शैडोइंग अभ्यास: What Is Basic Oxygen Furnace - Understanding the basic oxygen process. - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
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Did you know that the basic oxygen furnace can convert molten iron into steel in just 20 minutes?
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In this video, you will learn in detail about the basic oxygen furnace, a key technology in steel production.
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Welcome to James Sword Engineering Channel.
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don't forget to like share comment
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and also subscribe to the channel the basic oxygen furnace is
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essentially a giant tank lined with refractory materials to withstand the
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intense heat the furnace is heated to around 1700 degrees celsius
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and then oxygen is blown to start the refining process the
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oxygen reacts with the impurities in the steel such as carbon
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and silicon to create a slag
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that is removed from the furnace this leaves behind high quality
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steel with a much lower carbon content brief history about the
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basic oxygen furnace in the late 1940s a swiss engineer named robert dur experimented with the bessemer converter process
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and discovered a better way to produce high quality steel faster
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he blasted pure oxygen into the furnace instead of air
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that contains only 20 of oxygen
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which is used in the bessemer process he found out that oxygen removed carbon from the molten iron more effectively.
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The process was further developed by an Austrian company called Voest, which is presently known as Voestalpine in the Austrian cities Linz and Donowitz.
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That is why it can also be called Linz-Donowitz process or LD process.
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How does the basic oxygen process work in steel making?
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This steel making process begins with pig iron.
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The pig iron is smelted in a blast furnace after
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which it is poured into a ladle and taken to the basic oxygen furnace.
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In this furnace, The hot metal or pig iron from the blast furnace
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and steel scraps are charged and loaded into the furnace that is tilted about 45 degrees.
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The converter is then placed in an upright position.
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Oxygen is turned on and a water-cooled lance is lowered down into it.
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The lance blows 99% pure oxygen into the charge for about 20 minutes causing oxidation of the elements.
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The oxidation reactions in the converter cause temperatures to rise above 1700 degrees Celsius.
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This melts the scrap and reduces the carbon content of the steel by burning it to form carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide.
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It also creates silicon oxides and other impurities.
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To fine-tune the steel characteristics, fluxes such as burnt lime or dolomite are added to form slag, which absorbs impurities of the steelmaking.
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These adjustments are necessary to achieve the desired quality and ensure the steel meets specific industry standards.
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The chemical compositions, temperature and charging weight of the iron ore are often controlled automatically by a computer.
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The tapping process is the final part of the process, where the slag is then separated from the steel.
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And the refined steel is transferred into the ladles for further processing or subsequent casting.
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The two major types of basic oxygen furnaces involve these steps.
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They include a top-blown basic oxygen furnace and a bottom-blown basic oxygen furnace.
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A top-blown basic oxygen furnace is equipped with a water-cooled oxygen
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lance for blowing oxygen into the pig iron through four to six nozzles.
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A bottom-blown oxygen furnace, also known as Q-BOP, is a less common method.
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Oxygen is injected with lime powder through the two years located at the bottom of the vessel.
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Various parts of a basic oxygen furnace.
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The shell, it is the main body of the basic oxygen furnace and it is made from steel.
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It is strong, durable, and tough the shell does not melt
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because of the refractory lining the refractory lining the refractory lining is a special type of material
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that can reflect
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and withstand heat the refractory lining performs two functions the first is to help retain the heat in the furnace so
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that less energy is required to keep the furnace at operating
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temperature the second function is to protect the steel shell from
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the furnace heat the water cooled oxygen lance the water cooled oxygen lance provides the oxygen to the furnace.
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The lance is watercooled so that it will not melt in the furnace.
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The slagging hole.
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The slagging hole is like a sprout where the slag can be poured out when necessary.
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The tapping hole.
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The tapping hole is used to remove the molten steel from the furnace when the desired quality has been attained.
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The main difference between a basic oxygen furnace and the Bessemer converter is that the basic oxygen furnace uses pure oxygen,
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while the Bessemer converter uses air, which contains nitrogen that can harm some steel grades.
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Also, the main difference between a basic oxygen furnace
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and an electric arc furnace is the type of raw materials they use and the process to create steel.
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For the raw materials, the basic oxygen furnace uses molten pig iron and recycled steel, while the electric arc furnace uses recycled steel.
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For the process, in the basic oxygen furnace, oxygen is blown to reduce the carbon content of the molten iron,
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while an electric arc furnace uses electric arcs to melt the scrap steel.
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Advantages of basic oxygen furnace.
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1. Highly efficient.
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Produces large quantities of steel in a relatively short time compared to other methods.
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2. Lower operational costs, especially when using molten iron from a blast furnace.
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3. Can produce a wide range of steel grades, making it suitable for various applications.
इस वीडियो के साथ बोलने का अभ्यास क्यों करें?
यह वीडियो आपको बेसिक ऑक्सीजन फर्नेस की प्रक्रिया को समझने का एक शानदार अवसर प्रदान करता है। जब आप इस वीडियो को देखते हैं, तो आप न केवल तकनीकी शब्दावली सीखेंगे, बल्कि इसके माध्यम से बोलने के कौशल में भी सुधार कर सकते हैं। इसके अलावा, जब आप किसी विषय पर चर्चा करते हैं, तब आप अपने विचारों को स्पष्ट रूप से व्यक्त कर सकते हैं। इस प्रकार के व्याख्यान में भाग लेकर, आप shadowspeak की मदद से अपनी अंग्रेजी बोलने की क्षमता को बेहतर बना सकते हैं।
संदर्भ में व्याकरण और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
- उदाहरण: "Did you know that..." - यह एक प्रश्नों का प्रारूप है जिसका उपयोग प्राप्तकर्ता की रुचि को भड़काने के लिए किया जाता है।
- उदाहरण: "The oxygen reacts with the impurities..." - यह एक सक्रिय वाक्य है जिससे यह स्पष्ट होता है कि ऑक्सीजन किसके साथ कैसे प्रतिक्रिया करती है।
- उदाहरण: "To fine-tune the steel characteristics..." - यह एक तकनीकी शब्दावली है जो विशेष विषयों में विशेषज्ञता को दिखाती है।
इन वाक्य संरचनाओं और अभिव्यक्तियों का प्रयोग करके, आप अपनी अंग्रेजी को और भी प्रभावी बना सकते हैं। इसे shadow speech में शामिल करने से व्याकरण की समझ में सुधार होता है।
सामान्य उच्चारण जाल
इस वीडियो में कुछ शब्दों का उच्चारण जटिल हो सकता है। उदाहरण के लिए, "furnace" और "slag" जैसे शब्दों का सही उच्चारण महत्वपूर्ण है। ये शब्द तकनीकी हैं और इन्हें समझते हुए बोलने में सहज होना चाहिए। इसके अलावा, जब आप उच्चारण में ध्यान केंद्रित करते हैं, तो आप shadow speaks के सिद्धांतों का पालन कर रहे होते हैं।
जब आप इस प्रकार के व्याख्यानों का पालन करते हैं और उनकी नकल करते हैं, तो आप अपनी अंग्रेजी बोलने की ध्वनि में सुधार कर सकते हैं, जिससे आप अधिक आत्मविश्वास के साथ वार्तालाप कर पाएंगे।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।