इस वीडियो को सुनते और अभ्यास करते हैं, तो आप न केवल भाषा की संरचना समझ रहे होते हैं, बल्कि अपने उच्चारण में सुधार भी कर रहे होते हैं।

व्याकरण और संदर्भ में अभिव्यक्तियाँ

  • “We’re going to plunge into the body”: यह वाक्यांश दर्शाता है कि कैसे आप एक विषय में गहराई में जाने का इरादा रखते हैं। यहाँ “plunge into” एक सक्रिय क्रिया है, जो आपको आकर्षित करती है।
  • “let’s start with something on the body”: इस वाक्य में सरल और स्पष्ट जागरूकता का संकेत है। आप यह प्रयोग करके अपने वार्तालाप में सहजता ला सकते हैं।
  • “you might be wondering”: यह अभिव्यक्ति सुनने वाले की जिज्ञासा को पहचानने का एक तरीका है। इसे प्रयोग करके आप अपने वार्तालाप में ध्यान केंद्रित कर सकते हैं।

सामान्य उच्चारण की गलती

वीडियो में कुछ शब्दों का उच्चारण विशेष रूप से चुनौतीपूर्ण हो सकता है, जैसे “asbestos” और “microscope।” जैसे-जैसे आप इन शब्दों का उच्चारण करते हैं, ध्यान दें कि आपको उनके ध्वनियों में स्पष्टता लाने की आवश्यकता है। अंग्रेजी उच्चारण में सुधार के लिए, इन शब्दों को धीरे-धीरे और बार-बार दोहराना फायदेमंद हो सकता है। इसके अलावा, आप “electron microscope” जैसे तकनीकी शब्दों पर ध्यान केन्द्रित करके बेहतर उच्चारण सीख सकते हैं।

इस वीडियो के माध्यम से यूट्यूब से अंग्रेजी सीखें और अपने बोलने के कौशल को न केवल विकसित करें, बल्कि अपने सुनने की क्षमता को भी बढ़ाएं।

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

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